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COMLEX Level 2 > Review > Flashcards

Review Flashcards

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1
Q

Palivizumab

A

RSV-mab

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2
Q

Ivermectin

A

anti-helminth

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3
Q

Griseofulvin

A

anti-funGal, tinea capitis

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4
Q

Selenium sulfide, 2 diseases

A 
seborrheic dermatitis (dandruff)
tinea versicolor
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5
Q

permethrin

A

lice

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6
Q

spinosad

A

stronger lice med

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7
Q

dapsone

A

dermatitis herpetiformis, clustered vesicles from Celiacs

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8
Q

TCA antidote

A

NaHCO3

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9
Q

Barbiturate antidote

A

NaHCO3

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10
Q

Benzodiazepine antidote

A

flumaZenil

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11
Q

Beta blocker antidote

A

glucagon

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12
Q

Acetaminophen antidote

A

N-acetylcysteine

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13
Q

Methanol or ethylene glycol antidote

A

ethanol or fomepizole

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14
Q

organophosphate antidote

A

Pralidoxime or atropine

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15
Q

Warfarin antidote

A

Vit K or FFP

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16
Q

tPA antidote

A

Aminocaproic acid

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17
Q

Heparin antidote

A

protamine

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18
Q

carbon MO antidote

A

100% o2

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19
Q

methemoglobin antidote

A

methylene blue

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20
Q

aspirin antidote

A

gastric lavage + alkalizing urine

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21
Q

CN antidote

What medication could cause CN poisoning?

A

Hydroxocobalimin

OD caused from Na-nitroprusside

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22
Q

arsenic antidote

A

dimercaprol

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23
Q

pramipexole

A

restless leg syndrome (dopamine agonist)

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24
Q

zolpidem

A

insomnia

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25
Q

Modafinil

A

narcolepsy

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26
Q

Sleepwalking tx

A

clonazepam

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27
Q

methimazole

A

hyperthyroid

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28
Q

PTU

A

hyperthyroid, safe in pregnancy

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29
Q

fluvoxamine

A

SSRI

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30
Q

Duloxetine

A

SNRI

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31
Q

alprazolam

A

Xanax

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32
Q

chlorthalidone

A

thiazide diuretic

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33
Q

misoprostol, 2 uses

A

cervical ripening

prevents gastric ulcers in chronic NSAID use

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34
Q

tetrabenazine

A

Huntington’s disease (only use)

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35
Q

bromocriptine

A

dopamine agonist

tx for hyperprolactinemia

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36
Q

metoclopramide

A

dopamine antagonist, promotes prolactin release

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37
Q

RBB vs LBB

A

RBB > V1, V2

LBB > V5, V6

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38
Q

Cardiogenic shock

CO, PCWP, SVR

A

CO down
PCWP up
SVR up

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39
Q

hypovolemic shock

CO, PCWP, SVR

A 
CO down
PCWP down (less blood in system)
SVR up
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40
Q

Septic shock

CO, PCWP, SVR

A

CO up
PCWP down
SVR down

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41
Q

Anaphylactic shock

CO, PCWP, SVR

A

CO up
PCWP down
SVR down

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42
Q

Neurogenic shock

CO, PCWP, SVR

A

CO down
PCWP down
SVR down

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43
Q

AAA monitoring

A 
<3 cm → no follow up
3-4cm → q3y
4-5 cm → q1y
5.0-5.5cm → q3m
5.5cm + → surgery
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44
Q

CURB 65

A 
Confusion
Uremia (BUN over 20)
Respiratory distress (RR over 30)
Blood pressure less than 90/60
Age over 65

Score 0-1 → outpt macrolides
Score 2 → inpt macrolide + beta-lactam or just a fluoroquinolone
Score 3+ → ICU with beta lactam and either macrolide or fluoroquinolone

45
Q

Peutz-Jeghers

A 
mouth nevi
colon polyps (hamartomas, SM)
46
Q

Gardner syndrome vs Turcot syndrome

A

Gardner: FAP + osteomas (skull)
Turcot: FAP + CNS tumors

Gardeners use their bones
Turncoats use their brain

47
Q

Lynch vs Cowden

A

Lynch: colon + endometrial cancer
Cowden: GI + breast + thyroid cancer

48
Q

Acute interstitial nephritis

A

Usually secondary to medication (penicillins, everything) or autoimmune,
Leukocyte casts, hematuria, eosinophiluria,
Fever, rash, joint pain

49
Q

Membranous nephropathy

A

Most common nephrotic syndrome, due to infections (Hepatitis, syphillis)
Thickening of glomerular BM
Spike and dome

50
Q

Goodpasture’s

A

Nephritic syndrome due to ,
Linear anti-glomerular BM antibodies,
Hematuria + hemoptysis,

51
Q

Focal Segmental Glomerular Sclerosis

A

Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome
Proteinuria
Hypoalbuminemia → edema

52
Q

PCKD is assx with…

A

inacerebral aneurysms

thoracic aorta aneurysm

53
Q

Gout vs Pseudogout

A

gout > needle, negative

pseudo> positive, rhomboid

54
Q

de Quervain’s thyroiditis

A

same labs as graves (+ ANA), but with no hyperthyroid symptoms

55
Q

TRH triggers secretion of…

A

TSH and Prolactin

56
Q

MEN 1

A

pituitary
parathyroid
pancreas

57
Q

MEN2A

A

Thyroid
Parathyroid
pheo

58
Q

MEN2B

A

Thyroid
pheo
mucosal neuroma

59
Q

Acromegaly will show increased…

A

IGF-1

60
Q

B12 vs Folate defiency

A

B12> elevated MMA + neuro sx

folate > normal MMA

61
Q

Tx for vWF deficiency

A

desmopressin

62
Q

ALL, AML, CLL, CML

A

ALL → children
AML → Auer rods
CLL → smudge cells, older patients
CML → philadelphia chromosome BCR-ABL, t(9;22), treat with imatinib

63
Q

decreased haptoglobin indicates

A

hemolysis

haptoglobin is busy cleaning up lysed RBCs

64
Q

anti-dsDNA

A

SLE

65
Q

anti-Sm

A

SLE

66
Q

Anti-histone

A

Drug induced SLE

67
Q

anti-SSA

A

sjogrens

68
Q

Ro, La

A

sjogrens

69
Q

Jo

A

dermato/polymysositis

70
Q

anti-mi

2 diseases

A

primary biliary cirrhosis

dermato/polymyositis

71
Q

anti-topoisomerase I

A

systemic sclerosis

72
Q

anti-centromere

A

systemic sclerosis, CREST only

73
Q

Felty syndrome

A

RA + neutropenia + splenomegaly

74
Q

c-ANCA vs p-ANCA

A

c-ANCA: Granulomatosis with polyangiitis

p-ANCA: Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis

75
Q

Sickle cell, joint infection

A

salmonella

76
Q

anchovy paste liver abcess

A

Entameba histolytica

77
Q

P. jiroveci tx

A

TMP/SMX

78
Q

Brown secquard

A

Ipsilateral motor and positional sensation

Contralateral pain/temp

79
Q

Wernicke encephalopathy

A

ACE: Ataxia, Confusion, Eye problems

Thiamine deficiency, alcohol

80
Q

Burns adult

A 
Head 9%
Arms 9% (each)
Legs 18% (each)
Torso 36%
(Genitalia 1%)
81
Q

Burns children

A

Head 18% (-1% per year over age 1)
Arms 9% (each)
Legs 14% (each) (+0.5% per year over age 1)
Torso 36%

82
Q

Pemphigus vulgaris vs bullous pemphigoid

A

PV → + Nikolsky’s sign, can include oral mucosa, more painful
BP → - Nikolsky’s sign

83
Q

TORCH

toxo

A

chorioretinitis,
intracranial calcifications,
hydrocephalus

84
Q

TORCH

Rubella

A

sensorineural hearing loss,
cataracts, heart defects,
blueberry muffin

85
Q

TORCH

CMV

A 
sensorineural hearing loss, 
periventricular calcifications 
microcephaly, 
blueberry muffin, 
Hepatosplenomegaly
86
Q

Measels virus type

A

paramyxo

87
Q

Rubella virus type

A

toga

88
Q

hypopigmented ash leaf spots, shagreen patch (nevus), angiofibromas,
mental retardation

A

Tuberous sclerosis

89
Q

café-au-lait spots, neurofibromas, Lisch nodules (hamartomas of the iris)

A

NF1

90
Q

café-au-lait, endocrine hyperfunction (elevated GnRH → precocious puberty)

A

McCune-Albright

91
Q

café-au-lait, pancytopenia (immunodeficiency), thumb abnormalities, short height,

A

Fanconi Anemia

92
Q

Turners syndrome heart defect

A

bicuspid aortic valve

93
Q

Kallman syndrome

A

delayed puberty + anosmia,

low GnRH

94
Q

Untreated kawasaki’s causes…

how do you treat?

A

coronary artery aneurysm, treat with aspirin and IVIG

95
Q

Labs for Babies born from gestational diabetes

A 
Low....
glucose
calcium
phosphate
blood cell counts
96
Q

Trisomy 13

A 
Patau
Cleft lip/Palate
holoProsencephaly
Polydactyly
Heart defects (Pump)
Polycystic kidney
97
Q

Trisomy 18

A 
Edwards syndrome
Prominent occiput
Rocker Bottom feet
Clenched fist with fingers overlapping
Low set ears
Micrognathia
98
Q

Trisomy 21

A

Single palmar crease
Gap between 1st/2nd toe
Duodenal atresia, hirschsprung disease
Atrioventricular septal defects

99
Q

Pregnancy weight gains

A

11-20 → Obese (BMI over 30)
15-25 → Overweight (BMI 25-30)
25-35 → NORMAL
35-45 → underweight (BMI <18.5)

100
Q

Stages of labor

A

Stage 1 → cervical ripening

  • Latent → 0-6cm dilation (14/20hours, multiparous/nulliparous)
  • Active → 6+ cm dilation (1.2/1.5 hours)

Stage 2 → Full dilation-delivery (2/3 hours)
Stage 3 → Delivery of placenta (30 min)
Stage 4 → post-delivery

101
Q

Galeazzi vs monteggia fracture

A

Galeazzi fracture → diaphyseal radius w/ radioulnar joint disruption
Monteggia fracture → proximal ulna w/ radial head dislocation

102
Q

OMT Facet joint orientation (the B’s)

A

BUM BUL BM

cervical thoracic lumbar

103
Q

Adson vs Wright test

A

Adson –> scalenes

Wright –> coracoid process + pec minor

104
Q

Wallenberg’s test

A

vertebral artery insufficiency (patient holds head in different positions)

105
Q

Chi square vs unpaired t-test

A

Chi-square → typical 2x2 table with drug and placebo

Unpaired t-test → differences in 2 independent groups (birth weight of males vs females)

106
Q

Clinical trials phases

A

Phase I → healthy people
Phase II → small number of diseased people
Phase III → large randomized, double blind
Phase IV → long term monitoring after release

107
Q

primary vs secondary prevention

A

Primary prevention → immunizations

Secondary prevention → Screening of at risk patients

108
Q

t-score vs z-score

A 
Z-score = SD is known
T-score = SD is unknown but estimated
109
Q

-vaptan

A

ADH (vasopressin) antagonist, treats SIADH

COMLEX Level 2 (1 decks)

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