Review Questions Flashcards
List the functions of the human Lymphatic system
- Fluid Homeostasis
Returns excess interstitial fluid to veins
List the functions of the human Lymphatic system
- One site of immunological function
Maturation and dispersal of lymphocytes
List the functions of the human Lymphatic system
- Lipid absorption
Lacteals are capillaries in villi that collect lipids absorbed by digestive tract
(Breakdown to fatty acids-Lacteals)
Describe the anatomy of human lymphatic vessels
Found everywhere we have blood vessels- Run parellel to blood vessels
Describe the anatomy of human lymphatic vessels
Lymphatic Vessels not found in Epithelia Cartilage CNS Corneas Bone Marrow because lack of blood supply
Describe the anatomy of human lymphatic vessels
Lymphatic capillaries the smallest vessels
- Blind-ended and start at capillary beds
- Endothelial cells overlap but are not continuous (fluid, solutes, pathogens enters but can’t return)
Describe the anatomy of human lymphatic vessels
Lymphatic vessels the medium sized “hoses” of the lymphatic system
- parallel arteries and veins
- similar in structure to veins and have valves
- make use of muscle and respiratory pumps
Describe the anatomy of human lymphatic vessels
Lymphatic vessels converge to form Lymphatic Trunks
Describe the anatomy of human lymphatic vessels
Lymphatic Trunks empty into ducts
Describe the anatomy of human lymphatic vessels
Lymphatic trunks empty into
- Right lymphatic duct
a. empties lymph from superior right quarter of body
b. empties into right subclavian vein, near right internal jugular vein
Describe the anatomy of human lymphatic vessels
Lymphatic trunks empty into
- Thoracic duct
a. Drains remaining 75% of body
b. empties into left subclavian vein, near left internal jugular vein
List and give the location of the major human lymph and lymphoid organs
Tonsil
List and give the location of the major human lymph and lymphoid organs
Thymus
List and give the location of the major human lymph and lymphoid organs
Spleen
List and give the location of the major human lymph and lymphoid organs
MALT (Mucosa-associated Lymphoid Tissue) in digestive, respiratory, urinary, and reproductive tracts
List and give the location of the major human lymph and lymphoid organs
Appendix
List and give the location of the major human lymph and lymphoid organs
Two classes of Lymphatic Organs, based on function- Primary Lymphatic organs and secondary organs and tissues
List and give the location of the major human lymph and lymphoid organs
Primary Lymphatic organs are where B and T cells form and gain immunocompetence
- Bone Marrow
- Thymus
List and give the location of the major human lymph and lymphoid organs
Secondary organs and tissues are sites where immune responses occur
- Lymph nodes and spleen have a capsule and are considered organs
- Lymphoid Nodules and MALT are tissues
List and give the location of the major human lymph and lymphoid organs
Lymphatic organs contain a stroma of reticular connective tissue
Describe the structure and function of human lymph nodes and lymphoid organs
Lymph nodes-principle lymphatic organs of body
Describe the structure and function of human lymph nodes and lymphoid organs
Lymph nodes are small at up to one inch in diameter
Describe the structure and function of human lymph nodes and lymphoid organs
Lymph nodes are numerous and approx 450 per person
Describe the structure and function of human lymph nodes and lymphoid organs
Lymph nodes are bean shaped
Describe the structure and function of human lymph nodes and lymphoid organs
Lymph nodes are embedded in connective tissues
Describe the structure and function of human lymph nodes and lymphoid organs
Lymph nodes are concentrated in cervical, axillary, thoracic, abdominal, and inguinal regions
Describe the structure and function of human lymph nodes and lymphoid organs
Lymph nodes are important diagnostically
1. Physicians palpate to check for infection
2. Biopsy if cancer is expected
Lymph nodes downstream of tumor may be affected due to metastasis
Describe the structure and function of human lymph nodes and lymphoid organs
Lymph node functions:
- Only organs that filter Lymph
a. help prevent further spread of pathogens by cardiovascular system - Initiates immune response
Describe the structure and function of human lymph nodes and lymphoid organs
Lymph node structure- capsule of dense connective tissue (collagen fibers) covers
Describe the structure and function of human lymph nodes and lymphoid organs
Lymph node structure- extensions of capsule penetrate interior of node
called trabeculae (fibrous partitions)Describe the structure and function of human lymph nodes and lymphoid organs
Lymph node structure- has stroma of reticular fibers that cells attach to
Describe the structure and function of human lymph nodes and lymphoid organs
Lymph node structure- there are more afferent lymphatics than efferent lymphatics
- slows down flow of lymph; it percolates through slowly
- encounters various immune cells such as macrophages, T Lymphocytes, and B Lymphocytes
Describe the structure and function of human lymph nodes and lymphoid organs
Node structure- 99% of pathogens are removed and lymphocytes are exposed to foreign antigens
Describe the structure and function of human lymph nodes and lymphoid organs
Lymphatic organs- Thymus and Spleen
Describe the structure and function of human lymph nodes and lymphoid organs
Organ- Thymus-
1. Located between sternum and aortic arch in mediastinum
Describe the structure and function of human lymph nodes and lymphoid organs
Organ- Thymus-
2. Does not function like a lymph node
Describe the structure and function of human lymph nodes and lymphoid organs
Organ- Thymus-
3. Site of development for T-Lymphocytes
Describe the structure and function of human lymph nodes and lymphoid organs
Organ- Thymus-
4. Release hormones called thymosins that regulate T lymphocytes development
Describe the structure and function of human lymph nodes and lymphoid organs
Organs- Thymus-
5. Blood thymus barrier prevents premature exposure to its lymphocytes to antigens
Describe the structure and function of human lymph nodes and lymphoid organs
Organ- Spleen-
1. Located in Left hypochondriac region
Describe the structure and function of human lymph nodes and lymphoid organs
Organ- Spleen
2. Largest Lymphatic organ
Describe the structure and function of human lymph nodes and lymphoid organs
Organ- Spleen
3. Essentially a huge lymph node for the blood (not lymph)
Describe the structure and function of human lymph nodes and lymphoid organs
Organ- Spleen
4. Destroys abnormal blood cells and platelets, and stores platelets and iron
