review Flashcards
Identify the function of the following organelles: nucleous, chloroplasts, mitochondria, cell membrane, lysosomes, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, vacuoles, cytoplasm, and cytoskeleton.
nucleolus: to make ribosomes
chloroplasts: converts light energy into sugars
mitochondria: to perform cellular respiration
cell membrane: protect the cell
lysosomes: help to remove waste
ribosomes: makes protein
endoplasmic reticulum: creates and carries proteins
vacuoles: hold material and waste
cytoplasm: gives the cell it’s shape and keeps organelles in place.
cytoskeleton: provides cell structure
what are the three stages of cell cycle? what happens in each stage?
interphase: grows and copies dna
mitosis: divides into two nuclei
cytokinesis: the two daughter cells develop.
what are the phases of mitosis? what happens at each stage?
prophase: the cells condense
metaphase: chromosomes align
anaphase: the chromatids become separate chromosomes after being pulled apart
telaphase: begins to restructure
what are the points of the cell theory?
- all living organisms are composed of one or more cells
- the cell is the basic unit of structure and organization in organisms
- cells arise from pre-existing cells.
identify the checkpoints within a cell cycle.
- interphase
- mitosis (prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase)
- cytokinesis
what are the differences between plant and animal cells?
plant cells have a cell wall, vacuoles and chloroplasts.
what is angiogenesis?
development of blood vessels
explain diffusion
when particles spread and move from high concentration to low concentration.
how are cancer cells different from normal cells?
they divide uncontrollably and create a lump of cells.
for a given cell type, identify and explain how it’s form fits its function.
neurons. they are thin, long with branches that help efficiently send electrical signals to the brain.
what do we call anything cancerous?
a carcinogen
how is cancer diagnosed?
imaging technologies
blood tests
