Restorative Justice Final Exam Flashcards
What is the difference between restorative justice and retributive justice?
Restorative justice seeks to restore someone from a past crime that was committed while retributive justice deals with the vengeance of someone. It aims to give people what they deserve.
What is transformative justice?
Transformative justice is a general philosophical strategy for responding to conflicts. It takes the principles and practices of restorative justice beyond the criminal justice system.
What is restitution?
Restitution basically requires a defendant to forfeit gains that they were unlawfully obtained to the plaintiff.
What is victimization?
Victimization is singling someone out for cruel and unjust treatment.
What are the organizations which provide assistance to victims?
- Victim Support
- Victim Witness Service
- Escaping Victimhood
What is the Victim Support?
Victim Support is where the victims are given support from others or some way of encouragement to help the victimized person not feel alone and some type of restoring can be done.
What is Victim Witness Service?
The Victim Witness service is where the victim is placed in a safe house before a trial so that they will be protected at all times. They are given a tour of the court and told of the procedures.
What is Escaping Victimhood?
This is a week long workshop to accomodate the victims who have been in serious crimes and have been traumatized by an experience.
What is a TRIAD?
It is a transnational organization that helps old adults from being victimized. One of many branches is located in China.
What is Plato’s view on RJ?
Plato was the master student of Socrates. He believed in retribution, that whatever you did should be done to you. For example: If you kill your friends dad, then your dad should be dead too.
What is Socrates view on RJ?
Socrates the master teacher believed in the same thing as Plato.
What does Rousseau believe about RJ?
Rousseau has a functional stance as it relates to RJ. He believes that humans have an animalistic behaviour and need institutions like the government.
What is Faucault’s view?
Faucault believes in rehabilitation.
What are the origins and types of restorative practices?
- Mediation
- Victim offender mediation
- Victim offender conferencing
- Family Group conferencing
- Victim offender groups
- Victim awareness work
- Peace Circles
What is Reparation?
This is the action taken by the offender to put right the harm done, whether directly or indirectly.
What is Amnesty?
Amnesty is an official pardon for people who have been convicted of political offenses.
Outline the History of RJ .
1974-First victim offender mediation 1984-Forum for initiatives in reparation 1985-Home office research 1987-First victim offender mediation in Scotland 1994-Milton Keynes theft initiative 1995-Thoms Valley conferencing pilot 1998-Crime and Disorder Act 1999-Youth Justice and Criminal Violence Act 2000-European Forum for RJ forms 2003- Criminal Justice Act
What are the different practices and typology of RJ?
Three main:
- Victim meeting
- Offender meeting
- Joint
What category falls under Victim?
- Victim Support Scheme
- Victim Witness Service
- Compensation through courts
- Criminal Injuries Compensation Scheme
What category falls under Offender?
- Children Hearing
- Community Reparation
- Victim awareness work
- Circle of Support
- Rehab
What category falls under Joint?
Direct -offender mediation
Indirect offender mediation
Expound on Direct and Indirect mediation
Direct mediation-comprises of stages and joint meetings. The victim and offender meet separately with the mediator and then together after finding common ground or assessing suitability.
Indirect mediation- comprises of letters of apology or video conferencing.
What are the issues that can prevent effective restorative practices?
Volunteerism
Forgiveness and
Shame
What needs to be done BEFORE and AFTER conference?
BEFORE-1. Establish ground rules
2. Make plans for reparation
AFTER-1. Closing session
2. Do follow-ups
