Review for Final Exam Part I

Question 1

Define thoracotomy.

Answer 1

Chest is cut open between the ribs.

Question 2

Define pneumonectomy.

Answer 2

A procedure where 1 lung is removed.

Question 3

Define lobectomy.

Answer 3

A procedure where 1 of the 5 lobes of the lung is removed.

Question 4

Define lung resection.

Answer 4

A surgical procedure where all or part of the lung is removed.

Question 5

Define cachetic.

Answer 5

A state of poor health resulting in muscle wasting.

Question 6

Define parenteral nutrition.

Answer 6

Direct infusion of nutrients via a peripheral or central vein is administered.

Question 7

CXR reveals air-filled bronchi surrounded by consolidated alveoli. This describes…

Answer 7

air bronchogram

Question 8

Describe 3 examples a lung ultrasound would be useful…

Answer 8

pleural effusion; pneumothorax; guide needle placement for chest tube, central line, thoracentesis

Question 9

What is the name for white blood cell that is found in the lining of alveolar tissue?

Answer 9

macrophrage (a monocyte that is located in the tissue instead of the blood stream)

Question 10

An increased aPTT or PT/INR could represent?

Answer 10

A reduced ability for clots to form, putting patient at risk for excessive bleeding.

Question 11

The anion gap is helpful in diagnosing the cause for for…

Answer 11

metabolic acidosis

Question 12

The organ that filters out excessive creatine wast is the

Answer 12

kidneys

Question 13

The BNP helps to recognize what disorder?

Answer 13

congestive heart failure

Question 14

The CXR of a patient diagnosed with congestive heart failure shows that he is positive for a pleural effusion. The fluid will most likely be classified as

Answer 14

transudate

Question 15

A patient is admitted to the intensive care unit and it is suspected that he has been deprived of food for a long period of time. His albumin was most likely be…

Answer 15

low. An important indicator of malnutrition is a low serum albumin level.

Question 16

Provide an example of deep tendon reflex.

Answer 16

Patellar reflex

Question 17

An abnormal planter reflex where the toes spread apart when the sole of the foot is stroked in an upward pattern is

Answer 17

the Babinski sign (which shows severe neurologic impairment and does not have a good prognosis)

Question 18

Name 4 examples of brainstem reflexes.

Answer 18

Gag, pupillary, corneal, doll’s eye

Question 19

Biot’s breathing is also called

Answer 19

ataxic breathing

Question 20

Name 3 causes of Cheyne Stokes breathing.

Answer 20

cardiac failure, intracanial cause, hypoxemia

Question 21

Name 5 tests that can help examen the neurologic system (these can be imaging, function tests, and invasive procedures)

Answer 21

CT-scan, EEG, ICP monitoring, MRI, lumbar puncture

Question 22

Absence of respirations during an apnea tests would confirm what condition?

Answer 22

brain death

Question 23

Define delirium.

Answer 23

An abnormal state characterized by confusion, incoherent speech, and hallucinations.

Question 24

Describe persistent vegetative state.

Answer 24

A condition where a patient’s eyes are opened but they are unable to be aroused.

Question 25

What is the range for the Glasgow coma scale?

Answer 25

3 - 15

Question 26

This test provides a reliable method to assess a patient’s level of sedation in the ICU

Answer 26

RASS (Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale)

Question 27

A patient that is drowsy and partially awaken to stimulation would be described as…

Answer 27

lethargy

Question 28

A patient that arouses to vigorous and continuous stimulation or painful stimulation would be described as…

Answer 28

stupor