rev

Question 1

What percentage of the population did the clergy make up

Answer 1

0.5%

Question 2

How much was paid to the church each year?

Answer 2

16 million livres

Question 3

What percentage of the population did nobility make up

Answer 3

less than 1%

Question 4

How much land did the nobility own

Answer 4

1/3

Question 5

Why were the bourgoresie angery

Answer 5

They were sometimes richer than the nobility but still had to pay taxes.
They couldn’t get into higher ranks in the church or military

Question 6

What were the nobility exempt from

Answer 6

Labour services on road tax

land tax

Question 7

Why was it so hard on the Son Cullotes

Answer 7

80% of population
Rent
Grain and harvest tax
Some had to do labour services 
Lard and salt tax
Paid the church
Could be constricted 
Had soldiers billeted to them

Question 8

Was Louis an absolutist king

Answer 8

He took advise on serious decision
Bound to laws and customs of France
Needed connect from noble elite

Question 9

Louis’ qualities

Answer 9

Clever, adept in Italian and English
Withdrawn and shy
Married to Maria Antonia at 15
Not decisive or strong

Question 10

What was wrong with the governing system in France

Answer 10

It was made up of a patchwork of different administrations

Question 11

How much did the war of Austrian Succession cost

Answer 11

1 billion livres

Question 12

How much did the 7 years war cost

Answer 12

1.8 billion livres

Question 13

Why did Louis join the American revolution

Answer 13

to get back at Britain

It made everything much worse financial

Question 14

What was wrong with the tax system

Answer 14

Richest subjects were exempt from tax
Tax collection was chaotic because of the regional problems
Tax farming decreased the Crown Income

Question 15

Who where Louis finance ministers

Answer 15

Turgot
Necker
Calonne

Question 16

What did Turgot do

Answer 16

Removed price controls and abolished guilds
Proposed property tax
Aroused great hostility

Question 17

What did Necker do

Answer 17

Reform royal expenditure
Increased royal share of framed land
Tried to cut venal offices which angered nobles
Advised Louis to enter American War of Independence- costing Louis 1.8 billion
Published royal finance record
Enemies of the monarchy pointed out extravagant royal expenditure

Question 18

What did Calonne do

Answer 18

Sold offices
Spend lavishly to maintain confidence 
Tried to reform tax
Unsuccessful at raising loans
August 1786 he told Louis that government was almost bankrupt

Question 19

By 1789 how in debt was Louis

Answer 19

126 million livres

Question 20

What did the financial problems cause

Answer 20

The calling of the Assembly of Notables 1787

Question 21

Who was the Assembly of notables

Answer 21

Consultative an legislative assembly of all classes

Question 22

What happened when Louis called the Notables

Answer 22

They told him to call the Estates General- this caused the revolution

Question 23

What was in the demands of the Estates General

Answer 23

Tithes abolished
Venality abolished
Financial and tax privileges abolished
Citizens taxed equally

Question 24

Who were the 3 main philosphers

Answer 24

Montesquieu
Voltaire
Rousseau

Question 25

What were the primary aims in the enlightenment

Answer 25

Freedom
Liberty
Equality

Question 26

Montesquieu

Answer 26

He criticized absolutism

Argues that it was the role of the aristocracy to limit royal power, not the people

Question 27

Voltaire

Answer 27

Criticized the Catholic Church and religious intolerance
Belived religion was nessersery to pressure public moral
Defended royal absolutism

Question 28

Rousseau

Answer 28

Argued that a despotic monarch could be overthrown they their subjects
Sovereignty resided in the people rather than just the king