Review Flashcards
1
Q
Palivizumab
A
RSV-mab
2
Q
Ivermectin
A
anti-helminth
3
Q
Griseofulvin
A
anti-funGal, tinea capitis
4
Q
Selenium sulfide, 2 diseases
A
seborrheic dermatitis (dandruff) tinea versicolor
5
Q
permethrin
A
lice
6
Q
spinosad
A
stronger lice med
7
Q
dapsone
A
dermatitis herpetiformis, clustered vesicles from Celiacs
8
Q
TCA antidote
A
NaHCO3
9
Q
Barbiturate antidote
A
NaHCO3
10
Q
Benzodiazepine antidote
A
flumaZenil
11
Q
Beta blocker antidote
A
glucagon
12
Q
Acetaminophen antidote
A
N-acetylcysteine
13
Q
Methanol or ethylene glycol antidote
A
ethanol or fomepizole
14
Q
organophosphate antidote
A
Pralidoxime or atropine
15
Q
Warfarin antidote
A
Vit K or FFP
16
Q
tPA antidote
A
Aminocaproic acid
17
Q
Heparin antidote
A
protamine
18
Q
carbon MO antidote
A
100% o2
19
Q
methemoglobin antidote
A
methylene blue
20
Q
aspirin antidote
A
gastric lavage + alkalizing urine
21
Q
CN antidote
What medication could cause CN poisoning?
A
Hydroxocobalimin
OD caused from Na-nitroprusside
22
Q
arsenic antidote
A
dimercaprol
23
Q
pramipexole
A
restless leg syndrome (dopamine agonist)
24
Q
zolpidem
A
insomnia
25
Modafinil
narcolepsy
26
Sleepwalking tx
clonazepam
27
methimazole
hyperthyroid
28
PTU
hyperthyroid, safe in pregnancy
29
fluvoxamine
SSRI
30
Duloxetine
SNRI
31
alprazolam
Xanax
32
chlorthalidone
thiazide diuretic
33
misoprostol, 2 uses
cervical ripening
| prevents gastric ulcers in chronic NSAID use
34
tetrabenazine
Huntington's disease (only use)
35
bromocriptine
dopamine agonist
| tx for hyperprolactinemia
36
metoclopramide
dopamine antagonist, promotes prolactin release
37
RBB vs LBB
RBB > V1, V2
| LBB > V5, V6
38
Cardiogenic shock
| CO, PCWP, SVR
CO down
PCWP up
SVR up
39
hypovolemic shock
| CO, PCWP, SVR
```
CO down
PCWP down (less blood in system)
SVR up
```
40
Septic shock
| CO, PCWP, SVR
CO up
PCWP down
SVR down
41
Anaphylactic shock
| CO, PCWP, SVR
CO up
PCWP down
SVR down
42
Neurogenic shock
| CO, PCWP, SVR
CO down
PCWP down
SVR down
43
AAA monitoring
```
<3 cm → no follow up
3-4cm → q3y
4-5 cm → q1y
5.0-5.5cm → q3m
5.5cm + → surgery
```
44
CURB 65
```
Confusion
Uremia (BUN over 20)
Respiratory distress (RR over 30)
Blood pressure less than 90/60
Age over 65
```
Score 0-1 → outpt macrolides
Score 2 → inpt macrolide + beta-lactam or just a fluoroquinolone
Score 3+ → ICU with beta lactam and either macrolide or fluoroquinolone
45
Peutz-Jeghers
```
mouth nevi
colon polyps (hamartomas, SM)
```
46
Gardner syndrome vs Turcot syndrome
Gardner: FAP + osteomas (skull)
Turcot: FAP + CNS tumors
Gardeners use their bones
Turncoats use their brain
47
Lynch vs Cowden
Lynch: colon + endometrial cancer
Cowden: GI + breast + thyroid cancer
48
Acute interstitial nephritis
Usually secondary to medication (penicillins, everything) or autoimmune,
Leukocyte casts, hematuria, eosinophiluria,
Fever, rash, joint pain
49
Membranous nephropathy
Most common nephrotic syndrome, due to infections (Hepatitis, syphillis)
Thickening of glomerular BM
Spike and dome
50
Goodpasture's
Nephritic syndrome due to ,
Linear anti-glomerular BM antibodies,
Hematuria + hemoptysis,
51
Focal Segmental Glomerular Sclerosis
Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome
Proteinuria
Hypoalbuminemia → edema
52
PCKD is assx with...
inacerebral aneurysms
| thoracic aorta aneurysm
53
Gout vs Pseudogout
gout > needle, negative
| pseudo> positive, rhomboid
54
de Quervain's thyroiditis
same labs as graves (+ ANA), but with no hyperthyroid symptoms
55
TRH triggers secretion of...
TSH and Prolactin
56
MEN 1
pituitary
parathyroid
pancreas
57
MEN2A
Thyroid
Parathyroid
pheo
58
MEN2B
Thyroid
pheo
mucosal neuroma
59
Acromegaly will show increased...
IGF-1
60
B12 vs Folate defiency
B12> elevated MMA + neuro sx
| folate > normal MMA
61
Tx for vWF deficiency
desmopressin
62
ALL, AML, CLL, CML
ALL → children
AML → Auer rods
CLL → smudge cells, older patients
CML → philadelphia chromosome BCR-ABL, t(9;22), treat with imatinib
63
decreased haptoglobin indicates
hemolysis
| haptoglobin is busy cleaning up lysed RBCs
64
anti-dsDNA
SLE
65
anti-Sm
SLE
66
Anti-histone
Drug induced SLE
67
anti-SSA
sjogrens
68
Ro, La
sjogrens
69
Jo
dermato/polymysositis
70
anti-mi
| 2 diseases
primary biliary cirrhosis
| dermato/polymyositis
71
anti-topoisomerase I
systemic sclerosis
72
anti-centromere
systemic sclerosis, CREST only
73
Felty syndrome
RA + neutropenia + splenomegaly
74
c-ANCA vs p-ANCA
c-ANCA: Granulomatosis with polyangiitis
| p-ANCA: Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis
75
Sickle cell, joint infection
salmonella
76
anchovy paste liver abcess
Entameba histolytica
77
P. jiroveci tx
TMP/SMX
78
Brown secquard
Ipsilateral motor and positional sensation
| Contralateral pain/temp
79
Wernicke encephalopathy
ACE: Ataxia, Confusion, Eye problems
| Thiamine deficiency, alcohol
80
Burns adult
```
Head 9%
Arms 9% (each)
Legs 18% (each)
Torso 36%
(Genitalia 1%)
```
81
Burns children
Head 18% (-1% per year over age 1)
Arms 9% (each)
Legs 14% (each) (+0.5% per year over age 1)
Torso 36%
82
Pemphigus vulgaris vs bullous pemphigoid
PV → + Nikolsky’s sign, can include oral mucosa, more painful
BP → - Nikolsky’s sign
83
TORCH
| toxo
chorioretinitis,
intracranial calcifications,
hydrocephalus
84
TORCH
| Rubella
sensorineural hearing loss,
cataracts, heart defects,
blueberry muffin
85
TORCH
| CMV
```
sensorineural hearing loss,
periventricular calcifications
microcephaly,
blueberry muffin,
Hepatosplenomegaly
```
86
Measels virus type
paramyxo
87
Rubella virus type
toga
88
hypopigmented ash leaf spots, shagreen patch (nevus), angiofibromas,
mental retardation
Tuberous sclerosis
89
café-au-lait spots, neurofibromas, Lisch nodules (hamartomas of the iris)
NF1
90
café-au-lait, endocrine hyperfunction (elevated GnRH → precocious puberty)
McCune-Albright
91
café-au-lait, pancytopenia (immunodeficiency), thumb abnormalities, short height,
Fanconi Anemia
92
Turners syndrome heart defect
bicuspid aortic valve
93
Kallman syndrome
delayed puberty + anosmia,
| low GnRH
94
Untreated kawasaki’s causes...
| how do you treat?
coronary artery aneurysm, treat with aspirin and IVIG
95
Labs for Babies born from gestational diabetes
```
Low....
glucose
calcium
phosphate
blood cell counts
```
96
Trisomy 13
```
Patau
Cleft lip/Palate
holoProsencephaly
Polydactyly
Heart defects (Pump)
Polycystic kidney
```
97
Trisomy 18
```
Edwards syndrome
Prominent occiput
Rocker Bottom feet
Clenched fist with fingers overlapping
Low set ears
Micrognathia
```
98
Trisomy 21
Single palmar crease
Gap between 1st/2nd toe
Duodenal atresia, hirschsprung disease
Atrioventricular septal defects
99
Pregnancy weight gains
11-20 → Obese (BMI over 30)
15-25 → Overweight (BMI 25-30)
25-35 → NORMAL
35-45 → underweight (BMI <18.5)
100
Stages of labor
Stage 1 → cervical ripening
- Latent → 0-6cm dilation (14/20hours, multiparous/nulliparous)
- Active → 6+ cm dilation (1.2/1.5 hours)
Stage 2 → Full dilation-delivery (2/3 hours)
Stage 3 → Delivery of placenta (30 min)
Stage 4 → post-delivery
101
Galeazzi vs monteggia fracture
Galeazzi fracture → diaphyseal radius w/ radioulnar joint disruption
Monteggia fracture → proximal ulna w/ radial head dislocation
102
OMT Facet joint orientation (the B's)
BUM BUL BM
| cervical thoracic lumbar
103
Adson vs Wright test
Adson --> scalenes
| Wright --> coracoid process + pec minor
104
Wallenberg’s test
vertebral artery insufficiency (patient holds head in different positions)
105
Chi square vs unpaired t-test
Chi-square → typical 2x2 table with drug and placebo
Unpaired t-test → differences in 2 independent groups (birth weight of males vs females)
106
Clinical trials phases
Phase I → healthy people
Phase II → small number of diseased people
Phase III → large randomized, double blind
Phase IV → long term monitoring after release
107
primary vs secondary prevention
Primary prevention → immunizations
| Secondary prevention → Screening of at risk patients
108
t-score vs z-score
```
Z-score = SD is known
T-score = SD is unknown but estimated
```
109
-vaptan
ADH (vasopressin) antagonist, treats SIADH
