Revision

Question 1

What is RAM

Answer 1

Random Access Memory:

Where runtime (data generated during program execution) data are stored.

Question 2

What is ROM

Answer 2

Read Only Memory:

Stores data temporarily like instruction and fixed data

Question 3

Which component determins frequency in a microprocessor?

Answer 3

The clock

Question 4

A microprocessor system has 16M addressable locations. What is the minimum size of the ADDRESS bus to accommodate this?

Answer 4

24

Question 5

What are buses within a processor?

Answer 5

the main means of communication

Question 6

What are the 3 types of bus?

Answer 6

control, address, data

Question 7

What does the control bus do?

Answer 7

carriers commands from processor to components

Question 8

what does the address bus do?

Answer 8

used by the processor to transfer data between devices that are identified by specific locations

Question 9

what does that data bus do?

Answer 9

carriers values after a read or to be written

multiple of 8 bits are sent at a time

Question 10

What does PCI stand for?

Answer 10

Peripheral Component Interconnect

Question 11

What is a PCI?

Answer 11

any piece of computer hardware that plugs directly into a PCI slot on a computer

Question 12

how do you process bitwise NOT operations

Answer 12

flip the 1’s and 0’s for eg 1010 –> 0101

Question 13

how do you process bitwise AND operations

Answer 13

multiple the bits together for e.g. 1100 AND 1001 = 1000

Question 14

how do you process bitwise OR operations

Answer 14

put the binary numbers ontop of each other and always take the positive value

if two 0’s are above each other then that will equal a 0

for e.g. 1100 OR 1001 = 1101

Question 15

how do you process bitwise XOR operations

Answer 15

if both bits are a 0 or a 1 then put 0.

otherwise put 1

Question 16

What does the fetch execute cycle do?

Answer 16

when a computer receives an instruction from a program in memory, decodes the instruction and carriers out the instuction

Question 17

What is the steps of the fetch cycle?

Answer 17

1. Instruction from PC go to the address bus via the memory address register
2. memory responds with the data content inside that address
3. repsonse moves from the address bus to the instruction register via the memory data register
4. programe counter increased by 1

Question 18

what are the steps of the execute cycle?

Answer 18

1. the bit pattern in the instruction register triggers specific control unit circuitry and decodes the instruction
2. Appropriate signals are sent to other components to carry out the actions specified by the instruction
3. if the instruction had operands, more bytes are read from memory. These cause more PC increments.