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OB 2015 > Review Exam OB/GYN > Flashcards

Review Exam OB/GYN Flashcards

1
Q

A cloverleaf shaped cranium in a 2nd tri fetus is characteristic of

A

skeletal dysplasia

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2
Q

which genitourinary abnormality depends on fetal gender

A

posterior urethral valve and turners

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3
Q

which pelvic structure contains the uterine blood vessels and nerves

A

broad ligaments

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4
Q

when the vasular space between the placenta and myometrium is absent, the sonographer should suspect

A

placenta accreta

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5
Q

measurment of the biparietal diameter is taken at a level to include the

A

thalamic cerebri

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6
Q

the best measuring method for evaluating gestational age is the

A

crown rump length

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7
Q

bilateral symmetric pelvic masses are most likely

A

pelvic muscles

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8
Q

a localized hypoechoic adnexal mass is present on serial sonograms. physiological ovarian cysts of varying size are presen bilaterally. based on this clinical history, the adnexal mass is most supicious for a(an)

A

endometrioma

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9
Q

maintaining privacy of a patients medical and personal info is a primary concern of the

A

health insurance portability and accountability act

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10
Q

which of the following is not evaluated during a fetal bpp

A

fetal swallowing

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11
Q

an echogenic endometrium with posterior acoustic enhancement is present during which of the following phases

A

secretory

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12
Q

normal serum maternal alpha feto protein levels vary with

A

gestational age

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13
Q

a diamniotic/momochorionic multifetal pregnancy will demonstate

A

one placenta and two gestational sacs

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14
Q

symmetrical intrauterine growth restriction is most likely a result of

A

1st tri insult

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15
Q

which of the following structures shunts blood away from the fetal lungs

A

ductus arteriosus

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16
Q

which of the following abnormalities demonstrates an arteriovenous anastomosis

A

twin to twin transfusion syndrome

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17
Q

which rare benign ovarian neoplasm occurs most often in postmenopausal women

A

thecoma

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18
Q

hydranencephaly is an abnormality of the

A

cerebral cortex

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19
Q

common sonographic finding associated with dandy walker syndrome include

A

enlarged posterior fossa and absence of the cerebellar vermis

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20
Q

a menarche patient presents with a history of dysmenorrhea and uterine tenderness during a physical exam. her last menstrual period was 2 weeks earlier. the uterine myometrium appears diffusely inhomogeneous on ultrasound. this is suspicious for

A

adenomyosis

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21
Q

which phase of the endometrium demonstrates the thinnest diameter

A

late menstrual

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22
Q

normal embyonic herniation of the bowel permits development of the

A

abd organs

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23
Q

which classification of osteogenesis imperfecta is the most lethal

A

type 2

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24
Q

which leiomyoma location is most likely to cause heavy irregular uterine bleeding

A

submucosal

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25
Q

the landmark used to localize the correct level for measuing abd circumference is

A

lt portal vein

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26
Q

which portion of the fetal heart lies closest to the anterior chest wall

A

rt ventricle

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27
Q

normal nuchal translucency does not exceed

A

3mm

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28
Q

which ob condition is an indication for immediate delivery

A

placental abruption

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29
Q

at what ges age are chorionic villus sampling procedures commonly performed

A

10 to 12 weeks

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30
Q

which structure would you evaluate if a patient presents with a hist of a gartner cyst

A

vagina

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31
Q

brightly echogenic bowel in the 2nd tri is most likely associated with which abnormality

A

tri 21

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32
Q

clinodactyly refers to what

A

the inward curvature of digits

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33
Q

in postmenopausal women, endometrial thickness is consistently benign when measuring

A

5mm or less

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34
Q

fluid within the endo cavity is

A

not included in the measurement

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35
Q

the cervix to corpus ratio of premenarche uterus

A

2:1

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36
Q

enlargement of the 3rd ventricle is a finding associated with

A

agenesis of the corpus callosum

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37
Q

which segment of the fallopian tube is potentially the most life threatening in a ruptured ectopic

A

interstitial

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38
Q

if the fluid filled fetal stomach is not visualized on serial sonograms, the sonographer should suspect

A

esophageal atresia

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39
Q

the yolk sac is abnormal after the diameter exceeds

A

8mm

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40
Q

in relation to the ovaries, the external iliac vessels are located

A

lateral

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41
Q

ovulation usually occurs when the diameter of the dominant follicle measures

A

25mm

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42
Q

what adx pathology is associated with trophoblastic disease

A

theca lutein cysts

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43
Q

placenta previa is ruled out when the placental edge is located a minimym of what distance from the internal OS

A

2cm

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44
Q

dangling of the shoroid plexus is associated with

A

ventriculomegaly

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45
Q

a defect of the fetal lymphatic system typically results in development of a(n)

A

cystic hygroma

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46
Q

in a menarche patient, a multi layered appearance is present during which endo phase

A

later proliferation phase

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47
Q

which vessel provides the best imaging landmark for locating the ovaries

A

internal iliac

48
Q

which pelvic muscle is most frequently mistaken for an ovary

A

piriformis

49
Q

proliferation of the endo is a result of

A

estrogen

50
Q

the most common cause for postmenopausal bleeding is

A

benign hyperplasia

51
Q

an extrauterine mass most commonly develops on which of the following structures

A

broad ligament

52
Q

a mature physiological cyst is termed a

A

graafian follicle

53
Q

the lavator ani muscles are at the level of the

A

vagina

54
Q

which of the following is not a physiological in origin

A

nabothian cyst

55
Q

encephaloceles are typically located in which region of the calvaria

A

occipital

56
Q

what mimics anencephaly

A

acrania

57
Q

the most common neural tube defect is

A

anencephaly

58
Q

holoprosencephaly is most often associated wit

A

patau

59
Q

result of cranial defect

A

encephalocele

60
Q

most likely demonstrates a normal maternal serum alpha fetoprotein level

A

encephalocele

61
Q

normal maximum placental thickness in a 2nd tri pregnancy should not exceed

A

4cm

62
Q

most likely associated with oligohydramnios

A

intrauterine growth restriction

63
Q

the anatomical relationship between the ureter, ovary, and iliac vessels

A

the ureter and iliac vessels lie posterior to the ovary

64
Q

fetal abnormality more commonly associated with diabetic patients

A

caudal regression

65
Q

which hormone is responsible for inducing ovulation during a normal mestrual cycle

A

luteinizing hormone

66
Q

a cystic hygroma is often associated with

A

chromosomal abnormality

67
Q

nabothian cysts are located near the

A

cervix

68
Q

which portion of the fetal brain demonstrates ventriculomegaly first

A

occipital horn of the lateral ventricle

69
Q

which abnormality is associated with trophoblastic disease

A

theca lutein cysts

70
Q

what is unique to the luteal phase

A

demonstration of the constant 14 day lifespan

71
Q

a thin spetation within the endo is consistent with which uterine anomaly

A

septae uterus

72
Q

thickness of the endo is dependent of

A

hormone levels

73
Q

a chocolate cyst is a term used to describe

A

endometrioma

74
Q

diffuse uterine enlargement demonstrating diffuse myometrial anechoic areas are sonographic findings consistent with

A

adenomyosis

75
Q

T.V., in sag plane. the urinary bladder should display on which portion of the screen

A

left upper

76
Q

what lab value determines when the ovary is ready to ovulate

A

estradiol

77
Q

30yrs, normal menses, 10th day of cycle, the endo stripe is expected to demonstrate

A

a thick, hypoechoic functional layer and a hyperechoic basal layer

78
Q

what is true for a post menepoausal patient not receiving hormone replacement therapy

A

decreases in estrogen can shorten the vagina

79
Q

which portion of the uterus is indistinct in the nongravid stage

A

isthmus

80
Q

the suspensory ligament attaches the

A

ovary to the pelvic sidewall

81
Q

an anechoic tubular adx mass posterior and lateral to the uterus in an asymptomatic patient is most likely the

A

hydrosalpinx

82
Q

fetuses with a diabetic mother have an increased risk of developing

A

maacrosomia

83
Q

cases of heterotopic pregnancy occur in approximately

A

1:30,000

84
Q

what syndrome is associated with an extra set of chromosomes

A

triploidy

85
Q

visualization of the fractured fetal femur is most suspicious for

A

osteiogenesis imperfecta

86
Q

a cystic teratoma is most commonly located

A

superior to the uterine fundus

87
Q

2nd tri ultrasound eacms are best in determining fetal

A

anatomy

88
Q

what structure allows communication between the right and left atraia

A

foramen ovale

89
Q

precocious puberty may indicate the possible presence of a mass of the

A

hypothalamus, gonads, or adrenal gland

90
Q

a unilocular thin walled cystic structure is identified adjacent to a normal appearing ovary. This mass is most suspicious for

A

paraovarian cyst

91
Q

the most common gynecological malignancy in the united states involves the

A

endometrium

92
Q

a bicornuate uterus is a congenital anomaly resulting from

A

incomplete fusion of the mullerian ducts

93
Q

in ectopic pregnancy, serial human chorionic gonadotrpin levels are expected to

A

abnormally increase

94
Q

ovulation typically occurs within how many hours of visualizing a cumulus oophorus

A

36

95
Q

what endo phase demonstrates the greatest dimension

A

early secretory

96
Q

fertilization of the ovum occurs in the

A

distal fallopian tube

97
Q

which structure is responsible for the secretion of the follicle stimulating hormone

A

pituitary gland

98
Q

the normal endo of a post menopausal patient not receiving hormone replacement therapy is expected to appear

A

thin and echogenic

99
Q

cystic structures located within the choroid plexus

A

normally regress by 23 weeks gestation

100
Q

which biometric parameter is most widely used to determine gestational age in the early second trimester

A

biparietal diameter

101
Q

which neoplasm is most likely associated with meigs syndrome

A

fibroma

102
Q

the endo may demonstrate posterior acoustic enhancement in which of the following endometrial phases

A

secretory

103
Q

which portion of the primitive brain displays as a prominent cystic structure

A

rhombencephalon

104
Q

the maternal side of the developing placenta is termed decidua

A

basalis

105
Q

the purpose of the cephalic index is to determine

A

normalcy of the head shape

106
Q

normal fetal lung development is dependent on the

A

exchange of the amniotic fluid within the lungs

107
Q

which term refers to midcycle or ovulatory pain

A

mittelschmerz

108
Q

duodenal atresia is associated with which tri syndrome

A

21

109
Q

a rapid increase in serial human chorionic gonadotropin levels in associated with

A

trophoblastic disease

110
Q

which pelvic mass is commonly displayed in a normal first tri pregnancy

A

corpus luteal cyst

111
Q

what is caused by the presence of one defective gene

A

autosomal dominant

112
Q

a lemon shpated cranium is more commonly associated with

A

myelomeningocele

113
Q

visualization of the distal femoral epiphysis documents a fetus with an approximate gestational age of

A

32 weeks

114
Q

a fixed, small, hyperechoic focus within the left ventricle is most likely the

A

papillary muscle

115
Q

the normal diameter of the lateral ventrical atria should not exceed

A

10 mm

116
Q

the apex of the fetal heart is normally positioned toward the

A

left side of the body at 45 degrees

OB 2015 (3 decks)

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