Review of BLS and AED for Infants and Children

Question 1

Infants are younger than

Answer 1

Younger than 1 years old

Question 2

Children range from

Answer 2

1 years old to puberty.
Signs of puberty include:
-chest or underarm hair on boys and any breast development in girls

Question 3

To minimizing delay in starting CPR, take no more than how many seconds to assess

Answer 3

Take no more than 10 seconds to assess breathing at the same time as you check the pulse

Question 4

When would you monitor until the emergency responders arrive

Answer 4

If the infant or child has normal breathing

Question 5

When would you provide rescue breathing

Answer 5

If the infant or child is not breathing or is only gasping and a pulse is felt

Question 6

What is considered cardiac arrest in the infant or child

Answer 6

When there is no breathing or only gasping and a pulse is not felt.
Gasping is not considered normal breathing and can be a sign of cardiac arrest.

Question 7

Where would you perform a pulse check in an infant

Answer 7

You would palpate or feel for a brachial pulse

Question 8

Where would you perform a pulse check in a child

Answer 8

You would palpate or feel for the femoral pulse or carotid pulse

Question 9

If it is difficult to determine if there is a pulse or not you should

Answer 9

You can feel for pulse for at least 5 seconds but no longer than 10 seconds.
Start CPR after 10 seconds starting with chest compressions

Question 10

If the infant or child does not have normal breathing and a pulse is felt

Answer 10

Provide rescue breathing and give 1 breath every 2-3 seconds or about 20-30 BPM

Question 11

If heart rate is less than what and showing what, then what would you do

Answer 11

Heart rate less than 60
Showing poor signs of perfusion
Start CPR

Question 12

If heart rate is greater than what, continue what. Check what how often then what

Answer 12

Heart rate greater than 60
Continue rescue breathing
Check pulse every 2 minutes, if no pulse felt, start CPR

Question 13

If you are alone and you witness the sudden collapse of an infant or child

Answer 13

• activate the emergency response system

- retrieve an AED/Defibrillator

Question 14

If you are alone and you did not witness the infant or child collapse suddenly

Answer 14

Start high quality CPR for 2 minutes

Question 15

Single rescuer compression technique
Child
Infant

Answer 15

Child: 1 or 2 hands
Infant: 2-finger chest compressions or 2 thumb-encircling hands technique

Question 16

If you are alone and did not witness sudden collapse, after how long would you do what

Answer 16

After about 2 minutes of CPR, if you are unable to activate emergency response, leave infant or child to do that.

Question 17

How long would you continue to do ALS

Answer 17

Until providers take over or the child begins to breath, move or otherwise react

Question 18

When would you use 30:2 vs 15:2 for compression to ventilation

Answer 18

Use 30:2 for single rescuer (Adult, child, infant) or two person adult
Use 15:2 if there are two rescuers for children and infants

Question 19

What is the compression depth in adults, children and infants

Answer 19

Adults and children: at least 1/3 the diameter of the chest (approx 2 inches or 5 cm)
Infants: at least 1/3 the diameter of the chest (approx 1 1/2 in or 4 cm)

Question 20

How many cycles are done in 2 minutes

Answer 20

5 cycles

Question 21

What are the 2 methods of opening the airway

Answer 21

• head tilt chin lift

- jaw thrust maneuver (use if neck or head injury is suspected or unknown)

Question 22

Why are breaths important for infants and children

Answer 22

When cardiac arrest occurs, oxygen of the blood can typically meet oxygen demands of the body for the first few minutes after arrest.
For infants and children, they often have respiratory failure or shock that reduces the oxygen content in blood before the onset of cardiac arrest

Question 23

What is the difference between a pediatric specific AED vs other AEDs

Answer 23

It delivers a pediatric appropriate shock dose that is reduced when pediatric pads are placed

Question 24

Use child pads if possible for those under the age of

Answer 24

Under the age of 8 years old

Question 25

If using an adult pad on a child make sure the pads do not

Answer 25

Make sure the pads dont touch or overlap (Ok to place on on front and one on back to insure they do not touch or overlap)

Question 26

Why is it ok to use adult pad on kids but not the other way around

Answer 26

Although the adult shock is too much for a kid, any shock is better than none.
Unfortunately, using a pediatric shock for a child greater than 8 years old and an adult, the pediatric shock is too little where it wont be effective at all and you’re better off continuing just compressions and ventilation