Revision: Ancien Regime and Enlightenment 1/11/23

Question 1

What was the “taille”?

Answer 1

Land tax

Question 2

What was the Don Gratuit?

Answer 2

Voluntary first estate tax to the Ancien Regime

Question 3

What was the Noblesse de Robe?

Answer 3

Venal Nobles (purchased role from the king)

Question 4

What was the Noblesse d’eppe?

Answer 4

Born into their title and lived in Versailles

Question 5

What was the vingtieme?

Answer 5

Income tax

Question 6

What was the gabelle?

Answer 6

Salt tax

Question 7

What was the Tithe?

Answer 7

Church tax

Question 8

What was the salt tax called?

Answer 8

Gabelle

Question 9

What was the church tax called?

Answer 9

Tithe

Question 10

Name two criticisms of the First Estate

Answer 10

• Pluralism
• Absenteeism

Question 11

What was the unpaid labour done by the third estate called?

Answer 11

Corvee Royale

Question 12

What were Sparrow Hawks?

Answer 12

Poor nobles with only titles

Question 13

What were Intendants?

Answer 13

Royal representatives who travelled around France to collect taxes.

Question 14

What is a remonstrance?

Answer 14

How parlement stopped royal laws from passing.

Question 15

What is a Lit de Justice?

Answer 15

The overturning of a remonstrance

Question 16

What is the pays d’etats?

Answer 16

An area that decides how much tax they pay

Question 17

What did Emmanuelle Sieyes do?

Answer 17

Wrote “what is the third estate?” and radicalised the third estate.

Question 18

What were philisophes?

Answer 18

French thinkers thinking about the enlightenment

Question 19

What were Salons?

Answer 19

A place where different estates would come together to discuss enlightenment.

Question 20

What were Libelles?

Answer 20

Books with cartoons instead of words for the third estate to read, radicalising them with anti-monarchical ideas

Question 21

Name three philisophes

Answer 21

• Voltaire
• Rousseau
• Montesquieu

Question 22

What book did Voltaire write?

Answer 22

Candide

Question 23

What did Voltaire believe?

Answer 23

• Critical of the church
• Questions divine right

Question 24

What did Rousseau believe in?

Answer 24

Social content

Question 25

What did Montesquieu believe in?

Answer 25

Separation of powers

Question 26

How much debt did Louis XVI inherit?

Answer 26

2 Billion livres

Question 27

How much debt did the American War of Independence land France in?

Answer 27

1.3B Livres

Question 28

How much did the debt increase by every year?

Answer 28

165 million livres / year

Question 29

What did Turgot do?

Answer 29

• Remove privileges
• Land tax
• Reduce royal expensive
• Oppose war

Question 30

What did Necker do?

Answer 30

• Reduce spending
• Royal budget
• Compte de Rendu
• Au Roi (lied about cash)
• Prevent venality
• Land tax

Question 31

What did Calonne do?

Answer 31

• Continue spending (to show confidence to lenders)
• Land tax abolished
• Vingtieme abolished
• Corvee royale abolished
• Reduce spending
• Parlement remonstrances
• Calls for assembly of notables
• Rubber stamp
• Bankruptcy declared in 1787

Question 32

When was bankruptcy declared in France

Answer 32

1787

Question 33

What date was the day of tiles?

Answer 33

7th June 1788

Question 34

When did Louis agree on an Estate General?

Answer 34

May 1788

Question 35

When was the OPENING of the Estates General?

Answer 35

5th May 1788