REVIEWER Flashcards
Were the first to develop systems
that became the framework of
Greek astronomy on the other hand, Americans, Chinese and Indians
developed their own?
Babylonian and Egyptian astronomers
Two famous philosophers that
offered argument for the spherical
nature of the Earth
Empedocles and Anaxagoras
A celestial body distinguished from the fixed stars by having an apparent motion of its own(including the moon and sun), especial y with reference to its supposed influence on people and events.
Planet
Is the star at the center of the Solar System.
Sun
It is a nearly perfect sphere of hot plasma, heated to incandescence by nuclear fusion reactions in its core,
radiating the energy mainly as light and infrared radiation.
Sun
It is by far the most important
source of energy for life on Earth.
Sun
An object in space that orbits or
circles around a bigger object?
Satellite
There are two kinds of satellites what is it?
- Natural (such as the moon orbiting the Earth)
- Artificial (such as the International Space Station orbiting the Earth).
Are small, rocky objects that orbit the Sun, but they are much smaller than planets.
Asteroid
An icy, small Solar System body that, when passing close to the Sun, warms and begins to release gases, a process called outgassing
Comet
A Danish astronomer, nobleman and writer born the Danish peninsula of Scania and is known for his accurate observations of the movement of celestial bodies.
Tycho Brahe
The successor of King Frederic II and a German astronomer, mathematician, and astrologer moved to Prague in 1599 where he was supported by Emperor Rudolf II.
Johannes Kepler
Brahe’s assistant?
Kepler
Named after the Roman emperor and was useful in determining the positions of the planets for the past 1000 years and the future 1000 years
Rudolphine Tables
It describes that the actual path followed by the planets was elliptical, not circular, with the Sun at one focus of the ellipse.
Law of Ellipses
It states that when an imaginary line is drawn from the center of the Sun to the center of a planet, the line will sweep out an equal area of space in equal time intervals.
The Law of Equal Areas
It states that that the ratio of the squares of the periods of two planets is equal to the ratio of the cubes of the average distances of these two planets from the Sun or: where the subscript 1 indicates planet 1 and subscript 2 indicates planet 2.
The Law of Harmonies
A comparison between the motion characteristics of different planets, describes that the square of a planet’s orbital period (T2) is proportional to the cube of a planet’s average distance from the Sun (R3)
The Law of Harmonies
Offered arguments for the spherical nature of the Earth. During a lunar eclipse, when the Earth is between the sun and the moon, they identified the shadow of the Earth on the moon
Empedocles and Anaxagoras
Figure out the size of the Earth based on information available during a lunar eclipse
Aristarchus of Samos
Estimated Earth’s circumference around 240 B.C. He used a different approach, measuring the shadows cast in Alexandria and Syrene to calculate their angle relative to the Sun.
Erastosthenes
Two primary kinds of celestial objects
The fixed stars and wandering stars
Stars that seem to have a fix point in the sky and move all together from night to night.
Fixed Star
Do not have a fixed point and they move according to a different system.
Wandering Star
