Reviews and Testing Flashcards
An evaluation of a life-cycle work product(s) or project status to determine if there are any deviations from planned results and to recommend improvement.
Review
Any condition that deviates from expectations based on requirements specifications, design documents, standards, plans, and so on, or from someone’s experiences.
Anomaly (defect)
A formal evaluation of a project-level plan or project progress relative to that plan by a designated review team.
Management review
Milestones might be linked to customer involvement and even contract payments such as in the defense world of conducting PDRs and CDRs.
What does PDR stand for?
Preliminary Design Review
Milestones might be linked to customer involvement and even contract payments such as in the defense world of conducting PDRs and CDRs.
What does CDR stand for?
Critical Design Review
An informal verification technique in which the life-cycle work product is examined by the author and one other person.
Buddy check
A formal team evaluation of a life-cycle work product to:
- Identify any discrepancies from specifications and standards.
- Determine its suitability for use.
- Provide recommendations after the examination of various alternatives.
Technical review
Technical reviews are typically used for the classic design reviews such as PDRs, CDRs, and TRRs.
What does TRR stand for?
Test Readiness Review
A formal verification technique in which life-cycle work products are examined in detail by a group of peers for the explicit purpose of detecting and identifying defects.
Inspection
A quality control function in that it is used to verify the functionality and performance of life-cycle work products or product components as they move through the product life cycle.
Testing
___ testing is a process of testing the individual components, subsystems, hardware components such as programmable logic arrays, and software components such as subprograms, subroutines, or procedures.
Unit
The objective of ___ testing is to test component interfaces and confirm that the components meet the interface requirements and that the components can indeed be assembled.
integration
___ testing is the first time at which the entire system can be tested against the system requirements specifications.
Systems
The purpose of ___ testing is to confirm that a system is ready for operational use and that the confidence built up in systems testing is justified.
acceptance
___ testing is the execution of a series of tests to check that modifications to parts of an existing system will not negatively affect other working components or sybsystems.
Regression
The process of finding areas of a program not exercised by a set of test cases, creating additional test cases to increase coverage, and determining a quantitative measure of code coverage that serves an indirect measure of quality.
Test coverage analysis
___ coverage measures whether each executable statement is encountered.
Statement
___ coverage measures whether Boolean expressions tested in control structures are evaluated to both true and false.
Decision
___ coverage measures the true or false outcome of each Boolean subexpression.
Condition
___ coverage measures whether every possible combination of Boolean subexpression occurs.
Multiple condition
___ coverage measures whether each of the possible paths in each function has been followed.
Path
Test case design technique. Tests that exercise all decision point outcomes at least once, and ensure that all statements or entry points are executed at least once.
Logic coverage
Test case design technique. Defines condition or error classes to help reduce the number of finite tests. Assumes that a test of a representative value within a class also tests all values or conditions within that class.
Equivalence partitioning
Test case design technique. Tests each edge condition of an equivalence class; also considers output equivalence classes as well as input classes.
Boundary value analysis
Test case design technique. Produces Boolean graphical representations of potential test case results to aid in selecting efficient and complete test cases.
Cause-effect graphing
Test case design technique. Produces test cases based on intuitive and expert knowledge of test team members to define potential software errors to facilitate efficient test case design.
Error guessing
An evaluation of a life-cycle work product(s) or project status to determine if there are any deviations from planned results and to recommend improvement.
Review
Human-based testing.
Peer review
Any condition that deviates from expectations based on requirements specifications, design documents, standards, plans, and so on, or from someone’s experiences.
Anomaly (defect)
A formal evaluation of a project-level plan or project progress relative to that plan by a designated review team.
Management review
An informal verification technique in which the life-cycle work product is examined by the author and one other person.
Buddy check
The life-cycle work product is circulated to each reviewer who reviews it and either attaches comments, questions, and recommendations directly on the life-cycle work product or places them into a separate document.
Circulation review
A formal team evaluation of a life-cycle work product to:
- Identify any discrepancies from specifications and standards.
- Determine its suitability for use.
- Provide recommendations after the examination of various alternatives.
Technical review
A formal verification technique in which life-cycle work products are examined in detail by a group of peers for the explicit purpose of detecting and identifying defects.
Inspections
Designed to be a less formal verification technique in which life-cycle work products are examined by a group of peers for the purpose of finding defects, omissions, and contradictions. Normally led by the author or the producer of the material being reviewed.
Walkthrough
___ walkthroughs are more closely aligned with inspections than the informal walkthrough.
Structured
Step in the inspection process. The inspection process is only entered when a specified set of entry criteria have been met.
Entry
Step in the inspection process. The moderator is responsible for leading the inspection planning effort.
Planning
Step in the inspection process. The moderator conducts a “kickoff” meeting prior to checking.
Kickoff
Step in the inspection process. Each inspection team member inspects the life-cycle work product and logs possible major and minor defects.
Checking
Step in the inspection process. This is the part of the inspection where the reviewers meet face to face to log and consolidate the defects found during their individual checking period.
Logging
Step in the inspection process. The analysis sub-process of the inspection process is a phase I created by separating it from the logging phase.
Analyzing
Step in the inspection process. Immediately, if possible, or shortly after the logging and analysis meeting, time may be allotted to brainstorming the defect causes and process improvements to prevent these causes.
Process Improvement Brainstorming.
Step in the inspection process. Some written action, including corrective action, must be carried out by the author or an editor.
Edit
Step in the inspection process. The moderator determines whether the formal exit criteria have been met before signing off on completion of the inspection process.
Exit
A quality control function in that it is used to verify the functionality and performance of life-cycle work products or product components as they move through the products life cycle.
Testing
___ testing is a process of testing the individual components, subsystems, hardware components such as programmable logic arrays, and software components such as subprograms, subroutines, or procedures.
Unit
The objective of ___ testing is to test component interfaces and confirm that the components meet the interface requirements and that the components can indeed be assembled.
integration
___ testing is the first time at which the entire system can be tested against the systems requirements specifications.
Systems
The purpose of ___ testing is to confirm that a system is ready for operational use and that the confidence built up in systems testing is justified.
acceptance
___ testing is the execution of a series of tests to check that modifications to parts of an existing system will not negatively affect other working components or subsystems.
Regression
___ coverage measures whether each executable statement is encountered.
Statement
The process of finding areas of a program not exercised by a set of test cases, creating additional test cases to increase coverage, and determining a quantitative measure of code coverage that serves an indirect measure of quality.
Test coverage analysis
___ coverage measures whether Boolean expressions tested in control structures are evaluated to both true and false.
Decision
___ coverage measures the true or false outcome of each Boolean subexpression.
Condition
___ coverage measures whether every possible combination of Boolean sub-expression occurs.
Multiple condition
___ coverage measures whether each of the possible paths in each function has been followed.
path
___ testing involves the testing of individual hardware or software units or groups of related items prior to integration of those items.
Unit
The master ___ contains general, high-level information regarding unit testing, integration testing, and hardware/software system testing.
software test plan
The ___ is intended to guide the testing and verification of all functions within each coded program module and subsystem before it is integrated and system tested.
unit test specifications/procedure
What is not a part of a test strategy?
a) QA deliverables
b) Scope of testing
c) Test scenarios
d) References
c) Test scenarios
(T/F) A test plan is created for each feature.
True
(T/F) Acceptance criteria is written for each feature.
False
The definition of done specifies when ___.
a) automation testing has been completed
b) a developer says a feature is complete
c) a piece of functionality has completed development
d) testing is complete
d) testing is complete
Which technique is used to test the entire logic or source code of a program?
a) Unit
b) Black-box
c) Smoke
d) White-box
d) White-box
Which technique is used to test a program according to specifications?
a) Unit
b) Black-box
c) Smoke
d) White-box
b) Black-box
___ testing focuses on the interaction between application components.
Integration
Integration tests are ___ box tests.
gray
___ testing benchmarks how a system performs under load.
Performance
Performance testing is a type of ___ box testing.
black
___ testing checks the application’s ability to perform under user loads.
Load
___ testing checks how an application handles load over time.
Endurance
___ testing involves testing an application under extreme workloads. It is used for testing scalability.
Stress
___ testing exposes problems in the application that can cause unexpected behavior or crashes.
Security
Used to insert database statements into text fields and expose application information.
SQL injection
An attack where hackers try to take down an application’s servers or network.
DoS
DoS is an attack where hackers try to take down an application’s servers or network.
What does DoS stand for?
Denial of Service
___ in dependencies can cause massive security problems.
Vulnerabilities
___ box testing examines the interaction between the outside and inside of a box.
gray
(T/F) Manual testing should be performed based on scenarios in a test plan.
True
(T/F) All scenarios from a test plan should be written as UI automation tests.
False
Integration testing focuses on the ___ between components.
a) development
b) interaction
c) edge cases
d) test scenarios
b) interaction
What type of testing is done to make sure that the software can handle the expected load over a long period of time?
endurance testing
(T/F) Security testing is performed to reveal flaws or vulnerabilities that can be exposed in an application by users.
True
Which testing process validates a program’s specifications?
Functional
___ testing is the process of finding discrepancies between a program and a set of external specifications.
Functional
Which testing process determines how well a program behaves during failure and/or data loss?
Recovery
___ testing is used to determine how well a program recovers in the event of failure or data loss.
Recovery
Which testing process includes collaboration with the customer in continuous testing across multiple iterations of a project?
a) Recovery
b) Functional
c) Stress
d) Agile
d) Agile
___ testing includes multiple iterations where collaboration on development and testing with the customer is key.
Agile
___ testing is used to determine how well a program recovers in the event of failure or data loss.
Recovery
___ testing is the process of finding discrepancies between a program and a set of external specifications.
Functional
___ testing is the process of testing a heavy load on a program or network.
Stress
What is a challenge in verifying the functionality of mobile applications on a device?
a) Diversity
b) Screen resolution
c) Testing tools
d) Battery power
a) Diversity
___ testing is the process of testing individual components that make up a program.
Module (unit)
Which unit test combines the current module with the previously tested module?
a) Stress
b) Non-incremental
c) Reductive
d) Incremental
d) Incremental
In the ___ testing process, modules are combined with the previously tested module.
incremental
___ testing/debugging is the process of removing components until an issue in the code is located.
Reductive
In ___ testing, modules are individually tested.
non-incremental
___ testing is the process of testing a heavy load on an application or network.
Stress
Which unit test starts with the terminal modules in the program?
a) Top-down
b) Non-incremental
c) Bottom-up
d) Incremental
c) Bottom-up
___ testing starts with the terminal modules.
Bottum-up
A ___ module is a module that does not call other modules.
terminal
___ testing starts with the modules that call other modules.
Top-down
In ___ testing, modules are individually tested.
non-incremental
In the ___ testing process, modules are combined with the previously tested module.
Incremental
