Review

Question 0

What does Charle’s Law state?

Answer 0

The volume of a fixed mass of gas is directly proportional to its Kelvin temperature, if the pressure is kept constant

Question 1

What does Boyle’s Law state?

Answer 1

For a given mass of gas at constant temperature, the volume of the gas varies inversely with pressure

Question 2

What does Dalton’s Law state?

Answer 2

At constant volume and temperature, the total pressure exerted by a mixture of gases is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of the component gases

Question 3

What does Gay-Lusaac’s Law state?

Answer 3

The pressure of a gas is directly proportional to its Kelvin temperature if the volume is kept constant

Question 4

What is the ideal gas law equation?

Answer 4

P • V = n • R • T

Question 5

What is a calorimeter?

Answer 5

A device used to measure the heat absorbed or released during a chemical or physical process

Question 6

What is a joule?

Answer 6

SI unit of energy

Question 7

What is a enthalpy?

Answer 7

The heat content of a system at constant pressure

Question 8

Why does air escape from a tire when the tire valve is opened?

Answer 8

The pressure outside the tire is lower than the pressure inside the tire

Question 9

A metal tank contains three gases: oxygen, helium, and nitrogen. If the partial pressures of the three gases in the tank are 35 atm of O_2, 5 atm or N_2, and 25 atm of He, what is the total pressure inside of the tank?

Answer 9

65 atm

Question 10

What type of atomic orbitals are in the third principal energy level?

Answer 10

S, P and D only

Question 11

If the spin of one electron in an orbital is clockwise, what is the spin of the other electron in that orbital?

Answer 11

Counterclockwise

Question 12

What does the symbol (triangle)H stand for?

Answer 12

The heat of reaction for a chemical reaction

Question 13

Which electron configuration of the 4f energy sublevel is the most stable?

Answer 13

4f^14

Question 14

Which of these changes would NOT cause an increase in the pressure of a contained gas?

Answer 14

The volume of the container is increased

Question 15

What is the maximum number of f orbitals in any single energy level in an atom?

Answer 15

7

Question 16

What is the maximum number i electrons in the second principal energy level?

Answer 16

8

Question 17

The temperature inside my fridge is about 4° C. If I place a balloon in my fridge that initially has a temperature of 22° C and a volume of 0.5 liters, what will be the volume of the balloon when it is fully cooled by my fridge?

Answer 17

.47 L

Question 18

What is the number of electrons in the outermost energy level of an oxygen atom?

Answer 18

6

Question 19

When the temperature and number of particles of a gas are constant, which of the following is also constant?

Answer 19

The product of the pressure and volume

Question 20

What would likely happen if you to touch the flask in which an endothermic reaction were occurring?

Answer 20

The flask would probably feel cooler than before the reaction started

Question 21

As the temperature is a fixed volume of a gas increases, the pressure will…

Answer 21

Increase

Question 22

What happens to the partial pressure of oxygen in a sample of air if the temperature is increased?

Answer 22

It increases

Question 23

If I have 21 liters of gas held as a pressure of 78 atm and a temperature of 900 K, what will the volume of the gas be if I decrease the pressure to 45 atm and decrease the temperature to 750 K?

Answer 23

30.3 L

Question 24

The combined gas law relates which of the following?

Answer 24

Temperature, pressure, and volume

Question 25

Why is a gas easier to compress than a liquid or a solid?

Answer 25

The volume of a gas's particles is a small compared to the overall volume of the gas

Question 26

A process that absorbs heat is a(n)...

Answer 26

Endothermic process

Question 27

How many energy sublevels are in the second principal energy level?

Answer 27

2

Question 28

The volume of a gas is reduced from 4 L to 0.5 L while the temperature is held constant. How does the gas pressure change?

Answer 28

It increases by a factor of eight

Question 29

Which law can we used to calculate the number of miles of a contained gas?

Answer 29

Ideal gas law

Question 30

Which of the following is transferred due to a temperature difference?

Answer 30

Heat

Question 31

In general, for gas at a constant volume,...

Answer 31

The pressure of the gas is directly proportional to its temperature in kelvins

Question 32

How is the ideal gas law usually written?

Answer 32

PV = nRT

Question 33

What happens to the temperature of a gas when it is compressed?

Answer 33

The temperature increases

Question 34

If 4 miles of gas are added to a container that already holds 1 mole of gas, how will the pressure change inside the container?

Answer 34

The pressure will be five times higher

Question 35

How many half-filled orbitals are in a bromine atom?

Answer 35

1

Question 36

In an exothermic reaction, the energy stored in the chemical bombs of the reactants is...

Answer 36

Greater than the energy stored in the bonds of the products

Question 37

If oxygen is removed from a sample of air as iron rusts, what happens to the partial pressure of oxygen in the air?

Answer 37

It decreases

Question 38

Stable electron configurations are likely to contains...

Answer 38

Filled energy sublevels

Question 39

A sample of gas occupies 17 mL at -112° C. What volume does the sample occupy at 70° C?

Answer 39

36 mL

Question 40

What does the pressure inside a container of gas increase if more gas is added to the container?

Answer 40

There is an increase in the number of collisions between particles and the walls of the container

Question 41

What is the maximum number of d orbitals in a principal energy level?

Answer 41

5

Question 42

If a balloon is squeezed, what happens to the pressure of the gas inside the balloon?

Answer 42

It increases

Question 43

At a certain temperature and pressure, 0.20 mol of carbon dioxide has a volume of 3.1 L. A 3.1-L sample of hydrogen at the same temperature and pressure...

Answer 43

Contains the same number of moles

Question 44

If the atmospheric pressure on Mt. Everest is one-third the atmospheric pressure at sea level, the partial pressure of oxygen on Everest is...

Answer 44

One-third its pressure at sea level

Question 45

A gas takes up a volume of 17 liters, has a pressure of 2.3 atm, and a temperature of 299 K. If I raise the temperature to 350 K and lower the pressure to 1.5 atm, what is the new volume of the gas?

Answer 45

30.5 L

Question 46

Atmospheric pressure on the peak of Mt. Everest can be as low as 150 mm Hg, which is why climbers need to bring oxygen tanks for the last part of the climb. If the climbers carry 10.0 liter tanks with an internal gas pressure of 3.04 • 10^4 mm Hg, what will be the volume of the gas when it is released from the tanks?

Answer 46

2,000 L

Question 47

When the pressure and number of particles of a gas are constant, which of the following is also constant?

Answer 47

The ratio of the volume and temperature in kelvins

Question 48

If three electrons are available to fill three empty 2p atomic orbitals, how will the electrons be distributed in the three orbitals?

Answer 48

One electron in each orbital

Question 49

In a thermonuclear device, the pressure of 0.050 liters of gas within the bomb casing reaches 4.0 • 10^6 atm. When the bomb casing is destroyed by the explosion, the gas is released into the atmosphere is where reaches a pressure of 1.00 atm. What is the volume of the gas after the explosion?

Answer 49

200,000 L

Question 50

What does the ideal gas allow a scientist to calculate that the other gas laws do not?

Answer 50

Number of miles

Question 51

A soda bottle is flexible enough that the volume of the bottle can change even without opening it. If you have an empty soda bottle (volume of 2 L) at room temperature (25° C), what will the new volume be if you put it in your freezer (-4°C)?

Answer 51

1.81 L

Question 52

If I have 7.7 moles of gas at a pressure of 0.09 atm and a temperature of 56° C, what is the volume of the container that the gas is in?

Answer 52

2,310 L

Question 53

Synthetic diamonds can be manufactured at pressures of 6.00 • 10^4 atm. If we took 2.00 liters of gas at 1.00 atm and compressed it to a pressure of 6.00 • 10^4, what would the volume of that has be?

Answer 53

.0000333 L

Question 54

Which of the following electron configurations of outer sublevels is the most stable?

Answer 54

4d^5 • 5s^1

Question 55

Blast furnaces give off many unpleasant and unhealthy gases. If the total air pressure is 0.99 atm, the partial pressure of carbon dioxide is 0.05 atm, and the partial pressure of hydrogen sulfide is 0.02 atm, what is the partial pressure of the remaining air?

Answer 55

0.92 atm

Question 56

A piece of metal is heated, then submerged in cool water. Which statement below describes what happens?

Answer 56

The temperature of the water will increase and the temperature of the metal with decrease

Question 57

If I have 2.4 miles of gas held at a temperature of 370 K and in a container with a volume of 45 liters, what is the pressure of the gas?

Answer 57

1.62 atm

Question 58

How many joules are in 148 calories? ( 1 cal = 4.18 J )

Answer 58

619 J

Question 59

Under what conditions of temperature and pressure is the behavior of real gases most like that of ideal gases?

Answer 59

Low temperature and high pressure

Question 60

The volume of a gas is doubled while the temperature is held constant. How does the gas pressure change?

Answer 60

It is reduced by one half

Question 61

How many unpaired electrons are in a sulfur atom (atomic number 16)?

Answer 61

2

Question 62

If I initially have a gas at a pressure of 12 atm, and a volume of 23 liters, and a temperature of 200 K, and then I raise the pressure to 14 atm and increase the temperature to 300 K, what is the new volume of the gas?

Answer 62

29.6 L

Question 63

For the reactions 2H_2(g) + O_2(g) --> 2H_2O(g), how many liters of water can be made from 5 L of oxygen gas and an excess of hydrogen?

Answer 63

10 L

Question 64

If a balloon is heated, what happens to the pressure of the air inside the balloon if the volume remains constant?

Answer 64

It increases

Question 65

What is the maximum number of orbitals in the p sublevel?

Answer 65

3

Question 66

When the volume and number of particles of a gas are constant, which of the following is also constant?

Answer 66

The ratio of the pressure and temperature in kelvins

Question 67

If oxygen is removed from a sample of air as iron rusts, what happens to the total pressure of the air?

Answer 67

It decreases

Question 68

If the volume of a container of air is reduced by one-half, what happens to the partial pressure of oxygen within the container?

Answer 68

It is doubled

Question 69

For the reaction 2H_2(g) + O_2(g) --> 2H_2O(g), how many liters of water can be made from 34 grams of oxygen gas and 6.0 grams of hydrogen gas at STP? What is the limiting reactant for this reaction?

Answer 69

47.6 L H_2O, 67.2 L H_2O, O_2 is limiting

Question 70

A man beats a balloon in the oven. If the balloon initially has a volume of 0.4 liters and a temperature of 20° C, what will the volume of the balloon be after he heats it to a temperature of 250° C?

Answer 70

0.71 L

Question 71

If I have 4 moles of gas at a pressure of 5.6 atm and a volume of 12 liters, what is the temperature?

Answer 71

205 K

Question 72

If a balloon is heated, what happens to the volume of the air in the balloon if the pressure is constant?

Answer 72

It increases

Question 73

What is the best next atomic orbital in the series 1s, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p?

Answer 73

4s

Question 74

What is the electron configurations of potassium?

Answer 74

1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 4s^1

Question 75

If the volume of a container of gas is reduced, what will happen to the pressure inside the container?

Answer 75

The pressure will increase

Question 76

What is the shape of the 3p atomic orbital?

Answer 76

Dumbbell