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Chem 1300 > Review and Chapter 3 > Flashcards

Review and Chapter 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

Kinetic energy

A

energy for moving objects

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2
Q

Potential energy

A

stored energy; something that can happen but hasn’t happened yet

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3
Q

Thermal energy

A

energy from heat

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4
Q

Electrical energy

A

forces of attraction and repulsion between charged particles

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5
Q

Chemical energy

A

net attraction of electrons and nuclei in molecules and compounds

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6
Q

Nuclear energy

A

energy that holds protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom

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7
Q

Conservation of energy

A
  • energy is neither created nor destroyed

- energy may be transferred or transformed

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8
Q

Which of the following elements is likely to display similar chemical properties?

a) Na and Mg
b) Al and Si
c) O and S
d) Cr and Mn
e) Be and B

A
  • look for the ones in the same group of the periodic table

c) O and S

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9
Q

What is the molar mass of phosphoric acid, H3PO4?

A

(1.0083) + (30.97) + (164) = 97.994 g/mol

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10
Q

How many significant figures are there in the answer for the following problem?
(6.21010^13)(6.0110^23)/(345)(3.000)

A

three

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11
Q

A candle is burning in front of you. What transformation in energy from the list below did not occur?

a) chemical energy was converted to radiant energy
b) chemical energy was converted to sound energy
c) kinetic energy was converted to potential energy
d) chemical energy was converted to thermal energy
e) thermal energy was converted to sound energy

A

c) kinetic energy was converted to potential energy

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12
Q

What is the molar mass of C34H32FeN4O4?

A

(12.0134) + (1.00832) + 55.85 + (14.014) + (16.004) = 616.486 g/mol

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13
Q

Write the balanced combustion reaction for methanol.

A

3O2 + 2CH4O —–> 2CO2 + 4H2O

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14
Q

Write the chemical formula for Iron (III) oxide.

A

Fe2O3

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15
Q

Write the chemical formula for Calcium oxide.

A

CaO

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16
Q

Write the chemical formula for Magnesium nitride.

A

Mg3N2

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17
Q

Write the chemical formula for Phosphorous pentachloride.

A

PCl5

18
Q

An ionic salt is dissolved in water and the resulting solution cools. What transformation in energy has occurred?

a) chemical energy was converted to thermal energy
b) thermal energy was converted to chemical energy
c) kinetic energy was converted to solar energy
d) radiant energy was converted to thermal energy
e) thermal energy was converted to kinetic energy

A

b) thermal energy was converted to chemical energy

19
Q

A final step in the synthesis of aluminum oxide (Al2O3) from its ore bauxite is the following reaction conducted at 1200 degrees celsius.
2Al(OH)3 —–> Al2O3 + 3H2O
If one obtains 2.5010^5 kg of water from the reaction of 2.5010^6 kg of Al(OH)3, what is the % yield of the reaction?

A

% yield = actual yield/ theoretical yield * 100%

actual yield= 2.510^5 kg or 1.3810^7 mol of H20

theoretical yield= 3.210^7 mol of Al(OH)3 or 4.8110^7 mol of H2O

% yield= 28.7%

20
Q

If a solution containing 26.98g of mercury (II) perchlorate is allowed to react completely with a solution containing 8.564g of sodium sulfate, how many grams of solid precipitate will form? How many grams of the reactant in excess will remain after the reaction?

A

Hg(ClO4)2 + Na2SO4 —> HgSO4 + 2NaClO4

limiting reactant (smallest amount between two values):
0.06029 mol HgSO4

solid precipitate: 17.89g HgSO4

excess reactant remaining:
26.98g Hg(ClO4)2 - 24.09g Hg(ClO4)2 = 2.89g Hg(ClO4)2 in excess

21
Q

How many significant figures would the answer to this problem have?
1.012*10^-3 / [(0.022456)(298.3682 - 298.3567)]

A

= 3.92

3 significant figures

22
Q

The electric charge of a single proton is 1.60*10^-19 C. How many protons would you need in order to have a total of one coulomb of positive charge?

A

1/ (1.6010^-19 C/proton) = 6.2510^8 protons/C

23
Q

The mass of a single proton is 1.67*10^-27 kg. How many protons would you need in order to have a total of one kilogram of mass?

A

1/ (1.6710^-27 kg/proton) = 5.9910^26 protons/kg

24
Q

Perform the following calculation and record the answer with the correct number of significant figures.
(6.5-6.22) / 2.81

A

0.1

25
Q

A farmer wants to capitalize on the amount of sunlight shining on his farm everyday by building a solar power tower. The manufacturer's specifications state that the solar tower has 75 heliostats, each with an area of 2.70 m2. If the total amount of solar power falling on each heliostat is 1260.0 W/m2, calculate the percent efficiency of the solar power tower if it only produces 29.3 kW.

A

Percent efficiency = power output/ power input *100%

power output= 29.3 KW or 29 300 W
power input= 260 000 W

percent efficiency= 11%

26
Q

A farmer wants to capitalize on the amount of sunlight shining on his farm everyday by building a solar power tower. The manufacturer's specifications state that the solar tower has 75 heliostats, each with an area of 2.70 m2. If the total amount of solar power falling on each heliostat is 1260.0 W/m2, calculate the percent efficiency of the solar power tower if it only produces 29.3 kW.

A

Percent efficiency = power output/ power input *100%

power output= 29.3 KW or 29 300 W
power input= 260 000 W

percent efficiency= 11%

27
Q

You have 57.0 mL of a 0.500M stock solution that must be diluted to 0.100M. Assuming the volumes are additive, how much water should be added?

A

C1V1=C2V2
V2=C1V1/C2

V2=285mL
285mL - 57.0mL = 228mL

28
Q

How many grams of solute are present in 265mL of 0.330M of KBr?

A

265mL= 0.265L
0.0875 mol of KBr

10.4 g

29
Q

Hydrogen peroxide can be prepared by the reaction of barium peroxide with sulfuric acid according to:
BaO2 + H2SO4 —> BaSO4 + H2O2
How many milliliters of 5.00 M H2SO4(aq) are needed to react completely with 26.1 g of BaO2(s)?

A
  1. 154mol BaO2
  2. 154mol H2SO4
  3. 154/5 = 0.0308L
  4. 8mL of H2SO4
30
Q

Which of the following represent potential energy?

a) candy bar
b) rowing a boat
c) a ball rolling down a hill
d) a stretched rubber band
e) wind
f) a roller coaster at the top of a hill

A

a) candy bar
d) a stretched rubber band
f) a roller coaster at the top of a hill

31
Q

If 100.0mL of 0.499M Na2SO4 are added to 100.0mL of 0.915M of Pb(NO3)2, how many grams of PbSO4 can be produced?
Na2SO4 + Pb(NO3)2 —> 2NaNO3 + PbSO4

A
  1. 0499mol of Na2SO4
  2. 0915mol of Pb(NO3)2

make a table with initial moles, change in moles, and end result

find the limiting reactant: Na2SO4 is the limiting reactant
0.0915 mol of Na2SO4 is needed to react completely with 0.0915mol of Pb(NO3)2, but there’s only 0.0499 mol of Na2SO4 added.

15.1g of PbSO4

32
Q

Name the compound:

H2SO4

A

sulfuric acid

33
Q

Name the compound:

MnO4-

A

permanganate ion

34
Q

Name the compound:

NCl3

A

nitrogen trichloride

35
Q

Name the compound:

P4O6

A

tetraphosphorus hexoxide

36
Q

Name the compound:

BrCl

A

bromine monochloride

37
Q

Name the compound:

SF4

A

sulfur tetrafloride

38
Q

Name the compound:

ClO2

A

chlorine dioxide

39
Q

Name the compound:

BaO2

A

barium peroxide

40
Q

Zinc reacts with hydrochloric acid according to the reaction equation:
Zn + 2HCl —> ZnCl2 + H2
How many milliliters of 2.00M HCl are required to react with 6.85g of an ore containing 44.0% Zn by mass?

A
  1. 0461 mol of Zn
  2. 0922 mol HCl
  3. 0922 / 2 = 0.0461 L
  4. 1 mL of HCl

Chem 1300 (7 decks)

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