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Social 20 > Reveiw > Flashcards

Reveiw Flashcards

1
Q

Nation

A

People who feel a sense of belonging together, want to control their future and destiny, and might/might not have official borders and government

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2
Q

Nationalism

A

Devotion or love to one’s own country

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3
Q

Sovereignty

A

Political authority and control over one’s own affairs

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4
Q

Self-Determination

A

Power to control one’s own affairs; the right to govern themselves.

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5
Q

Ethnicity

A

People who share similar characteristics such as race, culture, language, and nation because of their common ancestry.

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6
Q

Civic Nation

A

When people regardless of ethnicity, religion, culture, language, etc. agree to live and work together and abide by the same laws.

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7
Q

Multinationalism

A

Anything involving several NATIONS

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8
Q

Internationalism

A

Cooperation among nations for the promotion of the common good

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9
Q

Internationalism

A

Cooperation among nations for the promotion of the common good

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10
Q

Ultranationalism

A

Extreme devotion to a nation

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11
Q

Supranationalism

A

When countries agree to abide by the decisions of an international organization, even if it is not in their nation’s best interest

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12
Q

Linguistic Nationalism (example)

A
  1. The different dialects and accents within a country can define separate nations within
  2. Québecois: extremely united over the protection of their language.
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13
Q

Ethnic Nationalism (example)

A

Examples:
1. North Korea
2. Japan

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14
Q

Cultural Nationalism (example)

A

Examples:
1. First Nations groups
2. Latin Americans

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15
Q

Religious Nationalism (example)

A

Examples:
1. The Christian community
2. Muslim community
3. Individual faiths

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16
Q

Geographical Nationalism (example)

A

Examples:
1. The weather in tropical islands connects people together.
2. Tibetans were isolated for a while, creating their own culture, language and government in isolation.

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17
Q

Spiritual Nationalism (example)

A
  1. Siksika have specific beliefs about their traditional land
  2. Christians, Jews, and Muslims all drawn to Jerusalem because of the spiritual history there.
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18
Q

What are some things defining Canadian Nationalism?

A
  1. The extensive history
  2. The weather
  3. The stereotypes
  4. The Charter of Rights and Freedoms
  5. Universal Health Care (Tom McDouglas)
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19
Q

What happens when there’s too much nationalism?

A

The excess nationalism becomes ultranationalism, sometimes resulting in the offence of anyone with a varying opinion or in the isolation of a country.

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20
Q

What’s the danger in having too little nationalism?

A

The lack can cause treason, ignorance, apathy, and the undermining of democracy.

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21
Q

What do the colours on the Canadian Flag symbolize?

A

Red: British Royalty

White: French Royalty

Maple Leaf: a universally recognized symbol.

22
Q

The age of reason

A

The age of reason
A period of enlightenment that took place after the renaissance in which people began to know more about the world, and to question the things they were told to believe

23
Q

What factors influenced the enlightenment of the people? (How did ideas spread prior to the French Revolution?)

A
  1. The printing press
  2. Scientific discoveries expanding the horizons of the people, which disproved some of the things the Catholic Church said, putting its credibility into question
  3. Encyclopedias were being printed with human knowledge made available to everyone
  4. Books were cheaper, meaning more people learned how to read
  5. The making of new machines lead to the industrial revolution
24
Q

Thomas Hobbes

A

Proposed that without a government with absolute power, chaos (anarchy) would inevitably ensue.

Believed that man was naturally self-motivated and can easily be corrupted

25
Q

John Locke

A

Proposed that there should be a government but one with consent from the people and have limited power.

Believed that people had the right to life, liberty, and property, and that the government should protect these rights.

26
Q

Montesquieu

A

Believed that the government should protect the liberty of the people and should be split into three branches (legislative, executive, and judiciary)

BELIEVED IN CHECKS AND BALANCES

27
Q

Voltaire (François Marie Arouet)

A

Philosopher who wrote books and plays on the evils of society. He believed in common sense religious toleration and freedom of thought.

Separation of church and state
Free speech and religion

28
Q

Jean Jacques Rousseau

A

Believed that human nature was good and that society corrupted it. Also in the equality of everyone and the abolishment of the nobility.

GENERAL WILL - protects people

29
Q

When did people have the right to rebel according to Locke?

A

If the ruler became a tyrant or broke the contract with its people

30
Q

What is Montesquieu’s belief of Checks and Balances?

A

The separation of power so that no political branch could overpower the other

31
Q

Denis Diderot

A

Published the first volumes of encyclopedias

32
Q

Name three things done by enlightened monarchs

A
  1. Abolished slavery
  2. Allowed freedom of the press
  3. Ended religious persecution
33
Q

Name the Intellectual Factors of the French Revolution

A
  1. The enlightenment sparked new ideas
  2. The scientific revolution
  3. New political ideas
  4. Universities are made, more and more people are educated and talking
  5. Liberalism
  6. Impulse of the young people
34
Q

Name the Social Factors of the French Revolution

A
  1. Bourgeoisie and philosophes began to propose new ideas and question the monarchy
  2. Uneven distribution of taxes
  3. Social classes were unequal
  4. There were more people as the bubonic plague had been contained and there wasn’t enough money or food to go around
35
Q

Name the political causes of the French Revolution

A
  1. Louis XVI was a weak monarch and not ready to be king. He did not know how to deal with the problems of France
  2. Louis XV had fought costly wars before that, passing on the debt
  3. Unjust political structure of the Old Regime
  4. The French wanted to model their parliament like the British
36
Q

Name economic causes of the French Revolution

A
  1. France was in debt to many countries from the wars Louis XV had fought
  2. The price of bread was rising
  3. The Third Estate was being taxed to death. The wealth gap was horrendously large.
  4. The Church had the right to collect tithes but not pay taxes.
  5. There was endless spending from the monarchy from their extravagantly luxurious lifestyle. From both Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette
  6. By 1789, France was bankrupt and the government didn’t have enough money to do its job, not that it would’ve done its job had they had the money.
  7. Edict of Nantes (causing everyone who wasn’t Catholic to flee the country) caused Huguenots (protestants) to leave, taking all their wealth with them.
37
Q

Who made up the First Estate?

A

The Clergy. Made up of priests, bishops, the Church (0.5% of the population)

38
Q

Who made up the Second Estate?

A

The nobility. Made up by wealthy, powerful people who could only inherit that land and money (about 1.5% of the population)

39
Q

Who made up the Third Estate?

A
  1. Working middle class (merchants, professionals, tradesmen/women)
  2. Urban poor
  3. Peasants
  4. The bourgeoisie

(About 98% of the population)

40
Q

Define Cultural Pluralism and give an example

A
  1. The freedom to affirm and promote one’s own cultural identity without violating others’ rights
  2. The promotion of Chinese New Year in Canada.
41
Q

Explain Bill 101 and the impact it had on contending loyalties

A
  1. Bill 101 succeeded Bills 22 and 63 based on a province’s ability to override the constitution, banning the use of signs in English, making French the provincial language, and forcing immigrants to send their kids to French-speaking schools.
  2. Most of the Anglophones of Québec left the province because despite some of them opposing the extreme policy, Québec was making it clear that English was not wanted
42
Q

Sans culottes

A

The workers who were below the bourgeoisie (doctors, lawyers, educated professionals) who, without work, went hungry (the shoemakers, artisans, carpenters, trades)

43
Q

Robespierre

A

The leader of the Jacobins, National Convention and Committee of Public Safety who went insane with power, led the Reign of Terror, executed the royal family, and was executed by the people of France. The last victim of the guillotine.

44
Q

The Legislative Assembly

A

Political reform lasting from 1791-1792. They limited the monarchy (that’s it).

They were surrounded by monarchies that wanted to take them down as to not inspire revolution within their own countries.

45
Q

Name the legal reforms that Napoleon introduced

A
  1. Rule of law
  2. Put state before the people
  3. Established traditional gender roles (reversed the rights that women had and placed the man at the head of the household)
46
Q

Napoleon’s foreign policy

A
  1. Reorganized europe to maintain power
  2. Established the confederation of the Rhine
  3. Formed an alliance with czar Alexander I
  4. French empire was the biggest since the roman empire
  5. Brits were the only thing standing in his way
47
Q

The Napoleonic Code

A
  1. Rule of law
  2. Freedom of religion
  3. The right to work in any occupation
  4. Dropped all laws protecting the rights of women and children
48
Q

Explain the Storming of the Bastille

A
  1. July 14th 1789
  2. Marks the true beginning of the French revolution
  3. Rumour came around that Louis XVI intended to attack the revolutionaries
  4. The mob of commoners of the third estate stormed the Bastille, a fortress representing the absolute power of the monarchy
  5. There were only seven prisoners in the Bastille, but the mob raided it of its ammunition
  6. The prison governor, Bernard-René Jourdan refused to comply. The mob killed him and paraded his head on a stick.
49
Q

 Jacques Necker

A

a financial advisor to Louis XVI, was dismissed as financial advisor as he advocated for the people’s interests.

50
Q

The Tennis Court Oath

A
  1. June 20th 1789: Louis XVI had proven incapable of dealing with the country’s financial crisis
  2. Louis XVI illegalized the National Assembly and shut down their headquarters, so they moved to a nearby tennis court and promised to not disband until a constitution was in place.
  3. Louis XVI surrendered seven days later, legalizing the National Assembly, getting the other members of the clergy and nobility to join.

Social 20 (2 decks)

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