resurse naturale Flashcards

1
Q

care sunt tipurile de resurse naturale

A

resurse de subsol si de suprafata

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2
Q

cum sunt clasificate resursele de suprafata, care sunt acestea

A

in fct de geosferea
geosferele : atmosfera, litosfera, hidrosfera, biosfera si podosfera

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3
Q

ce se gaseste in atosfera, cum se rafineaza si unde se oloseste

A

gazele atm - se lichefiaza - indutria chimica- azot, electronica-gaze rare, sanatate-O2
energia eoliana = ene electrica- tarm si munte
energia solara = ene electrica + termica, pt sateliti - campii si desert
coditii climatice - pt plante si anumale(agricultura)

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4
Q

ce se gaseste in litosfera, ce este aceasta

A

invelisul de piatrea
se obti rocile de constructie :
-folosite direct -bazalt, marmura, granit
- prelucrate - calcar, orgila, nisip, quartz

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5
Q

ce se gaseste in hidrosfera
si ce e

A

invelisul de apa
- apa ocenului planetar - transport, extractie de sare, turism
-ape continentale(curgatoare, lacuri, ghetari) - pt irigatii, consum casnic / industrial, energie electrica, transport, turism

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6
Q

ce se gaseste in biosfera
si ce este

A

invelisul de organise
-animale si vegetale

vegetatia :
lemn :
cel mai utilizat : de conifere
cel mai scump : tropical - abanos, mahon, tec
alge
pajistile naturale - pt animale

animale :
cel mai vant : peste - pt carne
piele - crocodili
fildes - elefanti

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7
Q

ce se gaseste in podosfera si ce este

A

invelisul desoluri
cele mai fertile
1. molisoluri - pt plante, cereale, plante tehnice
- cernoziomuri, soluri negre(america de N), soluri rosii(america de S, africa, europa mediteraneana)

2.argisoluri - deal si podis
- pt pomicultura si viticultura

  1. spodosoluri - munte - acide
    - pt pajisti si fanet
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8
Q

unde se gasesc, la ce se folosesc si cum se obtin resursele de adancime

A

in litosfera si epuizabile
in toate industriile
se foreaza si se deschid exploatari miniere pt a le obtine

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9
Q

cum se clasifica resursele deadancime

A

energetice, sidelurgice, metalurgice, chimice

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10
Q

energetice
exemple

A

carbuni, petrol si gaze naturale, gaz metan, uraniu, apele geotermale

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11
Q

pt carbuni
tipuri + utilizare + prod

A
  • sup - pt topirea minereurilor
    -inf - pt termocentrale
    -cei mai mari prod : Australia China Rusia
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12
Q

petrol si gaze nat
utilizare + producatori

A

pt plastic, benzina si motorina
cele mai mari zacaminte golful persic, N Africii, S Am de N, N Am de S, platforma continentala a marii nordului / negre / caspice, siberia, india

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13
Q

gaz metan
utilizare ++ producatori

A

pr aragaze - 99 % pur
cel mai mare zacamant : Rusia

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14
Q

uraniu
utilizare + localizare

A

pt atomocentrale - ene electrica
in zonele montane

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15
Q

apele geotermale
utilizare + rezerve

A

pt centrale geotermale - > 90 %
pt ene ele si termica

cele mai mari rezerve : cercul de foc al Pacificului, zone vulcanice din islanda, Italia

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16
Q

sidelurgice
exemple + utilizare + localizare

A

fier, alama, nichel
pt otel si fonta
in brazilia, Ucraina, SUA, Suedia

17
Q

metalurgice
exemple + utilizare + localizare

A

cupru, plumb, zinc, aur, argint, staniu
pt conductori electrici in electronica si electrotehnica
cupru - SUA, Australia, Rusia, India
aur, arg - Africa de S, Congo, Cile, SUA, Rusia

18
Q

chimice
exemple + utilizare

A

sare- inepuizabila, pt detergenti
fosfati, nitrati, nitriti, petrol, gaze nat