Reversible Reactions and the Haber Process Flashcards
What is a reversible reaction?
One where the products of the reaction can themselves react to produce the original reactants.
What kind of system is needed to reach equilibrium?
Closed system.
What is the equilibrium position?
The amounts of reactants and products reach a balance and stay there.
What is happening at the equilibrium position?
Reactions are taking place at exactly the same rate in both directions.
What does the equilibrium position depend on?
- Temperature
2. Pressure
Which direction does increasing the temperature move the equilibrium in?
The endothermic direction.
Which direction does decreasing the temperature move the equilibrium in?
The exothermic direction.
Which direction does raising the pressure move the equilibrium position in?
The reaction which produces less volume.
Which direction does reducing the pressure move the equilibrium position in?
The reaction which produces more volume.
How does adding a catalyst affect the equilibrium position?
It doesn’t, but it reaches equilibrium quicker.
What is ammonia made of?
Nitrogen and hydrogen.
Where does the nitrogen come from?
The air.
Where does the hydrogen come from?
Natural gas or other sources.
What are the industrial conditions for ammonia production?
- 200 atmospheres of pressure
- 450C
- Iron catalyst
Why is the pressure for ammonia production high?
To increase the forward reaction - maximum yield.
