Revision Flashcards
1
Q
An aldehyde is reduced to…
A
A primary alcohol
2
Q
A primary alcohol is oxidised to…
A
An aldehyde
3
Q
A ketone is reduced to…
A
A secondary alcohol
4
Q
A secondary alcohol is oxidised to…
A
A ketone
5
Q
Alcohol + carboxylic acid =
A
Ester
6
Q
Monosaccharides
A
- simple sugars
- soluble in water
- e.g. glucose, fructose and galactose
7
Q
Disaccharides
A
- two monosaccharides joined together
- soluble in water
- sucrose: glucose and fructose
- lactose: glucose and galactose
- maltose: glucose + glucose
8
Q
Polysaccharides
A
- many mono or disaccharides joined together
- insoluble in cold water (heat is required to break bonds)
- starch and cellulose are naturally occuring polysaccharides in plants
9
Q
Alpha and beta Haworth projections
A
- The joined cyclical versions of Fischer projections
- An O atom is at the joined section instead of an OH at the end of the unjoined cycle
- Alpha: two of the same molecules on the same plane
- Beta: two of the same molecules on different planes
10
Q
Primary alcohol
A
One carbon attached to the carbon where the alcohol is
11
Q
Secondary alcohol
A
Two carbons attached to the carbon where the alcohol is
12
Q
Tertiary alcohol
A
Three carbons attached to the carbon where the alcohol is
13
Q
Primary amine
A
One carbon attached to the amine
14
Q
Secondary amine
A
Two carbons attached to the amine
15
Q
Tertiary amine
A
Three carbons attached to the amine
