Reveiw Flashcards
What are the 5 functions of the bones
-Give shape and support the body
-Protect various internal structures and organs
-Serve as attachments for muscles and act as levers to produce body movement
-Help produce both white and red blood cells(one of the functions of bone marrow)
-Store most of the body’s calcium supply as well as phosphorus, magnesium, and sodium
How many bones does the adult skeleton have?
The adult skeleton has 206 bones.
Explanation of the Origin and Insertion
The Origin is the more fixed part of the muscle closest to the skeleton, which flexes but remains stationary( does not move)
The Insertion is the part of the muscle that is the moveable attachment(does move)
Striated
Skeletal, or voluntary muscles contract with conscious thought, attached to the bone.
Non striated
Smooth, or involuntary muscles that are not under conscious control.
Cardiac muscles
Involuntary muscles that make up the heart.
What are the 2 muscles of masification?
•Masseter
•Temporalis
Errector spine
These muscles are responsible for maintaining upright posture and extending the spine.
Gastrocnemius
Forms the bulk of the calf at the back of the lower leg.
Cervical bone
The length of the neck and the top of the back.
Tibia and fibula bone
Are the lower part of the leg and make up the shin.
Ethmoid bone
Is the light, spongy bone between the eyes sockets that forms part of the nasal cavities.
Sphenoid bone
Forms the sides of the eye socket. joins the bones of the cranium together.
Nasal bones (2)
Forms the bridge of the nose.
Lacrimal bones(2)
The smallest and most fragile bones of the face, are situated at the front inside part of the eye socket.
Frontal bone
Forms the forehead.
Mandible bone
For a lower jaw bone, the largest and strongest bone of the face.
Maxillae bones(2)
Form the upper jaw
Temporal bones(2)
Forms the sides of the head in the ear region.
Zygomatic bones(2)
Also known as Malar bones or cheekbones, form the prominence of the cheeks.
Occipital bone
Forms the back of the skull.(cranium)
Parietal bones(2)
Forms of sides and crown(top) of the cranium.
Hyoid bone
Are U-shaped at the base of the tongue that supports the tongue and its muscles.(atoms apple)
Platysma
Is a broad muscle extending the chest and shoulder muscles to the sides of the chin.
Depressor Labii
Surrounds the lower part of the lip.
Zygomaticus
Muscles extending from the zygomatic bone to the angle of the mouth.
Levator Labii superioris
Surrounds the nose and upper lip.
Epicranius
Also known as the occipitofrontalis is a broad muscle that covers the top of the skull.
Buccinator
Is the thin, flat muscle between the upper and lower jaw.
Mentalis
Is the muscle that elevates the lower lip and raises and wrinkles the skin of the chin.
Procerus
Across the bridge of the nose.
Orbicularis oris
Is the flat band around the upper and lower lips.
Levator anguli oris
Is a muscle associated with smiling. draws the mouth inward and angles the mouth.
Risorius
Is the muscle that draws the corners of the mouth out and back when grinning.
Triangularis
Is the muscle extending alongside the chin.
Corrugator
Located beneath the frontalis and orbicularis oculi.
Orbicularis oculi
Completely surrounds the eye.
Aponeurousis
Tendon that connects the occipitalis and epicranius.
Frontalis
The scalp muscles that raise the eyebrows, draws the scalp forward, and causes wrinkles in the forehead.
