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ASA 103 > Review questions > Flashcards

Review questions Flashcards

1
Q

a ____-____ cockpit allows water to escape overboard, either by way of scuppers or walk through transom

A

self draining or self bailing

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2
Q

a ____ is used to adjust tension in standing rigging cables

A

turnbuckle

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3
Q

when going forward on the sidedeck, it is safer to walk along the _____ side of the boat

A

windward or high

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4
Q

cleaning supplies, fenders, a boathook, spare lines, and even extra sails can be stowed in the _________

A

cockpit locker

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5
Q

if the wheel steering system fails, then an ___ ____ may be fitted to the rudder post to allow steering to resume

A

emergency tiller

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6
Q

the space beneath the cabin sole is called the _____ where water may accumulate at the lowest point

A

bilge

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7
Q

to prevent accidental leaks due to hose failure, it is good practice to close all ______ when leaving the boat unattended

A

seacocks

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8
Q

type B fire extinguishers are used to combat ___ base fires

A

flammable liquid (gas) or petroleum

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9
Q

most sailboat electrical fixtures such as lights and pumps run on ____ volts ___ power, which is provided by the house ______

A

12 volt
DC
Batteries

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10
Q

when connected to ____ (110 volts AC), the battery voltage is maintained using a battery ____.
While motoring, the engine-mounted ____ charges the batteries

A

shore power
charger
alternator

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11
Q

the battery ______ switch is usually a dial type fixture that allows a choice to be made between house and _____ battery banks

A

selector

starting

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12
Q

a pre-departure on- deck inspection should include looking for a missing cotter ____

A

pins or rings

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13
Q

once the auxiliary engine is started, it is important to check that _______ is flowing out of the ____ outlet

A

water

exhaust

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14
Q

a diesel engine is stopped by shutting off the ___ supply

A

fuel

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15
Q

when shifting from forward to reverse gear (or vice versa) it is critical to pause in ____ for a second or two to allow the engine to return to idle speed

A

neutral

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16
Q

the flow of water pushed by a propeller is called

A

prop wash

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17
Q

the tendency of the stern of a boat to be pushed sideways when the engine is in reverse gear is called

A

prop walk

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18
Q

with the engine in reverse gear, a right handed prop will likely cause the stern to walk to the ____

A

port

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19
Q

a vessel with divers in the water may display either a ____ ____ flag (red with diagonal white stripe) or international code flag ____ (vertical white and blue swallowtail)

A

recreational diver

Flag A

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20
Q

the ___ has ultimate responsibility for the safety of the ___ ___ and passengers

A

skipper,

vessel, crew

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21
Q

a safety ___ may be made of webbing or line and has a clip on either end. one end commonly attaches to a safety ___ worn by the crew, the other end is secured to a strong pad-eye or ____

A

tether
harness
jackline

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22
Q

it is advisable to wear a life jacket in the following situations (name at least 3)

A 
bad weather
heavy seas
cold seawater
nighttime
poor visibility 
when leaving the cockpit
if the boat has no lifelines
feeling unwell
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23
Q

other than the federally required items, ASA recommends the following additional equipment be carried on board ( name at least 10)

A 
vhf radio
cell phone
spare lines
nav charts
plotting tools
anchor
binoculars
knife
first aid kit
tool kit
flashlight/spotlight
clock 
radar reflector
boat hook
softwood
plugs
portable bilge pump
bucket
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24
Q

the amount of oil in the auxiliary ___ may be checked by withdrawing the __, wiping it clean, then reinserting and removing again to check the level

A

engine

dipstick

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25
Q

the raw water ____ helps prevent grass seaweed and other undesirable debris from entering the engines ___ system

A

strainer

cooling

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26
Q

to help prevent diesel fuel spills, it is better to fill the tank ____

A

slowly

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27
Q

it is illegal to dump ____ anywhere in the ocean or inland waters

A

plastic, oil, fuel

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28
Q

small items of food waste, paper, and glass may legally be discharged if the vessel is more than ___ miles from shore

A

3

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29
Q

most water heater appliances have 2 ways of heating water: either from the engines ____system
or from ___ electricity

A

cooling

shorepower

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30
Q

a marine toilet must be connected to a ____ ____ device, which on most boats is a ____ tank

A

marine sanitation

holding

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31
Q

ways to reduce weather helm and excessive heeling include: name at least 3

A 
heading up into the wind
easing the main sheet
taking the traveler to leeward
tightening the adjustable backstay
tightening the outhaul, 
reefing the mainsail
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32
Q

tightening the ___ decreases the ___ or belly of the mainsail

A

outhaul

draft or depth

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33
Q

one way twist in the jib can be adjusted is with the position of the jibsheet car. if the jib has too much twist, move the car ____. If it needs more twist, move the car ____

A

forward

aft

34
Q

when reefing the mainsail while underway it is better to keep the boat moving on a ___ point of sail

A

close reach

35
Q

when reefing the mainsail, once the new __is established, take up the ___ again until the luff is tight, then establish the new ___

A

tack
halyard
clew

36
Q

it is easier to reef or furl the roller furling jib while on a ____ ____ point of sail

A

broad reach

37
Q

once the jib is reefed, the jibsheet car should be moved ___ to maintain balanced tension in the leech and foot

A

forward

38
Q

when heaving to, the back winded ___ and leeward positioned ___ are in opposition, causing the boat to sail very slowly with the wind just forward of the ___.
When a sailboat with wheel steering is hove-to, the wheel would be turned fully to _____

A

jib
mainsail

beam
windward

39
Q

a vessel is considered to be overtaking another if it is approaching from within an arc of up to 22.5 degrees abaft (behind) the _____ on either side of the vessel being overtaken. this total arc or 135 degrees fills the same sector as the ___ light

A

beam

stern light

40
Q

under the us inland rules of navigation, some sound signals are used to signal __ and require a response____

A

intent and response

41
Q

in a situation where two power driven vessels are crossing, one short whistle blast means” I intend to leave you on my __ side.” in an overtaking situation, one short blast means “ I intend to ___ you on your starboard side

A

port

pass

42
Q

if a vessel operating in inland waters does not agree or understand the intent of another vessel, then it would sound ____ short blasts, 3 short blasts, means I am engaging ____ gear

A

5 blasts

reverse

43
Q

hoisting a ____ ____ will increase the likelihood of being seen by a vessel equipped with radar

A

radar reflector

44
Q

a sailing vessel under way at night or in restricted visibility must display __ lights, which are red and green in color , plus a stern light which is ___ color

A

side

white

45
Q

the color on the top of a horizontally striped red and green beacon or buoy indicates on which side to leave the mark in order to stay in the ___ channel

A

preferred

46
Q

when steering a vessel using a compass, the intended direction is called the ______ and the direction the boat is actually pointing is called the ____

A

course

heading

47
Q

the difference between the true and magnetic direction is called_____.
the difference between the magnetic and ___ direction is called deviation

A

variation

compass

48
Q

items that may cause interference with the proper functioning of the compass include
name at least 3

A 
magnets
tools
flashlight
cell phones
speaker in vhf radio
anything with iron in it
49
Q

a distance of one nautical miles is equal to one ___ of latitude

A

minute

50
Q

one degree of latitude is equal to ___ nautical miles

A

60

51
Q

speed units are usually expressed in ___ which means nautical miles per hour

A

knots

52
Q

time units are expressed in ___ when using the equation distance=speed X time

A

hours

53
Q

important considerations for selecting an anchorage include ____ from wind and waves, ____ room so as not to bump other boats, ____ type appropriate for the boats ground tackle and acceptable total ___ including any changes in tidal height

A

protection
swinging
bottom type
depth

54
Q

to confirm an anchor has properly set one can observe the anchor ____ for tautness and lack of vibration.
looking ____ at a ____ of two aligned stationary objects can provide additional confirmation of a well set anchor

A

rode
abeam
range

55
Q

what is the recommended anchor scope

A

7:1

7’ for every foot of depth plus the height of freeboard of the boat

56
Q

the first response to be taken to correct a dragging anchor is to increase the ____

A

scope

57
Q

as the anchor is being raised with power assist from the engine, the foredeck crew should point ___ the direction of the anchor rode, so the helmsman knows which way to ____

A

toward

steer

58
Q

when parallel docking, it is preferable to bring the boat alongside the dock while heading ____ the wind if possible

A

into

59
Q

a _____ line is usually the first to be secured when docking and last to be cast off when departing the dock

A

spring

60
Q

for safety reasons, crew should never use their ____ or ___ to fend the boat off. instead ___ should be used in between the boat and the dock or piling

A

hands or feet

fenders

61
Q

when anchoring or mooring the best way to communicate between the foredeck and helm is through the use of pre-arranged

A

hand signals

62
Q

most cruising sailboats carry a ___ radio, which can be used not only for emergencies or routine communication with other stations but also to receive local ____ forecasts

A

VHF

weather

63
Q

a significant weather threat faced by sailors is the summer ____ which can develop relatively quickly and be accompanied by high ___ and intense rain

A

thunderstorm

winds

64
Q

fog often occurs when it is hot and ___ ashore and the water temperature is ____

A

humid

cool

65
Q

the greatest tidal range is usually observed during ____ tides when the moon is either ___ or new

A

spring tides

full

66
Q

as the tide comes in a ___ current may be generated

A

flood

67
Q

when the tide is going out, it is called an ___ tide

A

ebb

68
Q

if no current is flowing it is said to be ___ water

A

slack

69
Q

when sailing in a current, the direction the current is flowing is called _____ and the drift is the _____ of the current

A

set

speed

70
Q

if the boat runs aground the first action to be taken is to ____ sheets if sailing, or shift the engine to ____ if under power

A

ease

neutral

71
Q

a ___ is a portable anchor that can be used to help haul a boat off a grounding

A

kedge

72
Q

if the boat has a serious leak, the following actions should be taken immediately

A

notify the crew
operate bilge pumps
find the source of the leak

73
Q

if the prop becomes fouled,

A

immediately shift the engine to neutral and stop it

74
Q

if a shroud or stay fails the most important thing is to keep the ___ standing upright by removing and strain and providing additional support perhaps with a spare ___ if available

A

mast

halyard

75
Q

name at least 3 potential sources of fire or explosion on board a sailboat with an aux engine

A

faulty elec wiring
fuel, gas -diesel
cooking fuel
engine fuel leak

76
Q

a major benefit of using the quick stop man overboard recovery method is that the boat stays ___ to the MOB

A

closer

77
Q

using the quick stop recovery method ,the 1st maneuver (after flotation and assigning a spotter) is to____ the boat, leaving the ____ secured (on its cleat or winch) so that the jib is backwinded after the tack

A

tack

jibsheet

78
Q

a MOB in cold water should assume the ___ position so as to minimize loss of body heat

A

HELP

heat escape lessening position

79
Q

a person suffering from stage 2 hypothermia should be treated by ____

A

removing wet clothes
cover head and body with blankets
add body heat from another person

80
Q

when planning a passage, it is important to identify alternative ____ in case of poor weather or problems with the vessel

A

destinations or anchorages

81
Q

name at least items of info that the skipper should give in his safety briefing

A 
pfd locations
fire extinguishers
flares
radio
itinerary 
sailing controls
dock departure plan
assignment of duties

ASA 103 (1 decks)

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