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PHILOSOPHY > REVIEWER NI MA'AM PJ > Flashcards

REVIEWER NI MA'AM PJ Flashcards

1
Q

BENEFIT OF STUDYING PHILOSOPHY

A

We can develop our ability
to critically on a variety of ideas and social issues.

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2
Q

PHILOSOPHY AND AREAS OF INQUIRY

A

A- ART
S- SCIENCE
P- POLITICS

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3
Q

BRANCHES OF PHILOSOPHY

A

M- METAPHYSICS
L- LOGIC
A- AESTHETICS
E- EPISTEMOLOGY
E- ETHICS
E- ENVIRONMENTAL PHILOSOPHY

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4
Q

Mainly focused on answering questions related to what is real.

A

METAPHYSICS

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5
Q

Focuses on reasoning and sound argument

A

LOGIC

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6
Q

Objective standards for determining what is beautiful

A

AESTHETICS

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7
Q

Deals with rightness and wrongness of actions.

A

ETHICS

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8
Q

Branch of philosophy that is concerned with the natural environment and human beings’ place within it.

A

ENVIRONMENTAL PHILOSOPHY

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9
Q

synthesis of knowledge and experiences into insights that deepen one’s understanding.

A

WISDOM

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10
Q

branch of philosophy that deals with knowledge.

A

EPISTEMOLOGY

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11
Q

accumulation of facts and information

A

KNOWLEDGE

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12
Q

is a statement of belief that may or may not be backed up by facts, but cannot be proven true or false.

A

OPINION

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13
Q

analysis based on facts, and is measurable and observable.

A

OBJECTIVE INFORMATION

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14
Q

Is the analysis based on personal opinions, interpretations, points of view, emotions, and judgment.

A

SUBJECTIVE INFORMATION

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15
Q

FALLACIES

A

A- APPEAL TO PITY
A- APPEAL TO IGNORANCE
A- APPEAL TO PEOPLE
A- AGAINST A PERSON
E- EQUIVOCATION
H- HASTY GENERALIZATION
C- COMPOSITION
D- DIVISION
A- APPEAL TO FORCE
F- FALSE CAUSE
B- BEGGING THE QUESTION

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16
Q

Someone tries to win support for an argument or idea by exploiting his or her opponent’s pity.

A

APPEAL TO PITY

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17
Q

It says the notion is true because it has not yet been proven false and vice versa

A

APPEAL TO IGNORANCE

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18
Q

A proposition must be true because many or most people believe it. “If many believe so, it is so”

A

APPEAL TO PEOPLE

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19
Q

Attacking the person who asserts the argument to
disprove his/her claim. Attacking the person being
talked about to justify the argument about him/her.

A

AGAINST A PERSON

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20
Q

Double meaning of a term or word. Confusing meanings.

A

EQUIVOCATION

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21
Q

Generalization based on insufficient evidence.

A

HASTY GENERALIZATION

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22
Q

Something is true of the whole from the fact that it is true of some part of the whole.

A

COMPOSITION

23
Q

Involves an inference from the attribution of some feature to an entire class to the possession of the same features by each of its individual members.

A

DIVISION

24
Q

The fallacy committed when one appeals to force or the threat of force to bring about the acceptance of a conclusion.

A

APPEAL TO FORCE

25
Q

Category of informal fallacies in which a cause is incorrectly identified. Concluding that one thing caused another, simply because they are regularly associated.

A

FALSE CAUSE

26
Q

Any form of argument where the conclusion is assumed in one of the premises

A

BEGGING THE QUESTION

27
Q

Is the use of invalid or otherwise faulty
reasoning, or wrong moves in the construction of an
argument. It may be created unintentionally or it may
be created intentionally in order to deceive other
people.

A

FALLACY

28
Q

IMPORTANT PEOPLE OF PHILOSOPHY TO REMEMBER:

A

MILETUS
ANAXIMANDER
SOCRATES
PLATO
ARISTOTLE

29
Q

Greatest and wealthiest of Greek Cities

A

MILETUS

30
Q

Known for boldly using a not-mythological approach

A

ANAXIMANDER

31
Q

One of the well-known Western/Greek Philosophers.

A

SOCRATES

32
Q

Known for his theory of DUALISM.

A

PLATO

33
Q

This is the theory that states that the mental and the physical- or mind and body or mind and brain are distinct and separable modes

A

DUALISM

34
Q

Known for his theory of MONISM.

A

ARISTOTLE

35
Q

This is a theory that believes that our soul cannot exist apart from the body” or soul cannot exist independently of the body

A

MONISM

36
Q

Refers to the relation of the self to the object-oriented world, as well as our concrete relations with others.

A

TRANSCENDENCE

37
Q

Transcendence originated from the words Trans, meaning “____ beyond”, and scandare, meaning “_______”

A

Go, Climb

38
Q

Nature of Human Personhood under Dharmic religions it is important to be aware of what are the actions that human should have. It is the sum of person’s action and a deciding factor of fate in future existence, this fate will defend on what we are doing whether it is good or bad.

A

KARMA

39
Q

The continuous cycle of birth and death (Reincarnation).

A

SAMSARA

40
Q

Each and everyone needs to be enlightened and we need proper guidelines in achieving them, this signifies the state of enlightenment & oneness according to Brahman.

A

MOKSHA

41
Q

Things in our life that are already given;
*Givens that was acquired through birth
*Details that surround us in the environment (ex. Language, decisions, etc.)

A

FACTICITY

42
Q

Our life here on earth has its own expiration, the day and the day when it will come is truly unpredictable in preparation what is does mean finite quality of state of existence (“we cannot live forever”)

A

FINITUDE

43
Q

LIMITATION

A

FACTICITY
SPATIAL TEMPORAL BEING
BODY AS INTERMEDIARY

44
Q

a sub-discipline under environmental philosophy that studies the moral relationship of human beings to the environment.

A

ENVIRONMENTAL ETHICS

45
Q

The power that allows for the basics of existence– nourishment, growth, reproduction.

A

VEGETATIVE SOUL

46
Q

A philosophical perspective affirming humans’ ability and responsibility to lead ethical lives toward personal fulfillment

A

HUMANISM

47
Q

Specific to human beings only and is the soul responsible for reason and thinking.

A

INTELLECTUAL/ RATIONAL SOUL

48
Q

A human-centered philosophical viewpoint arguing that human beings are the central or most significant entities in the world.

A

ANTHROPOCENTRISM

49
Q

A philosophical perspective that holds that Earth’s ecology and ecosystems (including its atmosphere, water, land, and all life forms) have intrinsic value.

A

ECOCENTRISM

50
Q

Study of the relationships between living organisms, including humans, and their physical environment

A

ECOLOGY

51
Q

A philosophical perspective that implies that all living organism including plants are deserving of equal moral and ethical considerations.

A

BIOCENTRISM

52
Q

Refers to the structural and functional unit of ecology. It is defined as the interaction between organisms and the surrounding environment.

A

ECOSYSTEM

53
Q

He is an Australian moral philosopher for him humans have moral obligation to not cause or inflict pain to animal.

A

PETER SINGER

54
Q

Theory that implies that the whole system cannot be determined or explained by its component parts alone. Parts cannot exist independently of the whole

A

HOLISM

PHILOSOPHY (1 decks)

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