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Arrange HF, HCL, HBr, and HI in order of highest to lowest melting point.
HF, HI, HBr, HCl
HF has a higher melting temp bcs of the hydrogen bonding
When hydrogen halides react with ammonia (NH3), what type of reaction takes place and what is the product?
Acid-base reaction/neutralisation.
It produces ammonium salts (NH4Cl, NH4Br)
What color does magnesium ion produce?
No colour.
What flame color does magnesium produce when reaction with oxygen.
White flame
What type of wire is used in a flame test?
Nichrome wire
HB3 + NH3 - >
what would be observed from this reaction?
White smoke apparently
What colour precipitate is AgCl, AgBr, and AgI
AgCl - white
AgBr - cream
AgI - yellow
How will hydrogen halides and water react? What type of reaction is it?
Dissociation reaction
HCl + H2O -> Cl- + H3O+
hydroxonium ion will be acidic.
Describe the solubility of carbonate, sulfate and hydroxide down a group.
Hydroxide - increase
sulfate- decrease
carbonate - decrease
How will a substance containing carbonate ions react when HCl is added? (reaction and products)
XCO3 + 2HCl -> CO2 + 2H2O + XCl2
carbonate ions will fizz and release CO2
Why does thermal stability increase down a group ?
- bigger ions -> less polarising power
- less polarising power -> more heat needed
Which G1 metal will decompose completely? Why won’t the others decompose?
Lithium.
Lithium has the smallest radius in G1.
The larger the radius -> more heat required
G1 metals require extreme heat to decompose completely.
Describe trends in G7 halogens
Electronegativity decrease (more shielding and radius)
Ionisation energy decrease
Reactivity decrease ( harder to attract an electron)
Increase boiling temp (rel8 to instant. dipole or london forces)
Describe oxidising capability in Halogens
It decreases down a group
Describe reducing capablities in halides.
it increases down a group.
