Review 2nd Quiz Flashcards
Dopler effect
Pitch of something changes as it nears you or gets farther away
What is frequency response?
Range of frequencies audio equipment can produce
What is headroom?
Cushion in volume before distortion
What’s a transient?
Sudden change in sound, especially loud volume
What’s dynamic range?
Range of soft vs loud volume
What’s a transducer?
Converts energy to a different form, electrical voltage
What’s the 60-60 rule?
Limit listening through headphones to no more than one hour per day at levels below 60 percent of maximum volume
Distortion
Appearance of a signal in the reproduced sound that was not the original sound
Intermodulation distortion
When two or more frequencies occur at the same time and interact to create combination tones and dissonances unrelated to the original sounds
Harmonic distortion
Occurs when the audio system introduces harmonics into a recording that were not present originally (usually happens when input and output of a sound system are nonlinear)
Transient distortion
Inability of audio component to respond quickly to a rapidly changing signal (sometimes produces ringing sound)
Loudness distortion
When a signal is recorded or played back at a loudness greater than the sound system can handle
Anechoic chamber
Room with no reflections of any kind
Linearity
Frequencies fed to a loudspeaker at a particular loudness are reproduced at the same loudness
Sensitivity
The on-axis sound-pressure level a loudspeaker produces at a given distance when driven at a certain power
Polar response
Indicates how a loudspeaker focuses sound at the monitoring position
Coverage angle
Off-axis angle or point at which loudspeaker level is down 6 dB compared with the on-axis output level
Polarity
Arrival time and volume elements of sound having to do with phasing
Where to place speakers for the best sound?
Elevated, at an angle facing towards you, center speakers behind the screen, etc.
Woofers
Play lows
Tweeters
Play highs
Crossover network
Divides the frequency spectrum between the low and high frequencies
What does the dividing up for mids?
Three way and four way system loudspeakers
What is phasing?
Differences in the arrival time of sound
Far-field monitoring
Large loudspeaker systems that can deliver very wide frequency response at moderate to quite loud levels with relative accuracy
Near-field monitoring
Reduces the audibility of control room acoustics by placing loudspeakers close to the listening position
Circumaural headphones
Detects ambient noise enforce it reaches the ears and nullifies it by synthesizing the sound waves
IEM
In ear monitor, used by musicians in live concerts to hear the live music and provide a high level of noise reduction for ear protection
Nonlinear editing
(Digital) allows assembly of digitally sampled material in or out of sequence, taken from any part of a recording, and placed in any other part of the recording almost instantly
Non-destructive editing
Changes only the pointers, not the audio data. Not having to take a blade to the tape, etc. (ex. Undo command, digital editing)
Waveform
Displays the profile of a sound’s amplitude over time
Scrubbing
Let’s you move the cursor using a mouse through the defined region at any speed and listen to the section being scrubbed
Jogging
Facilitates an editor’s ability to navigate or skip through a clip, region, or entire project quickly and with greater ease
Destructive editing
Changes the data by overwriting it
Segue
The playing of two or more recordings with no live announcing in between or live announcing over the segue (analogous to the word cut in film)
Crossfade
Accomplishes the same thing as the fade-out fade-in but more fluid and graceful (think radio)
soft cut
When a change is brief but not quite as abrupt as a cut nor as deliberate as a dissolve (a somewhat gentler way to move from one audio cue to another)
Zero-crossing
Point where the waveform crosses the centerline (zero amplitude and divides the positive and negative parts of the waveform). By using this, you avoid/minimize popping or clicking sound at the transition between two regions
EDL
(Edit decision list) list generated during editing that includes all edit points of an audio segment, the nature of the transitions, duration of the edit, and cross references to other source media
Ambience
Background sound, room tone, presence
Looping
Section of audio that is repeated, with its start and end having no perceptible edit point
Comping
Taking the best parts of each recorded track and combining them into a composite final version
Listening fatigue
Reduced ability to receive or remember the nuances of sound (after editing for long periods of time)
D.A.W.
Digital Audio Workstation (most dominant right now is protools)
Foley
Going back (post-audio)
