Review

Question 1

theorem 2

Answer 1

rearfoot always tries to compensate a forefoot pathology by equalling degrees

Question 2

theorem 3

Answer 2

rearfoot valgus stable vs unstable, relate it to GRF and central body weight

Question 3

theorem 4

Answer 3

break down equinus compensation being pronation vs supination

Question 4

LA-SOS

Answer 4

vital to understanding forefoot compensation
-amount of degrees available at the midtarsal joints (5-7)

Question 5

Forefoot varus vs supinatus

Answer 5

varis: rigid, congenital, structural
supinatus: flexible, positional, acquired deformity (through equinus or other pronatory force)

varus: thin, irreducible and much rarere
supinatus: excessive pronation, so we see a flat floot that is reducible
-hypermobile first ray

Question 6

NCSP/RCSP calculations

Answer 6

stance positions include tibial influence
-if there is 0 degrees, calculated STJ neutral is equal to calculated NCSP

Question 7

apropulsive gait

Answer 7

pronated foot/clinical flatfoot

Question 8

forefoot valgus vs plantarflexed 1st ray

Answer 8

valgus: flexible or rigid and metatarsals lie in 1st plane
Plantarflexed 1st ray: rigid and in two planes
-1st ray with more plantar motion than dorsal

Question 9

hip flexion vs extension

Answer 9

flexed and decreased ROM= hamstring tightness
extended and decreased ROM= ligamentocapsular tightness

Question 10

developmental changes at the knee

Answer 10

Normal developmental changes:
Birth: varum (bowl-legged)
Age 2: straight
Age 4: valgum (knock-knee)
Age 6: straight

Question 11

malleolar position

Answer 11

lack of malleolar torsion= intoeing

Question 12

internal knee position related to the hip

Answer 12

Increased internal range of motion
-Internal knees
-Increased internal range of motion
–Tight medial hamstrings
–Antetorsion
–Anteversion

Decreased internal range of motion
-Dislocated hip
-Slipped femoral epiphysis
-Legg-Calve-Perthes disease
–Painful and guarded