Review

Question 1

Define replication

Answer 1

When DNA makes DNA

Question 2

Define transcription

Answer 2

When DNA makes mRNA

Question 3

Define translation

Answer 3

When mRNA codes for amino acid(protein)

Question 4

Define mutation

Answer 4

Any change in DNA

Question 5

6CO2+6H2O-> C6H12O6+6O2 represents what?

Answer 5

Photosynthesis

Question 6

What is the function of tRNA?

Answer 6

To transfer amino acid to ribosomes while making protein.

Question 7

Which cellular process converts solar energy into chemical energy?

Answer 7

Photosynthesis

Question 8

Why is a pyramid used to represent energy flow within a ecosystem?

Answer 8

Because the amount of energy transferred lessens through the food chain.

Question 9

Which organelle modifies cell products and then packages them for distribution?

Answer 9

The golgi

Question 10

Zebra mussels were first discovered in the Great Lakes thirty years ago and have since spread to lakes throughout the region. Zebra mussels reproduce quickly and have few natural predators. What will most likely happen to other native mussel species in the great Lakes region?

Answer 10

Natural selection will take its course

Question 11

Why is a bacterial call classified as a prokaryote?

Answer 11

Because it does not have a nucleus.

Question 12

Which tropic level has the greatest total amount of energy to transfer to the next level?

Answer 12

Tropic level #1

Question 13

What is the primary function of DNA in organisms?

Answer 13

Controls your features.

Question 14

A cell requires energy to move materials from an area of low concentration, across the cell membrane, to an area of high concentration. What is this process called?

Answer 14

Active transport

Question 15

What are the reactant and product of photosynthesis and cellular respiration?

Answer 15

Photosynthesis:
Reactant- 6CO2 + 6 H20 + sunlight
Product- c6h12o6 + 6o2
Cellular respiration:
Reactant- c6h12o6 + 6o2
Product-6CO2 + 6 H20+ energy(ATP)

Question 16

What is the relationship between those two processes?

Answer 16

Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are interdependent meaning they rely on one another.

Question 17

How do enzymes function in the body?

Answer 17

Enzymes lower down the activation energy to start any chemical reaction and increase the rate of the chemical reaction.

Question 18

what is the range of pI is considered
as acid and what is the range of PH is considered as base or alkaline?

Answer 18

Acid- below 7
Neutral- 7
Alkaline/base- above 7
Range is 0-14

Question 19

How does pH and temperature affect enzyme activities in our body?

Answer 19

Enzymes can be destroyed in the presence of high temperature or different pH, this is because the active sites shape will change causing the substrate to be unable to fit into the active site.

Question 20

What is a karyotype?

Answer 20

The arrangement of chromosomes in our cells.

Question 21

How many pairs of chromosomes are present in human karyotype?

Answer 21

There are 23 pairs of chromosomes

Question 22

Algae-›Zooplankton >Minnow >Perch->Hawk.
What would most likely result if bacteria caused the death of most of the minnow
population?

Answer 22

Zooplankton population will increase

Question 23

Cystic fibrosis is a hereditary disease that affects the respiratory and digestive systems. Cystic fibrosis occurs when two recessive genes (cc) are present. A person with one allele for cystic fibrosis is called a carrier (Cc) of the disease. If the mother is a carrier of the disease and the father is homozygous dominant, what are the chances that their child will
be a carrier of cystic fibrosis?

Answer 23

There will be a 50% chance their child will be a carrier for the disease.

Question 24

Two finches share a common ancestor from South America. What is the most likely way that one ancestral finch species will develop into two distinet species?

Answer 24

Prolonged isolation

Question 25

Difference between animal and plant cell cytokinesis

Answer 25

In animal cell cytokinesis the cytoplasm divides by the cell forming cleavage, but in plant cell cytokinesis the cell forms a cell plate down the middle of the cell in order to divide.

Question 26

Each body cell of an organism contains 30 chromosomes. What is the number of chromosomes in an egg cell, produced by meiosis?

Answer 26

15 chromosomes

Question 27

What is the function of ATP?

Answer 27

To provide/carry energy

Question 28

An ecosystem has a stable population of white-tailed deer. What is the most likely outcome if a new species of deer that competed for the same resources were introduced?

Answer 28

The producer population will decrease

Question 29

In a deciduous forest ecosystem, a white tailed deer eats tree leaves while a hawk hunts a downy woodpecker. In the ground, earthworms break down eaves. What type of organism the Hawk is?

Answer 29

The hawk is a consumer

Question 30

Deciduous meaning

Answer 30

Producers that shed their leaves in the fall

Question 31

coniferous meaning

Answer 31

Producers that are evergreen and do not shed their leaves(usually have cones)

Question 32

An isolated population of fritillary, a species of butterfly, lives in a damp meadow. The fritillary larvae feed only on a species of violet plant that lives in the meadow. The adult fritillary does not fly far from the violet plants. One summer, a virus causes the violet plants to die. As a result of the absence of violets, what will happen to the fritillary population?

Answer 32

Their population will decrease

Question 33

Difference between meiosis and mitosis

Answer 33

Mitosis is equal division while meiosis is a reduction division. Meiosis is used of reproduction while mitosis is used for growth and repair.

Question 34

Reduction division meaning

Answer 34

Chromosome number reduces by half

Question 35

Equal division

Answer 35

Chromosome number stays the same.

Question 36

What is the polymer of amino acid?

Answer 36

Protein

Question 37

Which two structures are not present in animal cells?

Answer 37

- cell wall - chloroplast

Question 38

A scientist want to determine how closely Tibetan antelopes are related to North American antelopes. Which evidence would be MOST accurate to compare?

Answer 38

DNA evidence

Question 39

A student notices that the lettuce in a salad wilts soon after salt is added. What is the reason behind it?

Answer 39

Because it becomes hypertonic and looses water.

Question 40

Hypertonic meaning?

Answer 40

The cell will shrink

Question 41

Hypotonic meaning

Answer 41

The cell will expand

Question 42

Difference between exponential and logistic growth?

Answer 42

Exponential : J- shaped Logistical: S - shaped

Question 43

A cross between a red rose and a white rose produced plants with only pink flowers. What is this pattern of inheritance?

Answer 43

Incomplete dominance

Question 44

In certain species of guinea pigs, black fur is dominant to white fur. If a white male guinea pig is crossed with a black homozygous dominant female, what is the probability of having offspring with black fur?

Answer 44

100% black fur

Question 45

One Parent has purple flowers (Pp) and the other parent has white flowers (Pp).Which offspring expected from this cross?

Answer 45

2:2 (purple:white)

Question 46

If 10% of a DNA sample is made up of thymine, I, what percentage of the sample is made up of cytosine, C?

Answer 46

A=T G=C A+T+G+C=100% C= 40%

Question 47

Which process most contributes to genetic variation in a population?

Answer 47

Mutation

Question 48

A) You have a DNA sequence that codes for a protein and is 39 nucleotides long. How many amino acids they can make?

Answer 48

13 amino acids can be made

Question 49

A frame shift mutation occurs at the 31st base- how many amino acids will be correct in this protein?

Answer 49

10 amino acids will be correct