review

Question 1

It was one of the earliest known kingdoms in Southeast Asia, located in the Mekong Delta region. It flourished from the 1st to the 6th century CE and was an important center of maritime trade.

Answer 1

Funan

Question 2

was a powerful maritime empire based in Sumatra that dominated trade in the Strait of Malacca from the 7th to the 13th century. It was known for its wealth, naval power, and patronage of Buddhism.

Answer 2

Srivajaya

Question 3

Were known for their impressive Buddhist monuments, including the famous Borobudur temple.

Answer 3

Sailendra

Question 4

Succeeded the Sailendras in Java

Shifted from Buddhism to Hinduism

Built Hindu temples at Prambanan

defeated by Srivijaya in 1006

Answer 4

Mataram

Question 5

It is centered at Angkor in present-day Cambodia, was one of the most powerful and long-lasting states in Southeast Asian history. It flourished from the 9th to the 15th century and was known for its monumental architecture, including the temple complex of Angkor Wat

The empire’s power was based on a sophisticated system of water management and rice cultivation..

Answer 5

Khmer Empire

Question 6

Southeast Asia’s strategic location between China and India made it a crucial intermediary in the Asian trade network. Ports like those of Funan and Srivijaya became wealthy by facilitating and controlling this trade.

Answer 6

Maritime Trade

Question 7

It existed alongside the Srivijaya empire based in Sumatra and maintained trade relations with China and India

emerged as a powerful kingdom in eastern Java around 1042 CE, when King Airlangga divided his realm between his two sons

became a dominant maritime power in Southeast Asia in the 12th century, surpassing even Srivijaya according to some Chinese accounts

Answer 7

Kediri

Question 8

Founded by Ken Angrok in 1222

Reached its peak under King Kertanagara (1268-1292)

Promoted a syncretic Shiva-Buddha cult

Briefly dominated both Sumatra and Java before falling to Mongol invasion

Answer 8

Singhasari

Question 9

Founded by Ramadhipati (1350-1369), who introduced a new legal system

King Trailok (1448-1488) implemented significant administrative reforms, including:

Centralization of government

Distinction between civilian and military functions

Creation of a social system based on economic holdings (sakdi na)

Answer 9

The Ayuthaya Kingdom

Question 10

Founded by Vijaya after the Mongol invasion of Java in 1292

Reached its peak under Gajah Mada (1331-1364) and King Rajasanagara (1350-1389)

Controlled most of the Indonesian archipelago but declined with the rise of Malacca and the spread of Islam

Answer 10

Majapahit