Review the basics Flashcards
A collection of values or information is known as?
Data
An organized collection of data is known as?
Database
What are the three data types?
Structured, Semi-Structured, Unstructured
What type of data structure is typically stored in tables and has predefined schemas?
Structured
What does OLTP stand for?
Online transactional processing
What does OLAP stand for?
Online analytical processing
What is the best suitable data structure for OLTP & OLAP workloads?
Structured
True or False
Semi-Structured data is constrained by a fixed schema.
False
If you were designing a system where you would be working with big data and required low latency which data type would you use?
Semi-structured
A record of this data type is generally made up of XML or JSON
Semi-Structured
A folder on your computer which has all of your videos in it, is what type of data structure?
Unstructured
A computer file system or AWS S3 is an example of what data type?
Unstructured
Which type of database supports joins?
Relational Databases
MySQL, PostgresSQL, MariaDB, Oracle, Microsoft SQL are all what type of database?
Relational Databases
Which service(s) in AWS would be best used for OLTP workloads?
RDS and Aurora
Which service(s) in AWS would be best suited for OLAP workloads?
Redshift
This database can be characterized by multiple tables interconnected through key relationships
Relational Databases
Relational databases are written to and queried using what language?
SQL (Structured query language)
What is the default key used to index a table in a relational database?
Primary Key
What does the acronym ACID stand for?
Atomicity, consistency, isolation, durability
Atomicity in ACID means what?
A transaction executes completely or not at all. It is all or nothing.
Consistency in ACID means what?
Once a transaction has been committed, the data must conform to the given schema.
What does Isolation mean in ACID?
Requires that concurrent transactions execute separately from one another
Durability stands for what in ACID
Ability to recover from unexpected system failure or outage.
True or False: Dynamo DB inherently supports ACID compliance.
False. You can use build your application that uses ACID relationships, but Dynamo DB will not enforce ACID properties by default.
True or False: Microsoft SQL has built-in ACID relationships, but they can be overridden by your application.
False:
Kind of a trick question. MS SQL does have ACID relationships built-in, but there is no way for an application to override this behavior.
If you are talking to someone and they use the term NoSQL, which type of database are they referring to?
Non-Relational Database
If you have semi-structured data, which type of database would you use?
Non-Relational Database
If you require a database that was going to be high volume and had to be low latency, which database type would you choose?
Non-Relational Database
The company you work for requires a database that will hold customer data. The data collected will likely change over time since they are not sure which information they will need later on. They have said they need to change the data inserted into the database on the fly with zero downtime. Which database is the best choice?
Non-relational Database
Relational Databases require schema changes and need to be planned whereas non-relational can have additional fields sent whenever necessary.
DynamoDB, DocumentDB, ElastiCache and Neptune are all what type of database?
Non-Relational Database
Non-relational databases are BASE compliant, what does this stand for?
Basically Available Soft-state Eventually-consistent
Basically available in BASE compliance means what?
Basic read/write operations are available
Soft state in BASE compliance means what?
No consistency guarantees, data state may change
Eventually consistent in BASE compliance means what?
data is expected to be consistent over time
