Review

Question 1

what is the main difference between a CT and MRI

Answer 1

a CT scan is better at visualizing bones and denser tissues, while an MRI provides a more detailed view of soft tissues like muscles, ligaments, and organs

Question 2

what is a CT angiogram looking at?

Answer 2

the tissue and vasculature

Question 3

causes of febrile seizures

Answer 3

fever, spike in temp

Question 4

modifiable risk factors for stroke

Answer 4

smoking
HTN
DM
hyperlipidemia
poor diet
sedentary lifestyle

Question 5

what is the biggest risk factor for a TIA/CVA

Answer 5

hypertension

Question 6

what is an early sign of peripheral neuropathy

Answer 6

pain, numbness, tingling

Question 7

what would be a good outcome in someone with PN

Answer 7

decrease in pain, numbness, tingling

Question 8

where is PN usually felt

Answer 8

in lower extremities

Question 9

what is PN usually linked to

Answer 9

diabetes

Question 10

is Reye’s syndrome rare or common

Answer 10

rare

Question 11

who is at risk for developing Reye’s syndrome

Answer 11

post-viral infection (flu or varicella) and aspirin use

Question 12

what does Reye’s syndrome follow?

Answer 12

a viral infection

Question 13

what are signs and symptoms that are associated with Reye’s syndrome

Answer 13

CONFUSION
lethargy
irritability
seizures

Question 14

what diet modification for dysphagia

Answer 14

thickened liquids and puree diet

Question 15

what precautions for bacterial meningitis

Answer 15

droplet and isolation

Question 16

what is one thing to watch with bacterial meningitis

Answer 16

seizures

Question 17

where is an environment that you could get bacterial meningitis

Answer 17

crowded, like dorms or schools

Question 18

patient presents with headache, fever, and neck stiffness. what to do?

Answer 18

this patient has the meningitis triad SO put them in isolation and let the provider know

Question 19

education for CVA/TIA

Answer 19

manage BP
good diet
exercise
smoking cessation

Question 20

how long seizure free til you can get off seizure meds?

Answer 20

2 years

Question 21

signs and symptoms of Parkinson’s disease (5)

Answer 21

tremors
shuffling gait
dysphagia
constipation
akinesia

Question 22

will a pt with PD have issues with ADLs?

Answer 22

yes

Question 23

nursing interventions with a pt with PD who has dysphagia

Answer 23

thicken liquids

Question 24

education for safe ambulation for PD

Answer 24

use cane or walker

Question 25

define bradykinesia

Answer 25

slow/delayed movement

Question 26

can a person survive a CA

Answer 26

yes

Question 27

what to monitor in a pt who just had clipping surgery for a ruptured aneurysm

Answer 27

they should be relieved in pain so no headache

Question 28

what to control to prevent an unruptured aneurysm rupturing?

Answer 28

blood pressure

Question 29

left sided brain impairment=what sided weakness?

Answer 29

right

Question 30

define how a tension-type headache would present

Answer 30

dull band-like pressure

Question 31

define how a cluster headache would present

Answer 31

severe pain behind or around one eye, has swelling and lacrimation

Question 32

define migraine

Answer 32

unilateral throbbing in one side of face accompanied with nausea and vomitting

Question 33

prodromal phase of migraine: S/S

Answer 33

Sensitivity of light, sound, and odor Fatigue Uncontrolled yawning Food cravings Excessive thirst Mood swings Constipation or diarrhea

Question 34

aura phase of migraine: S/S

Answer 34

Visual, sensory, or motor disturbances Tunnel vision or complete blindness Visual field loss Heaviness in limbs Speech and language disturbances Scintillating scotoma (a spot of flickering light near the center of the visual field) Tingling sensations in face and limbs

Question 35

headache phase of migraine: S/S

Answer 35

Nausea/vomiting Photophobia (sensitivity to light) Phonophobia (sensitivity to sound) Rhinorrhea (runny nose) Lachrymation (eye tearing) Loss of appetite Fatigue

Question 36

postdromal phase of migraine: S/S

Answer 36

Pain with movement in the same location of migraine Exhaustion Dizziness Difficulty concentrating Euphoric feeling (great happiness or excitement)

Question 37

define difference in TIA/CVA

Answer 37

TIA is temporary low oxygen attack, not permanent, resolves in less than 24 hours (mini-stroke) CVA is longer-lasting and can have long-term impacts

Question 38

tPA

Answer 38

ischemic stroke Give withing 3-4.5 hours of onset of manifestations door to need time is usually 60 mins

Question 39

seizure interventions

Answer 39

safety turn on side protect airway

Question 40

what is an absence seizure

Answer 40

no consciousness; daydreaming; generalized seizure

Question 41

what is a myoclonic seizure

Answer 41

maintains consciousness; brief muscle contractions; generalized seizure

Question 42

what is a tonic-clonic seizure

Answer 42

loss of consciousness, tense for a few secs, then contractions of jerking and relaxing of muscles

Question 43

patient with epilepsy is in aura. why is this priority?

Answer 43

close to seizure!

Question 44

sudden onset of seizures is from?

Answer 44

cerebral edema from infection