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Mors 200 Final- Sciences > Restorative Art Klicker pages 1-44 > Flashcards

Restorative Art Klicker pages 1-44 Flashcards

1
Q

Require a minimum effort, skill and time to complete.

A

Minor Restorations

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2
Q

Require a long period of time, are extensive, require advanced technical skill, and written consent from the family in order to perform.

A

Major Restorations

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3
Q
  • Some directors believe that too much will discourage the family from viewing- families may choose casket or vault of lesser value because of not viewing.
  • Some funeral directors believe that whatever happens with the family’s buying decision happens.
  • Many will not charge extra- do not want to deny families of the comfort of seeing their deceased loved one with a natural and peaceful appearance.
A

How to charge?

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4
Q
  • How much is your time worth?
  • How much of your time do you want to donate as an act of charity?
A

Listen to Financial Advisors, Staff, and Your Heart About Pricing

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5
Q

Restorative arts has it’s roots here.

  • Religious beliefs- in order to proceed to the hereafter, the body must remain intact.
  • Equivalent to modern day restorative art was- muffify the body, replacing desiccated eyeballs with stones, wiring fingernails back on, and packing sunken areas with straw.
  • No other culture has practiced the complicated procedures this culture did.
A

Ancient Egyptians

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6
Q
  • Washing the body
  • Styling the hair
  • Closing the eyes
  • Typing a cloth around the head and chin to keep the mouth closed.
A

Forerunners of Restorative Art Today

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7
Q
  • Began in 1912
  • Known as Demi-surgery
  • Joseph Crandall was the founder
A

Restorative Arts in the United States

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8
Q

The art of building or creating parts of he body which had been destroyed by accident, disease, decomposition, or discoloration, and making the body perfectly natural and lifelike.

A

Demi-Surgery

(Johnson and Williams Definition)

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9
Q

The founder of restorative art.

  • Researched techniques
  • Developed special waxes and cosmetics.
  • Educated undertakers through classes and published articles
A

Joseph Crandall

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10
Q
  • Embalming schools of the time started to teach it as part of its curriculum.
  • Embalming fluid companies were writing and lecturing about the process
A

Recognition of Restorative Art as Part of the Embalming Process

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11
Q

New and improved techniques, products, and instrumentation were developed, tested, and marketed by the professional educators and manufacturers.

  • Even today these professions continue their committment to improving embalming and restorative art.
A

20th Century

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12
Q

The care of the deceased to recreate natural form and color.

A

Restorative Art

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13
Q

Influenced by:

  • Structure of bones
  • Muscles
  • Connective tissues
  • Skin
A

Form of the Human Head

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14
Q
  • Genetics
  • Aging
  • Environmental factors
  • Nutrition
  • Disease
  • Pathological conditions
A

Things that Inflence the Structure of the Head

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15
Q

The study of the structures and surface markings of the face and features.

  • Embalmers study this to understand the variations of facial and cranial forms.
A

Physiognomy

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16
Q

The study of humans as a biological species with interest in evolution and modern human variation

A

Physical Antropology

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17
Q

Based on certain assumed rules and tasks.

  • First rule is to use special terminology
A

Scientific Study

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18
Q

An orderly classification of plants or animals by their presumed natural relationships.

  • Allows us to make a general statement of importance
  • We must be able to make generalizations about facial features, facial shapes, and forms of the cranium.
A

Taxonomy

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19
Q

Another word for shape.

  • In psysiognomy, we describe the head and its features by identifying their shapes.
A

Morphology

20
Q

Refers to the different shapes that the face, cranium, and facial features assume.

  • Men generally have a larger skeleton than women. - supports more skeletal muscle
  • Bones of the male skull are generally larger and thicker than those of a female
  • Both males and femals have an oval shaped skull when compared from a front, side, or top view.
A

Craniofacial Morphology

21
Q
  1. Environment
  2. Nutrition
A

Two of the most important influences on human form and behavior

22
Q
  • Form of earth and form of humans changed over many years
  • Earth- continetal drift- continents broke apart and moved to current positions.
  • Humans- over 1000 years people are now taller
  • Influenced by where our ancestors came form, what they ate, what we eat, and genetic makeup
  • Different parts of the worldhave different physical apperances
A

Environment and Nutrition

23
Q

The physical differences of men and women, as well as the physical differences of different races.

A

Biologically Based

24
Q

Narrowly defined within the field of restorative art. The broader field has sought to establish a correlation between personality traits ad physical characteristics. People with certain physical traits are more intelligent, more ethical or moral, or more suited to certain types of physical labor.

  • Embalmers and restorative artists are interested in this aspect.
  • These correlations are flawed
A

Biological Definitions of Race- Physiognomy

25
Q

Humans belong to this species. Race is simply a biological variatio within this species.

  • When we describe different facial features and forms of the head, we are also describing the basis of racial distinction through biological differences.
A

Homo Sapiens

26
Q
  • Generally shorter than males
  • Femals have lighter bones than males
  • Female pelvis is broad and shallow, males is narrow and deep.
  • Females generally have smaller skulls
  • Female face is wider and shorter, males are long and narrow
  • Women fail to exhibit supraorbital margins
  • Women tend to have fewer facial markings (men tend to have leaner faces)
  • Some females have more pronounced frontal eminences than men
  • In both males and females the size of the jaw shrnks as they age because of the loss of teeth and the reduction of the size of alveolar processes
A

Women Vs. Men

27
Q
  1. Europeans (White)
  2. Asiatic (Yellow)
  3. African (Black)
  4. Within these races there are microraces
A

Three Primary Races of Humans

28
Q

Include the descendents of Europe, which have migrated throughout:

  • North America
  • Australia
  • New Zealand
  • North Africa
  • Middle East
  • Western Asia
  • Others may include peoples of Indian subcontinent (may be considered own race)
A

Local Races Within European Race

29
Q
  • Northern, central, and eastern Asia and Indonesia
  • American Indians
  • Other peoples of the Western Hemisphere
A

Local Races Within the Asiatic Geographical Race

30
Q
  • Sahara African
  • Persons of African descent in Western Hemisphere
  • Note: The darkness of one’s skin is not an indicator of genetic relationship to this race, because racial distinction is based on many more classifications than skin color.
A

Local Races Within the African Geographical Race

31
Q

Share a racial heritage between that of the European and the Asiatic geographical races.

A

Hispanics

32
Q
  • Long head length
  • Vertical forehead
  • Little to no presence of supraorbital development
A

Skull Morphology- European

33
Q
  • Shorter skull lengths
  • Vertical foreheads
  • No supraorbital margins
A

Skull Morphology- Asiatic

34
Q
  • Long skull length
  • Vertical sloping forehead
  • Greater supraorbital development
A

Skull Morphology- African

35
Q
  • Long
  • Narrow
A

Shape of Face- European

36
Q
  • Shorter
  • Much Wider
  • May have a thick layer of fat that covers the cheekbones, and this, combined with their typically square jaw shape, gives these faces a distinctively round and flat appearance.
A

Shape of Face- Asiatic

37
Q
  • Narrower face than the Asiatic race, but is not as long or narrow as the European race
  • Tend to have a projection of the jaws, causing a gentle sloping of the face from the hairline to chin with the chin protruding when viewed in profile.
A

Shape of Face- African

38
Q
  • Leptorrhine (European)
  • Mesorrhine (Asiatic)
  • Platyrrhine (African)
  • These terms refer to a narrow nose, intermediate nose, and wide nose, respectively.
A

Nasal Indexes

39
Q
  • Usually long and narrow
  • High root and bridge
  • In profile, may be straight, concave, or convex
  • Thin and medium tip
  • Fleshy wings which are thin and compressed
A

Leptorrhine (European)

40
Q
  • Intermediate
  • Very low root and bridge
  • Medium width
  • Concave in profile view
  • Tip and wings are medium thickness
  • Wings are flared rather than compressed
A

Mesorrhine (Asiatic)

41
Q
  • Broad at the root and bridge with a distinctive depression at the root
  • Tip of the nose is thick
  • Wings are thick and flared
  • Profile is straight or concave
  • Has many variations
A

Playrrine (African)

42
Q
  • Horizontal eye closure, which slope in a direction in which the inner canthus is superior to the outer canthus (if there is sloping)
  • Thin to medium non-elevated lips
  • Ear is moderate in length with a large, free lob and flat helix.
A

Eye, Ear and Lip Shape- European

43
Q
  • Sloping eyes (although many Asiatic populations lack this feature) with the outer canthus superior to the inner canthus.
  • Lips are medium and non-elevated
  • Ear is long and narrow with large, free lobes, and an unrolled inner rim (helix).
A

Eye, Ear and Lip Shape- Asiatic

44
Q
  • High incidence of thicker, elevated lips
  • Ear is short and wide with small, attached lobes and a deeply rolled outer rim.
  • Eyes are greatly similar to the European race
A

Eye, Ear and Lip Shape- African

45
Q
A

Mors 200 Final- Sciences (87 decks)

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