Review Chapet 3 Test

Question 1

What are the main components of the musculoskeletal system?

Answer 1

Bones, muscles, tendons, ligaments, and cartilage.

Question 2

True or False: Ligaments connect muscles to bones.

Answer 2

False. Ligaments connect bones to other bones.

Question 3

Fill in the blank: The _____ is the largest bone in the human body.

Answer 3

femur

Question 4

What is the primary function of tendons?

Answer 4

To connect muscles to bones.

Question 5

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a function of bones? A) Support B) Blood cell production C) Digestion D) Mineral storage

Answer 5

C) Digestion

Question 6

What type of muscle is responsible for voluntary movements?

Answer 6

Skeletal muscle.

Question 7

True or False: Cartilage is a type of connective tissue that provides cushioning between bones.

Answer 7

True.

Question 8

What is the role of the axial skeleton?

Answer 8

To support the head, neck, and trunk and protect the brain and spinal cord.

Question 9

Fill in the blank: The _____ system works with the musculoskeletal system to facilitate movement.

Answer 9

nervous

Question 10

Multiple Choice: Which type of joint allows for the greatest range of motion? A) Ball-and-socket B) Hinge C) Pivot D) Saddle

Answer 10

A) Ball-and-socket

Question 11

What is the primary function of the circulatory system?

Answer 11

To transport blood, nutrients, gases, and waste products throughout the body.

Question 12

True or False: The heart has four chambers.

Answer 12

True.

Question 13

Fill in the blank: The two upper chambers of the heart are called ______.

Answer 13

atria.

Question 14

What are the names of the two lower chambers of the heart?

Answer 14

Ventricles.

Question 15

Multiple Choice: Which blood vessels carry oxygenated blood away from the heart?

Answer 15

Arteries.

Question 16

What is the name of the valve located between the left atrium and left ventricle?

Answer 16

Mitral valve.

Question 17

True or False: Veins have thicker walls than arteries.

Answer 17

False.

Question 18

What is the role of capillaries in the circulatory system?

Answer 18

To facilitate the exchange of oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, and waste between blood and tissues.

Question 19

Fill in the blank: The largest artery in the body is the ______.

Answer 19

aorta.

Question 20

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a component of blood?

Answer 20

Bone.

Question 22

The main function of the digestive system is to ___.

Answer 22

break down food and absorb nutrients

Question 23

True or False: The small intestine is longer than the large intestine.

Answer 23

True

Question 24

Fill in the blank: The ___ is the first part of the gastrointestinal (G.I.) tract.

Answer 24

mouth

Question 25

Which organ produces bile, an important substance for digestion?

Answer 25

liver

Question 26

Fill in the blank: The ___ connects the throat to the stomach.

Answer 26

esophagus

Question 27

The accessory organ that helps in the digestion of fats is the ___.

Answer 27

gallbladder

Question 28

What is the primary function of the pancreas in the digestive system?

Answer 28

to produce digestive enzymes and hormones

Question 29

Fill in the blank: The final section of the large intestine is called the ___.

Answer 29

rectum

Question 30

True or False: The stomach is primarily responsible for nutrient absorption.

Answer 30

False

Question 31

Fill in the blank: The ___ is where most nutrient absorption occurs.

Answer 31

small intestine

Question 33

What is the primary function of the respiratory system?

Answer 33

To facilitate gas exchange, primarily oxygen and carbon dioxide.

Question 34

True or False: The diaphragm is a muscle that plays a crucial role in breathing.

Answer 34

True

Question 35

Fill in the blank: The __________ is the main organ of the respiratory system where gas exchange occurs.

Answer 35

Lung

Question 36

What structure prevents food from entering the trachea during swallowing?

Answer 36

Epiglottis

Question 37

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a part of the respiratory system? A) Bronchi B) Alveoli C) Heart D) Trachea

Answer 37

C) Heart

Question 38

What is the name of the tiny air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs?

Answer 38

Alveoli

Question 39

True or False: The process of inhalation is an active process.

Answer 39

True

Question 40

What is the role of hemoglobin in the respiratory system?

Answer 40

To transport oxygen from the lungs to the tissues and carbon dioxide from the tissues to the lungs.

Question 41

Fill in the blank: The __________ is the tube that carries air to the lungs.

Answer 41

Trachea

Question 42

Multiple Choice: Which gas is primarily expelled from the body during exhalation? A) Oxygen B) Nitrogen C) Carbon Dioxide D) Helium

Answer 42

C) Carbon Dioxide

Question 43

What are the two main divisions of the nervous system?

Answer 43

The central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS).

Question 44

What is the primary function of the central nervous system (CNS)?

Answer 44

The CNS, consisting of the brain and spinal cord, processes information and controls body functions.

Question 46

How does the peripheral nervous system (PNS) differ from the CNS?

Answer 46

The PNS includes all nerves outside the CNS and transmits signals between the CNS and the rest of the body.

Question 47

What are neurons, and what role do they play in the nervous system?

Answer 47

Neurons are nerve cells that transmit electrical and chemical signals throughout the nervous system.

Question 48

Name the three types of neurons and describe their functions.

Answer 48

Sensory neurons: Carry signals from sensory receptors to the CNS. Motor neurons: Send signals from the CNS to muscles and glands. Interneurons: Connect sensory and motor neurons within the CNS.

Question 50

What is the function of the myelin sheath?

Answer 50

The myelin sheath insulates axons, increasing the speed of nerve impulse transmission.

Question 51

How do electrical impulses travel between neurons?

Answer 51

Electrical impulses travel along the neuron’s axon and cross synapses via neurotransmitters.

Question 52

What is the difference between the autonomic and somatic nervous systems?

Answer 52

The autonomic nervous system controls involuntary functions (e.g., heart rate, digestion), while the somatic nervous system controls voluntary movements (e.g., muscle movement).

Question 53

What part of the brain controls basic life functions like breathing and heart rate?

Answer 53

The medulla oblongata, located in the brainstem.

Question 54

How do reflexes occur without direct involvement of the brain?

Answer 54

Reflexes are processed by the spinal cord through a reflex arc, allowing for a rapid response without brain involvement.