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(S&L) Reviews > Review 2 (15-19 May) > Flashcards

Review 2 (15-19 May) Flashcards

1
Q

List the chain/cycle of infection steps. (5)

A
  1. Reservoir host
  2. Means of exit
  3. Means of transmission
  4. Means of entry
  5. Susceptible host
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2
Q

Define “hemoconcentration” and present one common reason for it. (2)

A
  1. Hemoconcentration: increase in non-filterable analytes

2. Using a tourniquet for over 60s

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3
Q

What is RBC count most affected by?

A

Altitude

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4
Q

Define: venous stasis

A

Impairment or stoppage of blood flow

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5
Q

What is the main purpose of PPE?

A

To reduce or eliminate the risk/exposure of the wearer to harmful substances

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6
Q

How is glacial acetic acid stored? (2)

A
  1. At room temperature

2. In a safety cabinet

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7
Q

What does a centrifuge do?

A

Separate substances according to relative densities by spinning rapidly (applying centrifugal force)

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8
Q

What are the typical settings on an autoclave and what aspect sterilizes items within it? (3)

A
  1. In 121 degrees celsius for 15min
  2. At 15 psi
  3. Steam under pressure
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9
Q

What does a pH meter specifically do?

A

Measure the hydrogen ion concentration (acidity/alkalinity)

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10
Q

Differentiate between TC and TD. (2)

A
  1. TD = To deliver → last drop is not blow out (gravity is used)
  2. TC = To contain → last drop remaining needs to be blown out
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11
Q

What does BSP stand for and what does it regulate? (2)

A
  1. BSP = body substance precautions
  2. Regulations state that all specimens, fluids, tissues, smears, blood, serum, plasma, swabs, etc must be considered potentially infectious and what must be worn in the lab
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12
Q

What does an analytical balance provide?

A

Precise measurement of weight

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13
Q

Define: graduated cylinder

A

Long straight-sided container with calibrated markings with a high degree of accuracy → used for 24hr urine volumes

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14
Q

What is the purpose of the buckets in the centrifuge?

A

Used to prevent broken glassware and aerosols from spreading

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15
Q

Explain the procedure you would follow if your patient has lost consciousness. (5)

A
  1. Immediately discontinue draw
  2. Protect the patient from falling
  3. Ask for assistance
  4. Get a cold cloth and water
  5. Report incident to supervisor
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16
Q

Define: beaker

A

Wide, straight-sided cylindrical vessel used to make estimated measurements for mixing

17
Q

Define: flint glass

A

Inexpensive glass with low-resistance to heat and chemicals

18
Q

Define: incubator

A

An enclosed apparatus providing a controlled environment which may grow bacteria

19
Q

Define: microtome

A

Instrument used for cutting extremely thin sections of tissues for viewing under a microscope in pathology

20
Q

Define: polypropylene

A

Lightweight plastic that can withstand heat sterilization

21
Q

Define: borosilicate glass

A

Non-reactive glass with high thermal resistance and is used in most quality lab ware

22
Q

Define: hemolysis

A

Damage or destruction of red blood cells

23
Q

Define: oxidizing material

A

Substance which may cause materials to ignite more readily

24
Q

Define: flashpoint

A

Temperature at which a substance ignites in vapour/gaseous form

25
Q

List 5 items that are disposed of through regular (non-regulated) waste. (5)

A
  1. Gloves
  2. Lab coat (disposable)
  3. Plastic transfer pipettes
  4. Used urine container (if no visible blood is contained)
  5. Needle caps
26
Q

List 6 non-sharp items that are autoclaved for disposal. (6)

A
  1. Contaminated gloves
  2. Contaminated gauze squares
  3. Bloody cotton balls
  4. Full collection tubes (plastic tubes)
  5. Urine culture (autoclaved as this is not sterile!)
  6. Sealed serum/plasma transfer tubes
27
Q

List 4 items that are disposed of in a biohazardous sharps container. (4)

A
  1. Needles (used/unused)
  2. Capillary tubes (glass)
  3. Microscope slides
  4. Glass collection tubes
28
Q

What type of specimen is already sterile at the time of disposal?

A

Urine (no culture and no visible blood)

29
Q

What is another name for PYREX and what is the chemical name? (2)

A
  1. KIMAX

2. Borosilicate glass

30
Q

List 3 advantages to plasticware in the lab. (3)

A
  1. Inexpensive
  2. Durable (unbreakable)
  3. Some chemicals (alkaline) must be stored in plastic
31
Q

What 2 large groups can glassware be separated into? (2)

A
  1. Containers and receivers

2. Volumetric ware

32
Q

Give 4 examples of containers/ receivers. (4)

A
  1. Beakers
  2. Test tubes
  3. Erlenmeyer flasks
  4. Reagent bottles
33
Q

Give 3 examples of volumetric ware. (3)

A
  1. Automatic and manual pipettes
  2. Volumetric flasks
  3. Graduated cylinders

(S&L) Reviews (4 decks)

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