Revision - 4 Flashcards
Frequency of sound waves roughly corresponds to our perception of …
Timbre
In the human cochlea, the part of the basilar membrane furthest from the oval window codes …
Low frequencies
This sequence is the correct auditory route to the cortex:
1) Cochlear nucleus
2) Superior olivary complex
3) Inferior colliculus
4) Medial geniculate
5) Auditory cortex
Which system is the somatosensory system most closely linked?
The motor system
Proprioception is the perception of …
The location of one’s body in space
The primary somatosensory cortex is found in the ___, while the secondary somatosensory cortex is located in the ___
Postcentral gyrus,
Parietal lobe
What will cause a muscle to relax?
The absence of acetylcholine
A sudden stretch of a muscle starts a feedback system that opposes the
stretch. Where does the reflex message start?
Muscle spindles
What is the characteristic of a ballistic reflex movement?
It proceeds automatically, once it has been triggered
The amplitude of a sound wave translates to …
Intensity of sound
Sound levels above ___dB produce pain
130
Your ability to distinguish between the same note played on a clarinet versus a piano is due to the tone’s …
Timbre
What is not part of the middle or inner ear?
Pinna
Which structure is responsible for translating vibrations in the inner ear into neural messages?
Organ of corti
Which area is activated by complex types of stimuli, such as clicks or general bursts of noise?
Secondary auditory cortex
Most frequencies are systematically encoded by the auditory system through tonotopic organization. What does this mean?
Different frequencies are processed in different locations
Binaural neurons are involved in localisation of sound are located in the …
Superior olive
Hearing loss resulting from problems in the outer or middle ears is referred to as …
Conduction lost
Vibrations from a loud stereo can be sensed by your …
Pacinian corpuscles
What mechanoreceptor has a small receptive field and rapid rates of adaptation?
Meissner’s corpuscles
If warm water activates your warm receptors, which fibers would you expect to be activated?
C fibres
Cochlear implants work by …
Stimulating the auditory nerve electrically
The sensory organs of the vestibular system are found in the …
Inner ear
Olfaction begins with the …
Detection of molecules suspended in the air.
The neural receptors for olfaction are contained within the …
Olfactory epithelium
Olfaction is unique among the major senses in that …
Information travels to the neocortex without first synapsing in the thalamus
Food substances need to be dissolved in ___ in order to be tasted
Saliva
Which nucleus in the thalamus receives information regarding taste?
Ventral posterior medial nucleus
Blocking the release of what neurotransmitter would cause problems with movement at the neuromuscular junction?
Acetylcholine
Muscles that straighten joints are referred to as …
Extensors
The spinal motor neurons directly responsible for contracting muscles are
known as …
Alpha motor neurons
Without ___ the intrafusal fibers could not give the brain accurate information about how far the muscle was stretched which gives fine limb position
Gamma motor neurons
Without ___ we would not get information regarding the degree of muscle contraction or force
Golgi tendon orgnas
When we stretch, we receive information about how far we’re stretching from …
Muscle spindles
The patellar tendon reflex, or knee-jerk reflex, is an example of a …
Monosynaptic reflex
