Revision 1 Flashcards
What are the three domains of living organisms?
Bacteria
Archaea
Eukarya
Is bacteria prokaryotic or eukaryotic?
Prokaryotic
Is archaea prokaryotic or eukaryotic?
Prokaryotic
Is eukarya prokaryotic or eukaryotic?
Eukaryotic
What is the 4 kingdoms in Domain eukarya?
Protista
Fungi
Plantae
Animalia
What is the order of the classification terms?
Domain
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
What are the three methods of movement in Protozoa?
Pseudopodia
Cilia
Flagella
Give an example of pseudopodia
Amoeba proteus
Give an example of cilia
Paramoecium
Give an example of flagella
Giardia
Describe pseudopodia
Projections of cytoplasm that allow the cell to constantly move and change shape
Describe cilia
Tiny hair like projections that beat in an organised way allowing the cell to move
Describe flagella
Similar structure to cilia except singular. They beat in a plane or 3D movement allowing the cell to spin
What are the 4 general characteristics of all members of kingdom Animalia?
Multi cellular except phylum Porifera
They are Heterotrophs
They are diploid
Their life cycle consists of embryonic development
What does bilateral symmetry mean? Use an example of an organism
Symmetry about a line has definite left and right side and only a longitudinal line would cut the animal in half e.g. lobster
What does radial symmetry mean? Use an example of an organism
Symmetry about a point, two identical half’s are formed no matter how the animal is cut longitudinally e.g. coral
Which is associated with evolved animals radial or bilateral symmetry?
Bilateral symmetry
What are spicules in relation to sponges ?
Make up a type of internal skeleton
What are gemmules in relation to sponges?
Groups of sponges that can later germinate into new sponges
Describe the structure and function of nematocysts in jellyfish
Nematocysts are coiled tube threads that might bear barbs and are often poisoned. They drive their threads with barbs with poison into the victim or prey and cause rapid increase in hydrostatic pressure.
What are 4 ways members of phylum Platyhelminthes are adapted to parasitic mode of living?
Most have suckers for attachment to the host
Have very tough tegument that prevents digestion by host enzymes
Some lack a digestive system and simply absorb nutrients directly from the host
Most of the body is taken up by reproductive system
What is coelom?
A cavity within the mesoderm
Why was the development of coelom important in the evolution of animals ?
It allowed the organs of early coelomate animals the potential to increase in size and activity.
What does autotroph mean?
Organisms that can produce their own food
What does heterotroph mean?
Organism that can’t produce its own food
What does chemotroph mean?
Organism that obtains energy by oxidation of electron donors in their environment
What does phototroph mean?
Organisms that use light energy for certain metabolic functions
What does hermaphrodite (monoecious) mean?
Has male and female parts
What does dioecious mean ?
Has either male or female parts not both
What does polymorphism mean?
Several different forms of the same species
What does sessile mean?
Fixed to the one place, immobile
What does diploblastic mean?
Two cell layers and no coelom
What does triploblastic mean?
Three cell layers and no coelom
What does exoparasite mean?
Lives on the outer surface of the host
What does endoparasite mean?
Parasite that lives inside its host
What does acoelomate mean?
Organism with no body cavity
What does pseudocoelomate mean?
An organism with a false body cavity
What does coelomate mean?
Organism with a true body cavity
