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Review 4 > Reveiw > Flashcards

Reveiw Flashcards

Review

1
Q

major function of cardiovascular system

A

transport blood

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2
Q

size of heart

A

about the size of a fist

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3
Q

where is heart located

A

between the lungs

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4
Q

receiving chambers of the heart

A

atria

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5
Q

describe the flow of blood starting with IVC and SVC

A

in through superior vena cava, to right atrium, through tricuspid, down into right ventricle, up to the left atrium and out to the lungs, back into the heart through left ventricle and up through bicuspid, to the left atrium and out into the blood stream.

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6
Q

heart enclosed by double-walled sac called

A

pericardium

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7
Q

pericardial fluid andbthats it’s function

A

found between parietal pericardium and visceral pericardium, it acts as lubricant to prevent friction when heart beats

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8
Q

bundle of his and its function

A

group of fiber located within the interventricalar septum (av bundle)

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9
Q

what are the perkinje fibers and it’s function

A

cause ventricles of heart to contract

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10
Q

definition of bradycardia

A

slow heart rate(below 60bpm) lack of potassium(K) can cause the heart to stop beating

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11
Q

what is the definition of tachycardia

A

rapid heart rate(over 100bpm)

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12
Q

SA node is called…. of the heart

A

pacemaker

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13
Q

lack of blood supply to heart, can cause…

A

fibrillation, rapid uncoordinated shuddering of the heart muscles

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14
Q

what is the cardiac cycle

A

one complete heart beat

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15
Q

what is cardiac out put

A

amount of blood pumped out by each side of the heart in 1min

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16
Q

lack of what heart beat can cause the heart to stop beating

A

K potassium

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17
Q

layer of artery walk wall that thickensmist in arteriosclerosis

A

tunic intima

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18
Q

location of apex of the heart

A

lowest part, points down to left hip

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19
Q

functions of lymphatic system

A

absorbs fat and fat soluble vitamins from small intestine, remove waste from tissues and provide aid to the immune system

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20
Q

functions of lymph nodes

A

protect the body by removing foregion materials using the lymphocytes and macrophages

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21
Q

functions of the spleen

A

cleanse and filter the blood and destroy worn out RBCs

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22
Q

functions of the thymus

A

peaks during youth, makes thymosin which programs certain lymphocytes

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23
Q

functions of tonsils

A

trap and remove any bacteria or other foregion materials entering the throat

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24
Q

function of peyers patches

A

resemble and act like tonsils, found in small intestine

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25
Q

what does MALT represent

A

tonsils

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26
Q

first and second defense lines for non specific defense system

A

skin, mucous membranes and secretion of them. phagocytic leukocytes, antimicrobial proteins, inflammatory response and fever

27
Q

state of being resistant to a specific disease

A

immune

28
Q

normal respiratory rate for adult

A

12-20rpm

29
Q

another name for trachea and location

A

windpipe, midchest

30
Q

lungs location

A

entire thoracic cavity

31
Q

where pulmonary arteries, veins and bronchi enter and exit the lungs

A

hilum

32
Q

respiratory acidosis

A

lungs can’t remove enough CO2, PH below 7.35rpm

33
Q

pulmonary fibrosis

A

scar tissue in lungs

34
Q

what does the diaphragm do when you inhale

A

contracts, moved inferiorly and flattens out

35
Q

where is epiglottis located, referred to and why?

A

entrance of larynx, guards airways, because of where it is

36
Q

digestive system is divided into two

A

alimentary canal and accessory organs

37
Q

trace the stages of digestive system starting with mouth

A

mouth- pharnyx- esophagus- cardioeaphoagel sphincter- stomach- phylorix sphincter- duodenum- jejunum- ileum- ileoceca valve- cecum- ascending colon- transverse colon- descending colon- sigmoid colon- rectum- anal canal- anus

38
Q

another name for esophagus and function

A

gullet, conduct food to the stomach

39
Q

terminal part of the stomach is the

A

funnel shaped pyloris

40
Q

list the 3rd line defense of adaptive defense mechanism

A

lymphocytes, antibodies and memory cells

41
Q

most important anti-microbial proteins

A

complete proteins and interferon

42
Q

inflammatory response

A

non specific response triggered whenever the body tissues are injured

43
Q

explain two different types of acquired immunity and distinguish between active and passive immunity in each

A

naturally(active) contact with pathogens, (passive) fetus transfer, artificially active - vaccine, passive immunoglobulin(IgM, IgA, IgD, IgG, IgE)

44
Q

autograft

A

tissue transplanted from one site to another on same body

45
Q

isograft

A

tissue graft taken from same genetics(only identical twins)

46
Q

allograft

A

tissue taken from a person other than identical twins

47
Q

xenograft

A

harvested from different animal species

48
Q

list classes of immunoglobulin

A

IgM, IgA, IgD, IgG, IgE

49
Q

functions of the respiratory system

A

transport oxygen to body, disposes carbon monoxide, regulate blood PH

50
Q

list organs in order of air flow starting with the nasal cavity

A

nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx,trachea, bronchi, lungs, bronchioles

51
Q

functions of stomach

A

temporary storage tank and food break down

52
Q

region of stomach does most of the digestion occur

A

pyloric region

53
Q

what happens in small intestine

A

nearly all food absorption occurs

54
Q

bile is produced in the

A

liver

55
Q

functions of ileocecal valve

A

connects large and small intestine

56
Q

functions of the large intestine

A

dry out the indigestible food by absorbing water, eliminate residues as feces

57
Q

functions often gallbladder

A

store bile

58
Q

catabolism

A

process in which living cells break down substances into simpler substances; destructive retabolism

59
Q

metabolism

A

sum total of the chemical reactions that occur in the body

60
Q

anabolism

A

energy-requiring building phase of metabolism in which simpler substances are combined into more complex substances

61
Q

crohns

A

autoimmune disease inflammation of digestive tract stomach pain, weight loss,fatigue, malnutrition

62
Q

gallstones

A

particles of hardened cholesterol or calcium salts that are occasionally formed in gallbladder and bile ducts

63
Q

absorption

A

nutrients are digested and transported by the body

Review 4 (1 decks)

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