Review Questions Flashcards
If someone is unconscious at the scene of a fire, you should assume what poisoning?
Carbon monoxide
What SpO2 will carboxyHgb (carbon monoxide) poisoning show?
100% (normal; absorbs similar to oxyHgb)
Hypsarrhythmia is the pathognomonic EEG pattern for what disorder?
Infantile spasms
What’s the most common cause of new-onset pediatric status epilepticus?
febrile illness (infection outside CNS)
What type of medication is thiopental?
barbiturate
Treatment of infantile spasms?
ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone)
Which is worse, Chiari I or II?
Chiari II
When is the BBB formed by?
Birth
Which artery should be avoided for arterial line placement due to its lack of collateral flow?
Brachial
Mechanism of Dantrolene?
Blocks calcium release from sarcoplasmic reticulum
CYP450 enzymes metabolize which type of reactions?
Phase I (make polar/hydrophilic)
Elapidae snakes (coral snake): neurotoxicity or DIC?
neurotoxicity
Viperidae snakes (rattlesnakes, vipers): neurotoxicity or DIC?
DIC
Fasciotomy is indicated in compartment syndrome when pressures exceed what?
40 mmHg
A patient with a spleen or liver laceration only requires abdominal surgery if they have required what volume of transfusion?
40 mL/kg or more (half the circulating blood volume) in first 24 hours
Which toxin is found in antifreeze?
Ethylene glycol or methanol
In addition to Fomepizole, patients with ethylene glycol toxicity should receive what?
Pyridoxine and thiamin
In addition to Fomepizol, patients with methanol toxicity should receive what?
Folic acid
A patient with sulfonylurea ingestion (eg, glyburide) can be treated with what addition to IV dextrose?
Octreotide
What is the calorie content of 20% lipids?
2 kcal/mL
What is the calorie content of 20% lipids?
2 kcal/mL
What is the calorie content of 20% lipids?
2 kcal/mL
What is the calorie content of D25%?
0.25g per mL
How many calories are in each gram of protein or carbs?
4 kcal per g
