Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

CLASP Sudden Death > Resuscitation and ECG > Flashcards

Resuscitation and ECG Flashcards

1
Q

how long till clinical death (reversible state) becomes biologic death (irreversible state of cellular destruction)

A

3-6 mins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

how do you confirm cardiac arrest

A 
patient response
open airway
check for normal breathing
(caution agonal breathing)
Check for signs of life- pulse 
(this should take less than 10 seconds)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what are good chest compressions

A

30:2

centre of chest
5-6 cm depth
2 per second (100-120 min-1)
minimal interruptions (<5secs)
After each compression,  release all the pressure on  the chest without losing  contact between your  hands and the sternum to allow for recoil
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

how quickly should the ventilations be done

A

2 within 10 seconds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is important when putting on defib pads

A

shave chest if hairy

get good contact, avoid air trapping

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is transthoracic impedance

A

bodys resistance to current flow

varies due to body mass, age, disease, skin resistance, tissue type and amount

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is VF like on ECG

A

irregular waveform
no recognisable QRS complexes
random frequency and amplitude
uncoordinated electrical activity

exclude artefacts- movement/ electrical interference

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what are the shockable rhythms

A

VF and pulseless VT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is pulseless VT like on ECG

A

can be monomorphic:

  • broad complex rhythm
  • rapid rate
  • constant QRS morphology

or polymorphic:
-torsade de pointes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

when should you stop compression in defibrillation

A

to check rhythm
when shock delivered
(not when defib charging)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

in resus when do you give medications

A

give adrenaline every 3-5 mins

give amiodarine after 3 consecutive shocks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what medications do you give in resus

A

adrenaline 1mg IV (potent vasoconstrictor)

amiodarone 300mg IV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is asytole like on ECG

A

absent ventricular activity
atrial activity (P waves) may persist
usually a wavy line

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is the management for asytole

A

cant shock
CPR
adrenaline 1mg IV every 3-5 mins
DO NOT give amiodarone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is pulseless electrical activity like on ECG

A

usually associated with an output, can be normal

just no pulse and features of ardiac arrest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is the management for PEA

A

cant shock
CPR
adrenaline 1mg every 3-5 mins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what does SVT look like on ECG

A

narrows QRS’s
P waves present
fast rate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what are the reversible causes of cardiac arrest

A

hypoxia
hypothermia
hyperkalaemia
hypovolaemia

tamponade
thrombosis
toxins
tension pneumothorax

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what management for hyperkalaemia

A

calcium gluconate (protect heart)
insulin with dextrose
salbutamol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what test for hypo/hyperkalaemia and metabolic disorders

A

ABG machine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

management for hypothermia

A

active rewarming techniques

consider cardiopulmonary bypass

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what are the clinical signs of a tension pnuemothorax

A

decreased breath sounds
hyper resonant percussion note
tracheal deviation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

treatment for cardiac tamponade

A

neddel pericardiocentesis/ resuscitative thoracotomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

in PE how long should you continue CPR after fibrinolytic therapy given

A

60-90 mins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

what is the P wave

A

atrial depolarisation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

what is the PR interval

A

delay of AV node to allow filling of ventricles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

what is the QRS complex

A

depolarisation of ventricles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

what is the T wave

A

ventricular repolarisation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

what is the ST segment

A

ventricular systole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

where does depolarisation start in the heart

A

pacemaker cells in SA node close to entry of SVC into RA

31
Q

when in ECG is the depolarisation of the bundle of his

A

QRS complex

32
Q

how long should a normal QRS complex be

A

<0.10 s (less than 3 squares)

33
Q

how long should a p wave last

A

0.08-0.1 seconds

34
Q

when in ECG is diastole

A

TP segment

35
Q

what is the PR Interval

A

AV node delay

36
Q

how long should the PR interval last

A

0.12-0.2 seconds

37
Q

how long does a little square last in ECG

A

0.04 seconds

38
Q

how long does a big square last on ECG

A

0.2 seconds

39
Q

how do you calculate HR on ECG

A

300/ number of large squares either between beats or between RR interval

or

Number of cardiac cycles that occur in 6 s (30 large squares) and multiply by 10.

40
Q

what is the role of the rhythm strip

A

allows detects of rhythms abnormalities

41
Q

what are the 6 steps to analysing an ECG

A 
name and DOB 
check date 
check calibration 
determine axis 
work out rhythm: 
1 Is electrical activity present?
2 Is the rhythm regular or irregular?
3 What is the heart rate?
4 P-waves present?
5 What is the PR interval?
6 Is each P-Wave followed by a QRS complex? 
7 Is the QRS duration normal? 
look at individual leads for ST or T waves changes
42
Q

where on ECG is inferior

A

leads III, IIII, AVF

43
Q

where on ECG is anterior

A

leads V1-6

44
Q

where on ECG is anteroseptal

A

leads V1-4

45
Q

where on ECG is lateral

A

lead I, AVL

46
Q

where on ECG in anterolateral

A

lead I, AVL, V1-6

47
Q

what does AF look like on ECG

A

no P waves, irregularily irregular, rate >300, normal QRS, irregular baseline

48
Q

what does atrial flutter look like on ECG

A

saw tooth, fast atrial rate, normal QRS

Atrial rate 250-350bpm.

49
Q

what does LBBB look like on ECG

A

W in V1

M in V6 (william)

50
Q

what does LBBB look like on ECG

A

M in V1

W in V6

51
Q

what does 1st degree HB look like on ECG

A

prolonged PR (>0.2sec)

52
Q

what does 2nd degree heart block mobitz type 1 look like on ECG

A

progressively longer PR until a QRS dropped

regularly irregular

53
Q

what does 2nd degree heart block mobitz type 2 look like on ECG

A

atrial rate faster than ventricle, more P waves than QRS complexes
QRS normal/ wide, smae PR interval for all conducted beats

(constant PR but not all followed by a QRS)
can be 2:1 or 3:1

54
Q

what does 3rd degree heart block look like on ECG

A

atrial rate faster than ventricle, PR absent, atria and ventricles beat independently

55
Q

what does V fib look like on ECG

A

unmeasurable rate, absent P wave, irregular, wide QRS

56
Q

what does VT look like on ECG

A

absent P waves, wide QRS, fast rate 100-120, regular

57
Q

what does WPW look like on ECG

A

short PR
QRS usually wide
delta waves

58
Q

tall tented T waves+ ?

A

hyperkalaemia

59
Q

what QRS in leads V4,5 and 6 =?

A

left ventricular hypertrophy

60
Q

PR depression and saddle shaped ST elevation =?

A

pericarditis

61
Q

what does a broad QRS mean

A

ventricular problem

62
Q

tall P waves and T wave depression =?

A

hypokalaemia

63
Q

what are signs of a STEMI

A

ST elevation (at least 2mm in adjacent leads/ 1mm in associated leads) with Q wave formation

64
Q

how do you work out the axis of an ECG

A

Right axis deviation= Lead 1 down, lead aVF up

Left axis deviation= Lead 1 positive, lead aVF negative

65
Q

what does torsade de pointes look like on ECG

A

Twisting of the axis.
Rate 200-250bpm.
Regular or irregular.
Sinusoidal pattern.

66
Q

what drug for torsades de pointes

A

magnesium sulfate

67
Q

what causes first degree heart block

A

block in AV node- medication, vagal stimulation, disease

68
Q

what causes mobitz type 1

A

Diseased AV node with long refractory period

69
Q

what coronary artery: leads I, aVL, V5, V6

A

(lateral) circumflex

70
Q

what coronary artery: leads II, III, aVF

A

(inferior) RCA

71
Q

what coronary artery: leads V1-2

A

(septal) LAD

72
Q

what coronary artery: leads V3-4

A

(anterior) V3-4

73
Q

what are the features of a non stemi

A

ST depression, T wave flattening/ inversion

74
Q

treatment for hypoxia

A

high flow oxygen 15 litres non rebreather

CLASP Sudden Death (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions