Review B1 Cell Biology Flashcards
What is osmosis?
The diffusion of water through a partially permeable membrane from an area of high concentrated solution to an area of low concentrated solution down a concentration gradient.
What is diffusion?
Resulting in?
The spreading out of particles of any substance in a solution, or particles in a gas.
Resulting in a net movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration, down a concentration gradient.
What is isotonic?
Is when the concentration of solutes in the solution outside the cell is the same as the internal concentration
What is hypertonic?
It is when the concentration of solutes in the solution outside the cell is higher than the internal concentration.
What is hypotonic ?
It is when the concentration of solutes in the solution outside the cell is lower than the internal concentration.
What is ‘net movement’
Particles moving in minus particles moving out
What is a partially permeable membrane?
A membrane that only allows certain substances to pass through.
What is cell differentiation?
Usually to what?
It is where a cell changes from cell type to another.
Usually to a more specialised cell type.
What are stem cells?
Like what?
They are cells of the bodywhich can divide and become differentiated.
When organisms grow, stem cells specialise and take specific functions.
What do these have in common?
Skin,blood,muscle,bone, nerves.
They all have different types of cells.
What is the first stage of mitosis?
Spindle formed chromosomes are duplicated and arranged along the equator.
What is the second stage of mitosis?
Chromosomes single strands move to the poles of the cell, the nucleus divides into two.
What happens in the third stage of mitosis?
The cell divides into two to produce two identical daughter cells
What are daughter cells ?
New cells that are genetically identical to the original cell.
Some organisms can be reproduced by mitosis what is that called?
It is called asexual reproduction.
