retinal artery occlusion

Question 1

what does CRAO cause

Answer 1

complete hypoxia of the inner retina

acute coagulative necrosis

complete loss of the nerve fibre layer, ganglion cell layer and inner plexiform layer

Question 2

clinical features if CRAO

Answer 2

sudden painless unilateral reduced visual acuity

Question 3

fundoscopy features of CRAO

Answer 3

white swollen retina with a cherry red spot at the macula, arteriolar attenuation and cattle trucking

Question 4

complications of CRAO

Answer 4

neovascularisation

rubeotic glaucoma

optic atrophy

ocular ischaemic syndrome

Question 5

causes of CRAO

Answer 5

GCA

atherosclerosis

• BP
• diabetes
• hypercholestrolaemia
• smoking

carotid artery disease
- carotid bruit

PTT
APTT
Thrombophillia screen

Question 6

Tx for CRAO

Answer 6

treat affected eye within 24h eye of presentation

• reduce IOP w 500mg IV acetozolamide
• ocular massage +/- paracentesis
• selective opthalmic artery catheterisation w thrombolysis

protect other eye
- treat the underlying cause

Question 7

Most BRAO are due to what

Answer 7

emboli

Question 8

the commonest emboli found in BRAO are

Answer 8

cholestrol
fibrinoplatelt
cacific
antiphospholipid syndrome