Review Flashcards
What organ, if disease is present, effects metabolism of drugs?
Liver
If liver disease is present, what is true about the dosage the patient should receive?
They require lower dose
Drugs actions and effects within the body
Pharmacodynamic
Activities of the drug after it enters the body
Study of drug absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion
Pharmacokinetics
Factors that effect drug response
Age Weight Bender Disease (liver) Route of administration Drug use and pregnancy
Most frequent route of drug administration, rarely causes physical discomfort when taken properly
Oral
Drug route given directly into the blood via needle or catheter inserted into the vein . Drug action occurs immediately
IV
Does transdermal administration have local or systemic effect
Systemic
Does topical route have local or systemic effect
Local
Does inhalation route cause local or systemic reaction
Local
What are the classes of anti depressants
- Tricyclic antidepressant
- MAOI
- SSRI
- SNRI
- Serotonin reputable inhibitor antagonist
- Dopamine/norepinephrine trip take inhibitor
What is the general action by which antipsychotics work
Block Dopamine
How do anti convulsants work?
Reduce the excitability of neurons in the brain
What is the basic action by which local anesthetics work?
Prevent initiation of normal nerve impulses
Name 3 classes of action for NSAIDS
Analgesics
Antipyridics
Anti inflammatory
Adverse effects of long term NSAID use
GI upset,
GI bleed,
Prolonged bleeding
How do Narcotic analgesics work?
Bind to opioid receptor, altering perception and response to pain
What is the drug used to reverse the effects of narcotics
Naloxone. It is a comptitive antgonist
How do antihistamines work?
Block histamine 1 receptors
How do beta blockers work?
Block the beta receptors to decrease the heart rate
What do expectorants and mucolytics do?
Loosen and mobilize the thick sputum
example of an expectorant
Acetylcysteine
example of a mucolytic
Guaifenesin
Name an antiarrhythmia
amiodorone
Name a diuretic
Furosemide
Anti Hyperlipidemic-
- Loop Diuretic- furosemide
- Carbonic anhydrase inhibtors - acetazolamide
- Osmotic Diuretic- Mannitol
- Thiazide diuretic -Hydochlorthiazide
- Potassium sparring- Spironolactone
Antacid uses
Heart burn
peptic ulcers
gastric reflux
sour stomach
Good medication for peptic ulcer
Calcium carbomide
H2 histamine agonist work how?
Reduce the secretion of gastric acid (treat gastric and duodenal ulcer
how do antacids work
Neutralize the acid
how do proton pump inhibitors work?
Block the final step in production of acid and mucosa
How do antidiarrheals work and name one
decrease digestional parystalsis
example: Loperamide
Fecal softener
Docusate
Irritant laxative work how?
Increase intestinal parystalsis
adverse effect of hemorroid agents
tissue atrophy
insulin is used for what?
type 1 and type 2 diabetes
oral antidiabetics are used for what?
Type 2 diabetes. these meds increase insulin creation
what organs do thyroid hormones influence
every organ or tissue
patients with what condition get thyroid hormones
hypOthyroidism
adverse reactions of oral contraceptives
venous thromboembolism
antivirals do what?
inhibit viral replication
anti fungals do what?
effect cell membranes
Name some antifungals
Topical:
Clotrimazole
Tolfnaftate
Systemic:
Ketoconazole
Fluconazole
Terbinafine
scabacides do what?
paralyze and kill scabies
permethrin
scabicide
how often are safe combinations changed
6 months or:
whem compromised or at CO disgression
Who countersigns narcot RXs given by IDC
CO
Who is present when destroying medications
all CSIB members
DD 200
investigation of property loss
When a controled substance is lost in transit what form is used
DEA 106
what is an example of an Aminoglycoside
Gentomicin
what class is Getamicin
Aminoglycoside
Lincomasides are bacterocidal or bacterstatic?
Per TG: Considered Bacteriostatic but bactericidal against some strains of Stapp, Strep and anaerobes such as bacteroides fragilis
