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Civics Exam > Review > Flashcards

Review Flashcards

1
Q

A person who lives in a country but is not a citizen of that country

A

Alien

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2
Q

A government that consists of representatives elected by the citizens

A

Representative Democracy

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3
Q

A government controlled by one person or a small group of people

A

Dictatorship

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4
Q

A person who flees his or her homeland because of war, famine, or political oppression

A

Refugee

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5
Q

A process for counting a Nations population

A

Census

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6
Q

A person who comes to a country with the intention of living there permanently

A

Immigrant

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7
Q

The process by which resident aliens become citizens

A

Naturalization

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8
Q

A representative to a meeting

A

Delegate

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9
Q

To cancel a law

A

Repeal

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10
Q

A refusal to buy goods or use services as a means of protest

A

Boycott

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11
Q

The British legislature

A

Parliament

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12
Q

A system of law that is based on precedent

A

Common law

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13
Q

A group of individuals or states that band together for a common purpose

A

Confederation

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14
Q

The power to make laws

A

Legislative branch

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15
Q

The idea that people should have the right to rule themselves

A

Popular sovereignty

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16
Q

A person who opposed the constitution before

A

Anti-federalist

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17
Q

A system in which each branch of government is able to limit the power of the other branches

A

Checks and balances

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18
Q

The powers of the federal government specifically mentioned in the constitution

A

Enumerated powers

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19
Q

Having the power to decide how laws should be applied in individual cases

A

Judicial branch

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20
Q

The powers shared by the national and state governments

A

Concurrent powers

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21
Q

The criminal act of lying about another person to harm that person’s reputation

A

Slander

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22
Q

The right to vote

A

Suffrage

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23
Q

Putting a person on trial again for a crime of which he or she was acquitted

A

Double jeopardy

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24
Q

Procedures established by law and guaranteed by the constitution

A

Due process of law

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25
Q

A legal document that allows law enforcement officials to search a suspects home for evidence

A

Search warrant

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26
Q

Money paid to the court by an accused person to guarantee that he or she will appear for trial

A

Bail

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27
Q

The health, prosperity, and happiness of a person or community

A

Welfare

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28
Q

Unfair and less equal treatment of a particular group

A

Discrimination

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29
Q

Programs to help minority groups and women gain access to jobs and opportunities

A

Affirmative action

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30
Q

Separation of people because of race or ethnic origin

A

Segregation

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31
Q

The Rights of a citizen

A

Civil rights

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32
Q

To call up,people for military service

A

Draft

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33
Q

Respect and acceptance of people of a different race, religion, or lifestyle

A

Toleration

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34
Q

More than half

A

Majority

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35
Q

A political parties statement of its goals

A

Political platform

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36
Q

The largest number of votes or seats in a legislature

A

Plurality

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37
Q

Not involving political parties

A

Nonpartisan

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38
Q

A political alliance with another party or parties

A

Coalition

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39
Q

Beginning with the people

A

Grassroots

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40
Q

An election in which party members choose candidates to run for office

A

Primary election

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41
Q

Am Election in which voters can approve or reject a local or state law

A

Referendum

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42
Q

An election in which voters can remove a public official from office

A

Recall

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43
Q

A group of people who elect the president and the Vice President

A

Electoral college

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44
Q

Going through neighborhoods asking for votes or taking public opinion polls

A

Canvassing

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45
Q

A one sided or slanted point of view

A

Bias

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46
Q

People with a similar point of view who work together to promote that point of view

A

Interest group

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47
Q

Sources of news information that are widely distributed, including television, radio, newspapers, and magazines

A

Mass media

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48
Q

To try to persuade government officials to support the goals of a special-interest group

A

Lobby

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49
Q

A person who takes polls, or samples, of public opinion

A

Pollster

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50
Q

The presidents power to kill a bill, if congress is not in session, by not signing it for 10 days

A

Pocket Veto

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51
Q

To set a congressional bill aside in committee without considering it

A

Pigeonhole

52
Q

To accuse a government official of wrongdoing

A

Impeach

53
Q

A tactic for defeating a bill in the senate by talking until the bills sponsor withdraws it

A

Filibuster

54
Q

A legislature’s formal disapproval of one of its members

A

Censure

55
Q

Funds reserved for a specific use

A

Appropriations

56
Q

An official representative of a country’s government

A

Ambassador

57
Q

A government or other organization with many different different departments and complex rules and procedures

A

Bureaucracy

58
Q

A rule the president Issues that has the force of law

A

Executive order

59
Q

A pardon granted to members of a group who have broken the law

A

Amnesty

60
Q

An order to delay carrying out a sentence or court order

A

Reprieve

61
Q

The practice of giving jobs as a reward for party loyalty

A

Spoils System

62
Q

The practice of giving government jobs to those who are most qualified

A

Merit system

63
Q

A government office in a foreign country that protects the interests of its citizens

A

Consulate

64
Q

A business owned and operated by the government that provides the services to the public

A

Government corporation

65
Q

An independent agency that protects the public by by controlling certain types of businesses and industries

A

Regulatory commission

66
Q

A government office, headed by an ambassador, set up in a foreign nation

A

Embassy

67
Q

The authority of a court to be the first to hear a case

A

Original jurisdiction

68
Q

A case in which a person is accused of breaking the law

A

Criminal Case

69
Q

A federal court that hears only cases on appeal from lower district courts or from federal agencies

A

Court of appeals

70
Q

The authority to review cases from lower district courts or from federal regulatory agencies

A

Appellate Jurisdiction

71
Q

The power of the Supreme Court to review federal and state laws and decide whether they are in accord with the constitution

A

Judicial review

72
Q

A case in which one party takes legal action against another party

A

Civil case

73
Q

Reduce a criminal sentence

A

Commuting a sentence

74
Q

A relatively minor crime

A

Misdemeanor

75
Q

An agreement to plead guilty to a crime in exchange for a reduced sentence

A

Plea bargain

76
Q

A serious crime such as robbery or murder

A

Felony

77
Q

Having a one-house legislature

A

Unicameral

78
Q

A plan of government

A

Charter

79
Q

A law, usually of a city or country

A

Ordinance

80
Q

The chief executive of a city government

A

Mayor

81
Q

A voting district within a city

A

Ward

82
Q

A city and its suburbs

A

Metropolitan area

83
Q

A government policy

A

Public policy

84
Q

A communities system of roads, bridges, water, and sewer

A

Infrastructure

85
Q

A note from the government or a corporation promising to repay money with interest by a certain date

A

Bond

86
Q

The tradition of unpaid community service

A

Volunteerism

87
Q

The reusing of old materials to make a new ones

A

Recycling

88
Q

A court order guaranteeing a person who is arrested the right to appear before a judge in a court of law

A

Writ of habeas corpus

89
Q

A group of citizens that decides whether there is sufficient evidence to accuse someone of a crime

A

Grand Jury

90
Q

Law concerned with disputes between people or between the government and its citizens

A

Civil law

91
Q

A legal action in which a person sues to collect damages for some harm that is done

A

Lawsuit

92
Q

A person or party filing a lawsuit

A

Plaintiff

93
Q

A person who was accused of a crime or is being sued

A

Defendant

94
Q

A formal agreement between two or more parties

A

Contract

95
Q

The unlawful taking of property

A

Larceny

96
Q

The deliberate destruction of property

A

Vandalism

97
Q

Taking property by dishonest means or by misrepresentation

A

Fraud

98
Q

A notice directing someone to appear in court to answer a complaint or a charge

A

Summons

99
Q

A hearing in which a suspect is charged and pleads guilty or not guilty

A

Arraignment

100
Q

The states side of the proceedings in a criminal trial

A

Prosecution

101
Q

The process of questioning a witness in a trial or hearing to check or discredit the testimony

A

Cross-examination

102
Q

A jury that cannot agree on a verdict

A

Hung jury

103
Q

A child or teenager who commits a serious crime or repeatedly breaks the law

A

Juvenile delinquent

104
Q

The money governments received from taxes and other sources

A

Revenue

105
Q

A tax on the money and individual or business earns

A

Income tax

106
Q

The amount of money subtracted from income for each person before determining taxes

A

Exemption

107
Q

Money for items such as medical expenses that is subtracted from income before taxes are paid

A

Deduction

108
Q

A tax based on the value of a person’s property

A

Property tax

109
Q

And important tax designed to protect a nations industries from foreign competition

A

Tariff

110
Q

A plan for managing and spending money

A

Budget

111
Q

In excess of government expenses over revenues

A

Deficit

112
Q

The total amount the government owes on money it has borrowed

A

National debt

113
Q

The process of conducting relations with foreign governments

A

Diplomacy

114
Q

Money, military assistance, food, or other supplies given to help other countries

A

Foreign aid

115
Q

A formal agreement or union among nations

A

Alliance

116
Q

The act of prohibiting the shipment of goods into or out of a country

A

Embargo

117
Q

A country that is struggling to build an industrial economy and to meet the basic needs of the people

A

Developing nation

118
Q

A country with a strong industrial economy

A

Developed nation

119
Q

The growth and spread of nuclear weapons

A

Nuclear proliferation

120
Q

The reliance of countries on one another for products, services, and raw materials

A

Interdependence

121
Q

The use of tariffs or other barriers to protect a nations industries

A

Protectionism

122
Q

A policy that aims to illuminate tariffs and other economic barriers among nations

A

Free trade

123
Q

Protection of public lands and natural resources

A

Conservation

124
Q

A resource, such as petroleum, that is gone forever once it is used

A

No renewable resource

125
Q

The systematic killing of a group of people

A

Genocide

Civics Exam (1 decks)

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