Review Tx

Question 1

Ankyloglossia

Answer 1

Frenulectomy

Question 2

DDH

Answer 2

Pavlik harness

Question 3

Bacterial conjunctivitis

Answer 3

Cause: chlamydia
Tx: Ointment for infants, drops for big kids- treat both eyes!

Question 4

Viral conjunctivitis

Answer 4

Cause: Adenovirus
Tx: Self limited. return to daycare when fever and URI Sx go away

Question 5

Allergic conjunctivitis

Answer 5

Reduce exposure

Olopatadine if 2+ y/o

Question 6

Periorbital cellulitis

Answer 6

Cause: exogenous source (staph strep Hib)
Tx: Ceftriaxone IM, then Augmentin or Clindamycin

Question 7

Orbital cellulitis

Answer 7

Cause: Staph aureus, Strep
Tx: IV Ceftriaxone, Clindamycin, Unasym, Vancomycin

Question 8

Kawasaki

Answer 8

Cause: unknown widespread inflammation of arteries
Tx: IVIG + ASA
no live vaccines for 11 months

Question 9

Corneal abrasion

Answer 9

Erythromycin ointment and eye patch

no patch if you wear contacts

Question 10

Dacryostenosis

Answer 10

Lacrimal massage downwards for 2-3 days

If persists>6 months, refer for probing

Question 11

Dacryocystitis

Answer 11

cause” staph aureus, strep, moraxella, H influenza
Tx: mild = PO abx
severe = IV abx after you culture and stain

Question 12

AOM

Answer 12

cause: ET dysfxn, H influenza, strep pneumo, moraxella
Tx: if 0-2 or >2 and severe: Amoxicillin (or augmentin) // Cefdinir, Macrolide, or Clindamycin if allergic*
if >2 and mild, watch 48 hr
PE tubes: Ciprodex

Question 13

Serous otitis media

Answer 13

Self limited, 12 weeks

NO steroids antihistamines of decongestants in kids

Question 14

Otitis externa

Answer 14

Ciprodex
Hydrocortisone for swelling
prevent with 50/50 alcohol and vinegar

Question 15

Allergic rhinitis

Answer 15

cause: smoke, atopic triad
Tx: 2+ Nasacort; 4+ flonase; Ceftrizine; Olopatadine; Trigger avoidance
immune therapy

Question 16

Sinusitis

Answer 16

cause: viral! if bacterial, Strep
Tx: saline irrigation, analgesics, humidifier
Augmentin x10 days if Sx >10-14 d

Question 17

Vial pharyngitis

Answer 17

cause: Adenovirus
Tx: supportive
If 2/2 EBV, splenic precautions, monitor airway and analgesics

Question 18

Strep pharyngitis

Answer 18

cause: GABHS
Tx: Penicillin VK
Amoxicillin or penicillin G IM
Cephalexin and Clindamycin if allergic

Question 19

Rheumatic fever

Answer 19

Complication of GABHS

Tx: Amoxicillin, Aspirin

Question 20

Post Step GMN

Answer 20

GABHS inflames glomerulo w/ immune complexes
Tx: self limited
Diuretics if with HTN or edema persistence

Question 21

Peritonsillar abscess

Answer 21

Strep pyogenes

Drain and antibiotics

Question 22

Retropharyngeal abscess

Answer 22

Clindamycin, Unasym, Vancomycin

Question 23

Hand foot mouth disease

Answer 23

Coxsackie B virus

Tx: supportive, popsicles

Question 24

Herpetic gingivostomatitis

Answer 24

Primary HSV1

Tx: Acyclovir if Sx <4 days; NSAIDs or APAP for pain; Hydration!!!

Question 25

Diaper candidiasis

Answer 25

Candida albicans

Rx: Clotrimazole then a barrier ointment

Question 26

Cradle cap

Answer 26

Seb Derm- immature glands and malassezia furfur
Tx: soft baby brush, petroleum jelly.
If severe, topical steroids and ketoconazole

Question 27

Impetigo

Answer 27

Staph aureus

Tx: Mupirocin (add keflex, bactrim, or clinda if severe)

Question 28

Sickle cell disease

Answer 28

Beta globin gene mutation 
Vaccinate 
Abx prophylaxis from 3mo-5 y/o
Folic Acid 
Hydroxyurea

Question 29

ACS

Answer 29

Sickle cell disease
Blood transfusion, IV fluids, hydration
NO demerol or toradol

Question 30

Henoch Schnolein purpura

Answer 30

IgA vasculitis
Symptomatic control, anti-pyretics
Nephro and surg consult