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Grade 10 Optics > Review > Flashcards

Review Flashcards

1
Q

What is light?

A

Light is a fast moving energy wave consisted of electric and magnetic waves

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2
Q

What is the speed of light in a vacuum?

A

3.00 x 10^8 m/s

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3
Q

How does light travel?

A

In a straight line

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4
Q

What is a medium

A

A medium is a physical substance that can transfer energy.

water, air, glass

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5
Q

What is frequency?

A

The number of wavelengths per unit of time (Hz)

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6
Q

What is a wavelength

A

The distance between one waves crest and another

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7
Q

What is the electromagnetic spectrum?

A

It measures the frequency, energy, and wavelength of the types of electromagnetic waves

Radio waves —> gamma rays

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8
Q

What is the order of the electromagnetic spectrum

Long to short wavelengths

A 
Radio                 Long
Microwave
Infrared
Visible
Ultraviolet
X-ray
Gamma.             Short
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9
Q

What is the order of the electromagnetic spectrum

Highest to lowest frequency

A 
Gamma.           High
X-ray
Ultraviolet
Visible
Infrared
Microwave
Radio.               Low
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10
Q

What is a use of radio waves

A

Cell phone, radio, tv

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11
Q

What is a use of microwave rays

A

Microwave ovens

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12
Q

Some uses for infrared waves

A

Remote controls, lasers

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13
Q

Uses of visible light

A

Human sight, rainbows

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14
Q

Ultraviolet uses

A

Skin tanning, black lights, skin cancer risk

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15
Q

X-ray uses

A

Cancer treatment, medical imaging

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16
Q

Gamma rays uses

A

Cancer treatment

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17
Q

What are the two sources of light?

A

Luminous- creates its own light

Non luminous- does not create its own light

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18
Q

What are the types of light?

A 
Incandescence
Electric discharge 
Phosphorescence fluorescence 
Chemiluminescence 
Bioluminescence 
LED
Laser
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19
Q

What does L.A.S.E.R. stand for?

A

Light amplification by stimulated emissions of radiation

20
Q

What’s the first law of reflexion?

A

The angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection

21
Q

What is the 2nd law of reflection

A

The incidence, reflected, and normal all lie on the same plane

22
Q

What are the two types of reflections?

A

Specular- smooth surface like a mirror

Diffuse- irregular/ dull surface

23
Q

What is refraction

A

Refraction happens when light travels from one medium into a different one

24
Q

What does SALT stand for?

A

Size
Attitude
Location
Type

25
Q

What are the two types of curved mirrors

A

Concave- curved away from object

Convex- curved toward object

26
Q

Rules for locating images in concave mirrors

A

1- rays parallel to the principal axis reflect through the focus

2- rays going through the focus will reflect parallel to the principal axis

3- rays through the centre will reflect on themselves

4- rays that hit the vertex will follow the 1st rule of reflection

27
Q

What is the salt when the object is placed…

Behind C

A

Smaller
Inverted
Between C and F
Real

28
Q

What is the salt when the object is placed…

Between C and F

A

Bigger
Inverted
Behind C
Real

29
Q

What is the salt when the object is placed…

Inside F

A

Bigger
Upright
Behind mirror
Virtual

30
Q

What is the salt when the object is placed…

On C

A

Same size
Inverted
At C
Real

31
Q

What is the salt when the object is placed…

On F

A

No clear image

32
Q

What are the rule of convex mirror reflections

A

1- Ray parallel to principal axis will reflect as if it came from F

2- Ray aimed towards F will reflect parallel to principal axis

3- Ray aimed at C will reflect on itself

33
Q

What is the salt of an object in a convex mirror

A

Smaller
Upright
Behind mirror
Virtual

34
Q

Rules of refraction

A

1- incidence, normal, and refracted Ray are all in the same plane

2- when speed decreases, light will bend toward the normal

3- when speed increases, light will bend away from the normal

35
Q

What is an index of refraction

A

Amount by which a medium decreases the speed of light

It has no units

Air has the lowest index 1.00 while water is 1.33

36
Q

How do you find the index of refraction

A

N= C
_________
V

C is the speed of light in air
N is the speed of light in any medium

37
Q

What is total internal reflection

A

If the angle of incidence is greater than the critical angle, then there will be a reflection instead of a refraction

38
Q

How do rainbows work

A

Rays of light refract as they enter water droplets which causes dispersions (the different colours) water refracts again once it can leave and forms the rainbow we know

39
Q

How do mirages work

A

Temperature can change the index of refraction of air. if the ground ins hotter than the sky, a gradient is created and when light is refracted it created a virtual image

40
Q

What are the rules for images in converging lenses

A

1- Ray parallel to principal axis will refract through the focus

2- Ray goes through F and refracts parallel to principal axis

3- Ray goes straight through optical centre

41
Q

What is the salt of an image in a converging image if….

It is beyond 2F’

A

Smaller
Inverted
Between 2F and F
Real

42
Q

What is the salt of an image in a converging image if….

It is at 2F’

A

Same size
Inverted
At 2F
Real

43
Q

What is the salt of an image in a converging image if….

Between 2F’ and F

A

Bigger
Inverted
Beyond 2F
Real

44
Q

What is the salt of an image in a converging image if….

At F’

A

No clear image

45
Q

What is the salt of an image in a converging image if….

Inside F’

A

Bigger
Upright
Beyond 2F’
Virtual

46
Q

Rules for locating an image in a diverging lens

A

1- Ray parallel to principal axis is refracted as if it came from F

2- Ray that is aimed at F’ refracted parallel to principal axis

3- Ray that goes through optical centre will continue

47
Q

What is the only salt of any image in a diverging lens

A

Smaller
Upright
Same side as object
Virtual

Grade 10 Optics (5 decks)

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