Review

Question 1

Dual-homed Internet Connectivity

Answer 1

2+ connections (1+ routers) to the same ISP.

Provides redundancy, but possible single point of failure at ISP or if single CE router is used.

Question 2

Multi-homed Internet Connectivity

Answer 2

Highest level of redundancy. 2 routers, 2 ISPs.

Question 3

What are the requirements for Multi-homed environment?

Answer 3

Must have PI address space and own AS number.

Must have connectivity with 2 independent ISPs.

Question 4

Dual Multi-homed Internet Connectivity

Answer 4

Two connections to each of two ISPs

Question 5

IPv6 ACL Characteristics

Answer 5

Always named and extended.

Contains implicit permit all ND neighbor advertisement and solicitation messages.

Question 6

What command do IPv6 ACLs use to apply to an interface/check status?

Answer 6

ipv6 traffic-filter [name] in/out

Question 7

What is NAT?

Answer 7

Network Address Translation, used to translate private addresses to public addresses.

Question 8

What is NAT64?

Answer 8

NAT IPv6-to-IPv4. Used to provide IPv4 connectivity to IPv6 devices.

Question 9

What is NPTv6?

Answer 9

IPv6-to-IPv6 Network Prefix Translation.

I.E. inside network to outstide network.

Question 10

What is NAT-PT

Answer 10

The initial translation scheme for IPv6 and IPv4, now deprecated and replaced by NAT64.

Question 11

What does SLAAC stand for?

Answer 11

Stateless Address Autoconfiguration

Question 12

What does SLAAC do?

Answer 12

Provides capability for a device to obtain IPv6 addressing information without any intervention from network admin.

Question 13

How does SLAAC work?

Answer 13

Uses RAs sent by routers on local link, which include prefixes, prefix lifetime info, flag info, and default router lifetime info.

Question 14

What command enables SLAAC?

Answer 14

ipv6 address autconfig {default}* default can only exist on one interface

Question 15

What are the three types of NAT?

Answer 15

Static NAT: One-to-one
Dynamic NAT: Many-to-many
Port Address Translation (PAT): Many-to-one

Question 16

BGP Message Types

Answer 16

Open
Keepalive
Update
Notification

Question 17

BGP Notifications

Answer 17

Sent when BGP router detects an error condition.

Question 18

BGP Neighbor States

Answer 18

1. Idle
2. Connect
3. Active
4. Open Sent
5. Open Confirm
6. Established

Question 19

BGP Path Attribute Categories

Answer 19

Well-known mandatory
Well-known discretionary
Optional transitive
Optional nontransitive

Question 20

Well-Known Attributes

Answer 20

Mandatory: Must appear in all BGP update messages
Discretionary: Doesn’t have to be present

Question 21

Optional Transitive Attributes

Answer 21

BGP routers that do not implement this should pass to other BGP routers untouched and mark as partial

Question 22

Optional Nontransitive Attributes

Answer 22

BGP routers that do not implement this must delete the attribute and must not pass it to other BGP routers.

Question 23

Well-known mandatory attributes defined by BGP

Answer 23

AS-path
Next-hop
Origin

Question 24

Well-known discretionary attributes defined by BGP

Answer 24

Local preference

Atomic aggregate

Question 25

Optional transitive attributes defined by BGP

Answer 25

Aggregator | Community

Question 26

Optional nontransitive attribute defined by BGP

Answer 26

MED

Question 27

AS-Path

Answer 27

List of AS numbers (sourced right to left). Ensures loop-free environment.

Question 28

Local Preference

Answer 28

Indicates which path is preferred to exit the AS. Higher local preference is preferred. Sent only to iBGP neighbors.

Question 29

EIGRP Authentication

Answer 29

MD5, SHA, Key chain support

Question 30

Three Operational Architecture Planes

Answer 30

Management Control Data

Question 31

Management Plane Security

Answer 31

Strong passwords, user authentication, role-based CLI, SSH, logging, NTP

Question 32

Control Plane Security

Answer 32

Routing protocol authentication

Question 33

Data Plane Security

Answer 33

ACLs

Question 34

Policy Based Routing routing table override command

Answer 34

set ip next hop

Question 35

Switching Mechanisms

Answer 35

Process switching Fast switching Cisco Express Forwarding

Question 36

Process Switching

Answer 36

Slowest. Every packet is examined, all forwarding decisions are made in software.

Question 37

Fast Switching

Answer 37

Faster than Process switching. Initial packet is process switched and forwarding decision is stored in hardware.

Question 38

Cisco Express Forwarding (CEF)

Answer 38

Fastest. Creates hardware based tables (FIB and adjacency table)

Question 39

BGP Default Source Address

Answer 39

Address of outbound interface.

Question 40

What command is used to inject a route into the BGP table?

Answer 40

In BGP config: | network [network number]