Revise terms Flashcards
What does the term “Availability of data” mean?
This is about making sure that data is available when it is needed. Ideally the data will have a 100% availability at the times when it will be needed.
What does the term “Cyber Security” mean?
Cyber security is the processes, practices and technologies which are designed to protect networks, computers, programs and data/information from attack, damage or unauthorised access.
What does the term “Denial of Service” mean?
An attempt to disrupt a network/business/organisation by issuing more requests than a system is able to cope with, it can be performed with malicious intent or as a protest.
What is the difference between cyber- criminals
and cyber terrorists?
A cyber criminal is an individual who commits illegal activities using computers and the Internet.
A cyber terrorist is person who uses computers and the Internet to cause deliberate fear and disruption for political reasons.
What is a hacker?
A hacker is a person who gains unauthorised access to a computer system/network, for any reason – good or bad.
What is a phisher?
A phisher is an individual that attempts to acquire personal information, often for malicious reasons, such as fraud, by pretending to be a known and
trusted individual or organisation.
What is a scammer?
A scammer is someone who uses existing computer scripts or codes to hack into computer systems. They do not have the expertise to write their own code.
What does the term “Encryption” mean?
A method that is used to attempt to ensure data security by use of encrypted (secret) code. In order to read the contents of an encrypted message or file, someone must have access to a secret key or password that will enable them to decrypt the message or file.
What does the term “impacts of a cyber security incident” mean?
This is the effect that a cyber-attack could have on an individual or organisation. For a business it could mean that customers lose confidence and stop using that business. For individuals it might mean they lose money, if access is gained to their bank account.
Describe the importance of cyber security
Cyber security has become an essential part of overall security. It affects individuals, as well as businesses, governments and other organisations. As the use of the internet for communication and data transfer increases, the opportunities for cyber criminals to illegally access data grows. This is why cyber security is so important.
What does the term “Integrity of information” mean?
This is all about preventing data from being deleted or modified, so that it will be safely stored for as long as needed.
What does the term “Logical protection measures” mean?
These are computer based protections that only exist within IT systems. These are things like antivirus applications, firewalls (hardware and software), encryption, strong passwords, etc.
What does the term “Physical protection measures” mean?
These are things that you can physically see and touch: lockable cupboards, key coded locks on doors, fingerprint readers, fire and flood protection methods etc.
What does the term “Risk” mean?
A threat to a computer system/network can result in a risk, for example, if a hacker gains access to a person’s computer, there is a risk that data will
be stolen.
What does the term “Vulnerabilities” mean?
These are potential weak points in security measures. By knowing what the vulnerabilities of an IT system are, it makes improving cyber security more straightforward.
What can Malware affect?
Malware can affect all types of devices, running all types of operating systems
Why do people attack IT systems? (List at least 3 reasons)
Show off abilities Thrill/Adrenaline As a challenge Bragging Identify security breaches Idealism Financial gain Intentions of terrorism Government/Militant orders
What does the term “Malware” mean?
It is malicious software specifically designed to disrupt, damage, or gain unauthorized access to a computer system.
List three different types of malware.
Virus Adware Rootkit Spyware Ransomware Trojan Horse Remote access Worm Keylogger
What does the malware term “Virus” mean?
A computer virus is a malicious software program loaded onto a user’s computer without the user’s knowledge and performs malicious actions. It can self-replicate, inserting itself onto other programs or files, infecting them in the process.
What does the malware term “Rootkit” mean?
A set of software tools that enable an unauthorised user to gain control of a computer system without being detected.
What does the malware term “Adware” mean?
It is software used by a hacker to gain constant administrator-level access to a computer or network
What does the malware term “Spyware” mean?
It is software designed to ‘spy’ on the computer. It can capture information like Web browsing habits, e-mail messages, usernames and passwords, and credit card information.
What does the malware term “Ransomware” mean?
It is software designed to hold the computer’s data hostage until a ransom fee has been paid. Often introduced to the computer via a worm or trojan.
