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Restorative Justice > Restorative Justice Final Exam > Flashcards

Restorative Justice Final Exam Flashcards

1
Q

What is the difference between restorative justice and retributive justice?

A

Restorative justice seeks to restore someone from a past crime that was committed while retributive justice deals with the vengeance of someone. It aims to give people what they deserve.

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2
Q

What is transformative justice?

A

Transformative justice is a general philosophical strategy for responding to conflicts. It takes the principles and practices of restorative justice beyond the criminal justice system.

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3
Q

What is restitution?

A

Restitution basically requires a defendant to forfeit gains that they were unlawfully obtained to the plaintiff.

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4
Q

What is victimization?

A

Victimization is singling someone out for cruel and unjust treatment.

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5
Q

What are the organizations which provide assistance to victims?

A
  1. Victim Support
  2. Victim Witness Service
  3. Escaping Victimhood
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6
Q

What is the Victim Support?

A

Victim Support is where the victims are given support from others or some way of encouragement to help the victimized person not feel alone and some type of restoring can be done.

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7
Q

What is Victim Witness Service?

A

The Victim Witness service is where the victim is placed in a safe house before a trial so that they will be protected at all times. They are given a tour of the court and told of the procedures.

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8
Q

What is Escaping Victimhood?

A

This is a week long workshop to accomodate the victims who have been in serious crimes and have been traumatized by an experience.

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9
Q

What is a TRIAD?

A

It is a transnational organization that helps old adults from being victimized. One of many branches is located in China.

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10
Q

What is Plato’s view on RJ?

A

Plato was the master student of Socrates. He believed in retribution, that whatever you did should be done to you. For example: If you kill your friends dad, then your dad should be dead too.

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11
Q

What is Socrates view on RJ?

A

Socrates the master teacher believed in the same thing as Plato.

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12
Q

What does Rousseau believe about RJ?

A

Rousseau has a functional stance as it relates to RJ. He believes that humans have an animalistic behaviour and need institutions like the government.

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13
Q

What is Faucault’s view?

A

Faucault believes in rehabilitation.

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14
Q

What are the origins and types of restorative practices?

A
  1. Mediation
  2. Victim offender mediation
  3. Victim offender conferencing
  4. Family Group conferencing
  5. Victim offender groups
  6. Victim awareness work
  7. Peace Circles
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15
Q

What is Reparation?

A

This is the action taken by the offender to put right the harm done, whether directly or indirectly.

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16
Q

What is Amnesty?

A

Amnesty is an official pardon for people who have been convicted of political offenses.

17
Q

Outline the History of RJ .

A 
1974-First victim offender mediation
1984-Forum for initiatives in reparation
1985-Home office research
1987-First victim offender mediation in Scotland
1994-Milton Keynes theft initiative
1995-Thoms Valley conferencing pilot
1998-Crime and Disorder Act
1999-Youth Justice and Criminal Violence Act
2000-European Forum for RJ forms
2003- Criminal Justice Act
18
Q

What are the different practices and typology of RJ?

A

Three main:

  1. Victim meeting
  2. Offender meeting
  3. Joint
19
Q

What category falls under Victim?

A
  1. Victim Support Scheme
  2. Victim Witness Service
  3. Compensation through courts
  4. Criminal Injuries Compensation Scheme
20
Q

What category falls under Offender?

A
  1. Children Hearing
  2. Community Reparation
  3. Victim awareness work
  4. Circle of Support
  5. Rehab
21
Q

What category falls under Joint?

A

Direct -offender mediation

Indirect offender mediation

22
Q

Expound on Direct and Indirect mediation

A

Direct mediation-comprises of stages and joint meetings. The victim and offender meet separately with the mediator and then together after finding common ground or assessing suitability.

Indirect mediation- comprises of letters of apology or video conferencing.

23
Q

What are the issues that can prevent effective restorative practices?

A

Volunteerism
Forgiveness and
Shame

24
Q

What needs to be done BEFORE and AFTER conference?

A

BEFORE-1. Establish ground rules
2. Make plans for reparation

AFTER-1. Closing session
2. Do follow-ups

25
Q

What are the RJ methods within the school?

A
  1. Conflict resolution skill
  2. Circle Time
  3. Mentoring
  4. Peer mentoring
  5. School councils
26
Q

What are some RJ practices in prison?

A
  • Community Service projects help to put something back into the community in a variety of practical ways.
  • Victim awareness courses help offenders to realize the harm they have done, and motivates them to avoid re-offending.
  • Victim–offender groups provide opportunities for victims and offenders (not from the same crime) to share experiences and dialogue.
  • Victim–offender mediation and conferencing allow victims to meet their actual offenders, tell their story and ask their questions; and offenders to do the same.
27
Q

What are some RJ practices in complex and sensitive situations?

A
  1. Domestic violence/abuse
  2. Sexual offenses/abuse
  3. Hate crime
  4. Gangs
28
Q

Which method of restorative practice would you use for each situation?

A
  1. Domestic Violence-Plymouth Mediation and Family Mediation
  2. Sexual offenses- Probation and working with adolescent offenders, family group conferences and Healing Circles
  3. Hate crime- Mediation centre
  4. Gangs- conflict resolution
29
Q

What are the RJ practices at the national and international and community level?

A

National- RAIN (real action integration network)
Supreme Court

International Level- Nuremberg Trials
International Criminal Courts
Truth Commission
Community- Empowerment Centre

30
Q

What are the three committees under the Truth Committee?

A
  1. Human Rights Committee
  2. Amnesty Committee
  3. Reparation and Rehabilitation Committee
31
Q

What is the use of creative methods to create Healing?

A
  1. Drama Approaches- theatre plays, young people perform drama at a conference, taking plays into prison and role plays.
  2. Theatre and Video
  3. Visual Art approaches- victim impact work, comic strip, art work in reparation to victims, and art work in community reparation.
  4. Music Approaches- apology on CD and teaching DJ skills.
  5. Music in conflict resolution- memorial exhibition
32
Q

What are the ways to address conflict in Prison?

A
  1. Bullying- conferencing to empower who was harmed.
    * shows that the victim has community support
    * brings perpetrator face to face with the damages done
  2. Mediation for Prison offences
    * Ajudication
    * Prison staff mediation

Restorative Justice (1 decks)

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