Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Organic Chemistry Year 10 > Revision > Flashcards

Revision Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Chemistry flashcards Periodic Table flashcards Chemistry 101 flashcards Organic Chemistry 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is a hydrocarbon

A

A compound made up only of carbon and hydrogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is a homologous series?

A

A family of molecules with similar chemical properties and a trend in physical properties

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the name of the element with 1 carbon?

A

Methane, CH4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the name of the element with 2 carbons?

A

Ethane, C2H6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the name of the element with 3 carbons?

A

Propane, C3H8

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the name of the element with 4 carbons?

A

Butane, C4H10

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the name of the element with 5 carbons?

A

Pentane, C5H12

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the name of the element with 6 carbons?

A

Hexane, C6H14

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the general formula for alkanes?

A

C n H 2n+2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is crude oil?

A

A mixture of hydrocarbons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Describe fractional distillation of crude oil

A

Heated crude oil enters the column which is hot at the bottom and cool at the top.
Vapors rise, condense when they cool and come out the column at different heights.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the short chain hydrocarbons at the top (coolest) part of the column, and what can they be used for?

A

Refinery gases- domestic heating and cooking

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the second brightest in the column and what can it be used for?

A

Gasoline-fuel for cars

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the third highest in the column and what can it be used for?

A

Kerosene- for aircraft

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is third lowest in the column and what can it be used for?

A

Diesel- fuel for some cars and trains

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is and what can the second lowest in the column be used for

A

Fuel oil- ships and power stations

17
Q

What is lowest in the column and what can it be used for?

A

Bitumen- roads and roofs

18
Q

What is fuel?

A

A substance that when burned, creates energy

19
Q

What are the products of complete combustion?

A

Carbon dioxide and water

20
Q

What are the products of incomplete combustion(when there’s not enough air)?

A

Carbon MONOXIDE and water

21
Q

What happens if there’s even less oxygen in the incomplete combustion?

A

Soot and water are produced

22
Q

Why is carbon monoxide poisonous?

A

Because it replaces oxygen in your red blood cells, causing death by asphyxiation

23
Q

What aspect of car engines causes nitrogen oxides?

A

The hot engine which allows nitrogen and oxygen to react

24
Q

How and what does combustion of some impurities in hydrocarbon fuel create?

A

Some fuels contain sulphur, meaning when they’re combusted they create sulfur dioxide

25
Q

How do sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide contribute to acid rain?

A

They dissolve in rain water to make acids

26
Q

How does catalytic cracking work?

A

The large hydrocarbons are heated to 600-700C to vaporize them. Then they are passed over a catalyst of silica or alumina which breaks covalent bonds, cracking the hydrocarbons

27
Q

What is a saturated hydrocarbon?

A

One with only single bonds

Organic Chemistry Year 10 (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions