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Data Management & Storage > Review - Section 2 > Flashcards

Review - Section 2 Flashcards

Memorization of some of the key terms/ideas from Chapters 5-8

1
Q

SAN

A

Carries data between servers (or hosts) and storage devices and enables organizations to connect geographically dispersed servers and storage.

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2
Q

Fibre Channel

A

A high-speed network technology that runs on high-speed optical fibre cables and serial copper cables.

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3
Q

Point-to-Point

A

The simplest FC configuration where two devices are connected directly to each other.

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4
Q

Fibre Channel Arbitrated Loop (FC-AL)

A

Devices are attached to a shared loop. Devices must “arbitrate” to gain control of the loop. Only one device can perform I/O operations on the loop at a time.

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5
Q

Fibre Channel Switched Fabric (FC-SW)

A

Aka fabric connect; Creates a fabric in which data is transferred through a dedicated path between nodes. Addition/removal of nodes doesn’t affect traffic of other nodes. Supports up to 15 million devices.

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6
Q

Fabric

A

A logical space in which all nodes communicate with one another in a network.

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7
Q

Interswitch Link (ISL)

A

The link between any two switches in a switched fabric and enables switches to be connected together to form a single, larger fabric.

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8
Q

N_Port

A

Aka the node port. An end point in the fabric, it is typically a host port (HBA) or a storage array port connected to a switch in a switched fabric.

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9
Q

E_Port

A

Aka the expansion port. A port that forms the connection between two FC switches through ISLs.

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10
Q

F_Port

A

Aka a fabric port. A port on a switch that connects an N_Port.

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11
Q

G_Port

A

A generic port on a switch that can operate as an E_Port or an F_Port and determines its functionality automatically during initialization.

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12
Q

Fibre Channel Protocol (FCP)

A

Provides both channel speed for data transfer with low protocol overhead and scalability of network technology.

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13
Q

World Wide Name (WWN)

A

A unique 64-bit identifier assigned to each device in the FC.

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14
Q

World Wide Node Name (WWNN)

A

Assigned to identify an individual Host or Switch.

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15
Q

World Wide Port Name (WWPN)

A

Used to identify physical ports on a HBA.

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16
Q

FLOGI

A

Fabric login; Between N and F_Port

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17
Q

PLOGI

A

Port login; Between N and N_Port (establish session)

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18
Q

PRLI

A

Process login; Between N and N_Port (share information about upper layer protocol and identifies device as initiator or target)

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19
Q

Zoning

A

An FC switch function that enables node ports within the fabric to be logically segmented into groups and to communicate with each other within the group.

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20
Q

Port zoning

A

Uses the physical address of switch ports to define zones.

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21
Q

WWN zoning

A

Uses World Wide Names (WWNs) to define zones.

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22
Q

Mixed zoning

A

Combines the qualities of both WWN zoning and port zoning.

23
Q

Full Mesh Topology

A

Every switch is connected to every other switch in the topology.

24
Q

Partial Mesh Topology

A

Several hops or ISLs may be required for traffic to reach its destination.

25
Q

Edge Tier

A

Each switch is attached to a switch at core tier through ISLs.

26
Q

Core Tier

A

Typically all traffic must traverse/terminate at this tier. All storage devices are connected to the core, and possibly hosts that require high performance.

27
Q

Core-Edge Topology

A

Edge-tier switches are not connected to each other. Increases connectivity within the SAN while conserving overall port utilization.

28
Q

iSCSI

A

An IP based protocol that establishes and manages connections between host and storage over IP.

29
Q

Native Topology (iSCSI)

A

FC components are not required for iSCSI connectivity if an iSCSI-enabled array is deployed. iSCSI initiators are either directly attached to storage or connected through IP network.

30
Q

Bridged Topology (iSCSI)

A

Includes FC components in its configuration. An external device (gateway/multiprotocol router) must be used to facilitate communication between iSCSI host and FC storage.

31
Q

FC and Native iSCSI Topology

A

Storage array provides both FC and iSCSI ports that enable iSCSI and FC connectivity in the same environment.

32
Q

SCSI

A

Command protocol that works at the application layer of the OSI model. Initiators and targets use SCSI commands and responses to talk to each other.

33
Q

Protocol Data Unit (PDU)

A

The basic “information unit” in the iSCSI environment.

34
Q

iSCSI Name

A

A unique worldwide iSCSI identifier used to identify initiators and targets.

35
Q

iSCSI Qualified Name (IQN)

A

Includes the organization domain name and date registered. Enables storage administrators to manage iSCSI devices more easily.

36
Q

Extended Unique Identifier (EUI)

A

A globally unique identifier composed of the eui prefix followed by a 16-character hexadecimal name.

37
Q

FCIP

A

A tunneling protocol that enables distributed FC SAN islands to be interconnected over the existing IP-based networks.

38
Q

Converged Network Adapter (CNA)

A

Provides functionality of both a standard NIC and an FC HBA. Contains separate modules for 10 Gigabit Ethernet and FCoE ASICs

39
Q

Converged Enhanced Ethernet (CEE)

A

Provides lossless Ethernet and QoS

40
Q

Network-attached Storage (NAS)

A

A dedicated, high performance file sharing and storage device that enables clients to share files over an IP network.

41
Q

NFS

A

A client-server protocol for file sharing commonly used on UNIX systems.

42
Q

CIFS

A

A client-server application protocol based on SMB that enables client programs to make requests for files and services on remote computers over TCP/IP.

43
Q

Unified NAS

A

Consolidates NAS-based and SAN-based data access within a unified storage platform and provides a unified management interface for managing both.

44
Q

Gateway NAS

A

The NAS device uses external and independently managed storage to store and retrieve data.

45
Q

Scale-out NAS

A

Pools multiple nodes together in a cluster. The cluster performs the NAS operation as a single entity.

46
Q

Object Based Storage

A

A way to store file data in the form of objects based on its content and other attributes rather than the name and location.

47
Q

Object-Based Storage Devices (OSDs)

A

Devices that organize and store unstructured data in the form of objects.

48
Q

Object

A

Contains user data and related metadata attributes and has a unique object ID generated using a specialized algorithm.

49
Q

OSD Node

A

A server that runs the OSD operating environment and provides services to store, retrieve, and manage data in the system.

50
Q

Content-Addressed Storage (CAS)

A

An object-based storage device designed for secure online storage and retrieval of fixed content.

51
Q

Unified Storage

A

Consolidates block, file, and object access into one storage solution.

52
Q

Storage Controller

A

Provides block-level access to application servers through iSCSI, FC, or FCoE protocols.

53
Q

NAS Head

A

A dedicated file server that provides file access to NAS clients.

Data Management & Storage (5 decks)

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