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Biology II FINAL Review > Review > Flashcards

Review Flashcards

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1
Q

Vitamin that is obtained from yellow, orange, and dark-green vegetables; fortified dairy products.
Used for skin cells’ growth and night vision.

A

A (retinol)

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2
Q

Vitamin that promotes bone growth and enables the absorption of Ca and P. It is obtained from fish oils, eggs and also when he skin is in contact with sunlight.

A

D (Calciferol)

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3
Q

Vitamin that serves as an antioxidant and also prevents cellular damage; it is obtained from green leafy vegetables, seeds and vegetable oils.

A

E (tocopherol)

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4
Q

Gotten from green leafy vegetables and produced by bacteria in the intestines; used in blood clotting.

A

K

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5
Q

Vitamin B1, also known as ____________, is obtained from whole grains, pork, legumes and milk. It enables carbohydrates’ metabolism.

A) Riboflavin
B) Cyanocobalamin
D) Thiamine

A

C) Thiamine

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6
Q

Vitamin gotten from dairy products, meats, vegetables and whole grains; it is important for growth and energy metabolism.

A) Riboflavin (B1)
B) Riboflavin (B2)
C) Riboflavin (B6)
D) Riboflavin (B12)
E) IDK, let's just enjoy health
A

B) Riboflavin (B2)

Wish it was letter E 😒

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7
Q

Liver, milk, while grains, nuts, meats, legumes.
Important in energy metabolism.
Vitamin?

A) Niacin
B) Pyridoxine
C) Choline

A

A) Niacin

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8
Q

This vitamin is important for amino acid metabolism, it is gotten from whole grains, meats, vegetables.

A) biotin
B) B6 pyridoxine
C) B12 ascorbic acid

A

B) B6 pyridoxine

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9
Q

Pantothenic acid is important for energy metabolism.

A

Yes, I did not ask anything. 😌

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10
Q

This vitamin is an acid, it is gotten from legumes, nuts, green leafy vegetables, oranges, broccoli, peas, fortified grains. Involved in nucleic acid metabolism and prevents neural-tube defects

A) ascorbic acid
B) cyanocobalamin
C) hydrochloric acid

A

None

It is folic acid

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11
Q

Characteristics of Cyanocobalamin:

A) meats, eggs, dairy products, enriched cereals.
B) nucleic acid metabolism, maturation of red blood cells
C) English II class team
D) developed the lecture “The Sneeze”
E) members: Roberto, David Mtz, Melo, Emiliano, Robertito, Pepe & Carlos

A

All of them, but these are the important for the exam:

A) meats, eggs, dairy products, enriched cereals.
B) nucleic acid metabolism, maturation of red blood cells

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12
Q

This valve is opened when chyme passes from stomach into small intestine first part: duodenum

A

Pyloric

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13
Q

This enzyme breaks proteins into polypeptide fragments.

A

Pepsin

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14
Q

Smooth muscle contractions that enable food to move “downwards” from the esophagus into the stomach.

A

Peristalsis

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15
Q

Prevent blood from returning from the ventricles to th atria.

A

Valves

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16
Q

Divides the heart in right and left side.

A

Septum

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17
Q

O2-poor blood is always at the… side of the heart.

A

Right

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18
Q

O2 poor blood is pumped to the lungs
CO2 is diffused and O2 is absorbed
O2 rich blood flows to the left side of the heart

Systemic or Pulmonary circulation

A

Pulmonary

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19
Q

Left side pumps O2 rich blood to the body
O2 is absorbed
O2 poor blood flows to the right side of the heart

Systemic or Pulmonary?

A

Systemic

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20
Q

For the atria to contract, the ___________ sets pace, a.k.a. “Pacemaker”, sends an electrical impulse to the ventricles…

A

Sinoatrial

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21
Q

In the ventricles’ contraction, impulse from atria is picked up by ___________________ node,
Impulses is delayer by a fraction of a second

A

Atrioventricular

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22
Q

Which node (SA or AV) is influenced by the autonomic nervous system ?

Note: sympathetic increase heart rate and parasympathetic decrease it.

A

SA, sinoatrial

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23
Q

Normal blood pressure

A

120/80

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24
Q

This device assures the measurement of blood pressure:

A) Sphygnomanometer
B) Sphygmonamometer
C) Sphygmomanometer
D) Esfingomanomiter
E) God
A

C) Sphygmomanometer

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25
Q

Match

  1. Force in arteries when ventricles contract.
  2. Force in arteries when ventricles relax.

A) systolic
B) diastolic

A

1A, 2B

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26
Q

Regulate osmotic pressure and blood volume

A) Fibrinogen
B) Globulin
C) albumin

A

C) albumin

27
Q

Fight viral and bacterial infections (Plasma protein)

A) fibrinogen
B) globulin
C) albumin

A

B) globulin

28
Q

Plasma protein required for blood clotting.

A) fibrinogen
B) globulin
C) albumin

A

A) fibrinogen

29
Q

Red blood cells, a.k.a. ____________, are the most numerous cells in blood, they live up to _________ until they are destroyed in the ___________. The transport oxygen aided by __________, which binds O2 in lungs.

A

Erythrocytes
120
Liver/spleen
Hemoglobin

30
Q

Lymphatic organ where blood flows through and it is cleanses off microorganismos, and removes Old or damaged blood cells.

A

Spleen

31
Q

Bean-shaped enlargements that act as microorganisms’ filter, trapping them.

A

Lymph nodes

32
Q

Accumulation of lymph in blood vessels is called:

A

Edema

33
Q

Match:

  1. Poisonous gas that blocks hemoglobin from binding with oxygen
  2. 60 compounds of it cause cancer
  3. Addictive stimulant that increases heart rate and blood pressure

A. Nicotine
B. Carbon monoxide
C. Tar

A

1B, 2C, 3A

34
Q

Largest region of human brain, responsible for voluntary and conscious activities, aire is intelligence, learning and judgment.

A

Cerebrum

35
Q

Match

  1. Consequences, judgments, plans
  2. Hearing and smell
  3. Reading and speech
  4. Vision

A. Parietal lobe
B. Frontal love
C. Temporal lobe
D. Occipital lobe

A

1B, 2C, 3A, 4D

36
Q

Receives messages from sensory receptors throughout the body and relays the information to the proper region or the cerebrum

A

Thalamus

37
Q

Recognition of hunger, thirst, fatigue, anger.

A

Hypothalamus

38
Q

Second largest region of the brain; responsible for coordination, balance and muscle and joint position; mainly related to movement.

A

Cerebellum

39
Q

Connects the brain and spinal cord

A

Brain stem

40
Q

Regions is the brain stem that regulate the flow of information between the brain and the rest of
The body.

A

Midbrain
Pons
Medulla oblongata

41
Q

Major areas of the brain

A

Cerebrum
Cerebellum
Brain stem

42
Q

Region associated with emotional learning, i.e. Fear and anxiety

A

Amygdala

43
Q

Neurotransmitter related to pleasure and affected by drugs

A

Dopamine

44
Q

Substance that keeps dopamine in the synaptic region longer.

A

Cocaine

45
Q

Substance that stimulates receptors elsewhere in the brain that lead to dopamine release

A

Heroin / opium

46
Q

Substances that increase the release of dopamine

A

Nicotine and alcohol

47
Q

Substance that releases a flood of dopamine,

Producing instant high.

A

Methamphetamine

48
Q

Skull, vertebral column and rib cage

A

Axial skeleton

49
Q

Arms, shoulder area, pelvis, legs

A

Appendicular skeleton

50
Q

During OSSIFICATION, cartilage is replaced by bones. These are formed when _______________ secrete mineral deposits that replace the cartilage and are later matured and converted into ______________ ensuring bone strength.

A

Osteoblasts

Osteocytes

51
Q

Protein in the epidermis responsible for strength and development of nails.

A

Keratin

52
Q

Pigment in the epidermis responsible for skin and eyes’ color

A

Melanin

53
Q

Takes place in Glomerulus, encased to Bowman’s capsule.

A

Filtration

54
Q

Water and dissolved substances are taken back into blood.

Loop of Henle is responsible for conserving water and minimizing the volume of filtrate

A

Reabsorption

55
Q

Blood pressure may damage filter mechanism, and diabetes may provoke the filtration of more blood that normal.

A) kidney stones
B) kidney damage
C) kidney failure

A

B) kidney damage

56
Q

Gland that regulates the growing of human body, its hormone is called Growth Hormone and consists of anterior and posterior parts.

A

Pituitary gland

57
Q

The hypothalamus is the Link between CNS and endocrine system. Controls secretions of pituitary gland.
The ____________ hormone stimulates contractions during childbirth, and the _____________ hormone stimulates the kidney to absorb water

A

Oxytocin

Antidiureric

58
Q

Adrenal glands sit on top of kidneys and help the body deal with stress. The adrenal cortex disposes of 2 hormones: ____________, which controls the rage of metabolism of carbohydrates, days and proteins; __________which regulates blood volume and pressure. In the adrenal medulla, hormones of ___________ and _________ increase heart rate and blood pressure

A

Cortisol
Aldosterone
Epinephrine and norepinephrine

59
Q

Clusters of cells in the pancreas are known as:

A

Islets of Langerhans

60
Q

Beta cells secrete ___________, which promotes glucose uptake
Alpha cells secrete __________, which promotes breakdown of glycogen

A

Insulin

Glucagon

61
Q

Thyroid gland is located at the base of the beck and regulated body’s metabolism,
___________ increases the metabolic rate of fells and ________ reduces calcium levels in blood

A

Thyroxine

Calcitonin

62
Q

Hormone that increases calcium levels in blood

A

Parathyroid hormone (PH)

63
Q

Another name for the reproductive glands

A

Gonads

64
Q

Hormones secreted by reproductive glands

A

Estrogens and testosterone

Biology II FINAL Review (1 decks)

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