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Phlebotomy-ADVANCED > REVIEW TEST #2 > Flashcards

REVIEW TEST #2 Flashcards

1
Q

Arthritis

A

Joint disorder characterized by joint inflammation, pain, and swelling

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2
Q

Bursitis

A

Inflammation of a bursa

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3
Q

Gout

A

Joint disorder (commonly of the feet) caused by faulty uric acid metabolism

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4
Q

Osteomyelitis

A

Inflammation of the bone (especially the marrow), caused by bacterial infection

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5
Q

Osteochondritis

A

Inflammation of the bone and cartilage

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6
Q

Osteoporosis

A

Disorder involving loss of bone density

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7
Q

Rickets

A

Abnormal bone formation indirectly resulting from lack of vitamin D needed for calcium absorption

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8
Q

Tumors

A

Abnormal bone growth

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9
Q

Atrophy

A

Decrease in size (wasting) of a muscle, usually due to an activity

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10
Q

Muscular dystrophy

A

Genetic disease in which the muscles waste away or atrophy

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11
Q

Myalgia

A

Painful muscle

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12
Q

Tendonitis

A

Inflammation of the muscle tendons, usually due to overexertion

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13
Q

Acne

A

Inflammatory disease of the sebaceous glands and hair follicles

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14
Q

Cancer

A

Basal cell, squamous, melanoma

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15
Q

Dermatitis

A

Skin inflammation

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16
Q

Fungal infections

A

Including tinea and ringworm

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17
Q

Herpes

A

Including cold sore or viral infection

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18
Q

Impetigo

A

Staph or strep infection

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19
Q

Keloid

A

Fibrous tissue growth at a scar area

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20
Q

Pediculosis

A

Lice infestation

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21
Q

Pruritus

A

Itching

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22
Q

Psoriasis

A

Chronic skin condition of unknown origin characterized by clearly defined red patches of scaly skin

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23
Q

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

ALS

A

A disease involving muscle weakness and atrophy due to degeneration of portions of the brain and spinal cord

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24
Q

Encephalitis

A

Inflammation of the brain

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25
Q

Epilepsy

A

Recurrent pattern of seizures

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26
Q

Hydrocephalus

A

Accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the brain

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27
Q

Meningitis

A

Inflammation of the membranes of the spinal cord or brain

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28
Q

Multiple sclerosis

A

Disease causing destruction of them myelin sheath (fatlike covering) of the nerves of the brain

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29
Q

Neuralgia

A

Severe pain along the nerve

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30
Q

Parkinson’s disease

A

Chronic nerve is disease characterized by fine muscle tremors and muscle weakness

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31
Q

Shingles

A

Acute eruption of herpes blisters along the course of a peripheral nerve

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32
Q

Acromegaly

A

Overgrowth of the bones in the hands, feet, and face caused by excessive GH in adulthood

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33
Q

Diabetes insipidus

A

Condition characterized by increased thirst and increased urine production caused by inadequate secretion of ADH, also called vasopressin

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34
Q

Dwarfism

A

Condition of being abnormally small, one cause of which is growth hormone (GH) deficiency in infancy

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35
Q

Gigantism

A

Excessive development of the body or of a body part due to excessive GH

36
Q

Congenital hypothyroidism

A

Insufficient thyroid activity in a newborn, from either a genetic deficiency or maternal factors such as lack of dietary iron during pregnancy

37
Q

Cretinism

A

Severe untreated congenital hypothyroidism in which the development of the child is impaired, resulting in a short, disproportionate body, thick tongue and neck, and mental handicap

38
Q

Goiter

A

Enlargement of the thyroid gland

39
Q

Hyperthyroidism (Graves’ disease)

A

Condition characterized by weight loss, nervousness, and protruding eyeballs, due to an increased metabolic rate caused by excessive secretion of the thyroid gland

40
Q

Myxedema (hypothyroid syndrome)

A

Condition characterized by anemia, slow speech, mental apathy, drowsiness, and sensitivity to cold, resulting from decreased functioning of the thyroid gland

41
Q

Addison’s disease

A

Condition characterized by weight loss, dehydration, and hypertension (abnormally low blood pressure) caused by decreased glucose and sodium levels due to hyposecretion of the adrenal glands

42
Q

Aldosteronism

A

Condition characterized by hypertension (high blood pressure) and edema caused by excessive sodium and water retention due to hypersecretion of aldosterone

43
Q

Cushing’s syndrome

A

Condition characterized by a swollen, “moon-shaped” face and redistribution of fat to the abdomen and back of the neck caused by an excess of cortisone

44
Q

Diabetes mellitus

A

Condition in which there is impaired carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism due to a deficiency of insulin

45
Q

Diabetes mellitus type I or non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM)

A

Type of diabetes in which the body is able to produce insulin, but either the amount to produce is insufficient or there is impaired use of the insulin produced. This type of diabetes occur predominantly in adults

46
Q

Hyperglycemia

A

Increased blood sugar that often precedes diabetic coma if not treated

47
Q

Hyperinsulinism

A

Too much insulin in the blood due to excessive secretion of insulin or an overdose of insulin (insulin shock)

48
Q

Hypoglycemia

A

Abnormally low glucose (blood sugar) often due to hyperinsulinism

49
Q

Appendicitis

A

Inflammation of the appendix

50
Q

Cholecystitis

A

Inflammation of the gallbladder

51
Q

Colitis

A

Inflammation of the colon

52
Q

Diverticulosis

A

Patches in the walls of the colon

53
Q

Gastritis

A

Inflammation of the stomach lining

54
Q

Gastroenteritis

A

Inflammation of the stomach and intestinal tract

55
Q

Hepatitis

A

Inflammation of the liver

56
Q

Pancreatitis

A

Inflammation of the pancreas

57
Q

Peritonitis

A

Inflammation of the abdominal cavity lining

58
Q

Ulcer

A

Open sore or lesion

59
Q

Cervical cancer

A

Cancer of the cervix

60
Q

Infertility

A

A lower than normal ability to reproduce

61
Q

Ovarian cancer

A

Cancer of the ovaries

62
Q

Ovarian cyst

A

A usually nonmalignant growth in ovary

63
Q

Prostate cancer

A

Cancer of the prostate gland

64
Q

Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs)

A

Diseases such as syphilis, gonorrhea, and genital herpes, which are usually transmitted by sexual contact

65
Q

Uterine cancer

A

Cancer of the uterus

66
Q

Cystitis

A

Bladder inflammation

67
Q

Kidney stones

A

Uric acid, calcium phosphate, or oxalate stones in the kidneys, ureter, or bladder

68
Q

Nephritis

A

Inflammation of the kidneys

69
Q

Renal failure

A

Sudden, severe impairment of renal function

70
Q

Uremia

A

Impaired kidney function with a buildup of waste products in the blood

71
Q

Urinary tract infection (UTI)

A

Infection involving the organs or ducts of the urinary system

72
Q

Apnea

A

A temporary cessation of breathing

73
Q

Asthma

A

Difficulty in breathing accompanied by wheezing caused by spasm or swelling of the bronchial tubes

74
Q

Bronchitis

A

Inflammation of the mucous membrane of the bronchial tubes

75
Q

Cystic fibrosis

A

Genetic endocrine disease causing excess production of mucus

76
Q

Dyspnea

A

Difficult or labored breathing

77
Q

Emphysema

A

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

78
Q

Hypoxia

A

Deficiency of oxygen

79
Q

Infant respiratory distress syndrome (IRDS)

A

Severe impairment of respiratory function in the newborn due to a lack of substance called surfactant in the baby’s lungs

80
Q

Pleurisy

A

Inflammation of the pleural membrane

81
Q

Pneumonia

A

Inflammation of the lungs

82
Q

Pulmonary edema

A

Accumulation of fluid in the lungs

83
Q

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)

A

Virus that is a major cause of respiratory distress in infants and children

84
Q

Rhinitis

A

Inflammation of the nasal mucous membranes

85
Q

Tonsillitis

A

Infection of the tonsils

86
Q

Tuberculosis (TB)

A

Infectious disease affecting the respiratory system. Caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

87
Q

Upper respiratory infection (URI)

A

Infection of the nose, throat, larynx, or upper trachea such as that caused by a cold virus

Phlebotomy-ADVANCED (1 decks)

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