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Comps - Restorative Art > Restorative > Flashcards

Restorative Flashcards

1
Q

Terms for nasal profiles

A

Grecian (the straight)
Roman (the convex, hook or aquiline)
Infantile (the concave) retrousse’, snub & pug

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2
Q

Types of prognathism

A

Maxillary
Mandibular
Alveolar

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3
Q

The line of closure of the lips is like a hunting bow because it

A

curves up on the ends

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4
Q

Cranial bones

A 
ethmoid
sphenoid
temporal
frontal
parietal
occipital
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5
Q

Facial bones

A 
vomer
maxilla
zygomatic
nasal
lacrimal
palatine
mandible
inferior nasal concha
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6
Q

The glabella is an eminence of the

A

frontal bone

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7
Q

The zygomatic process is a part of the

A

temporal bone

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8
Q

The very large muscle which covers the top and sides of the skull from occipital bone to eyebrows is

A

the occipitofrontalis

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9
Q

Parts of the manidble

A

mental eminence
incisive fossa
alveolar process
ramus

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10
Q

soft wax

A

also known as surface restorer is used on small surface repairs

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11
Q

medium wax

A

also called Restorative or Derma surgery is firmer for feature restoration

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12
Q

firm wax

A

also called wound filler is the hardest wax for feature restoration and large cavity and excision restoration. (requires firmly embalmed tissue and the basket-weave suture)

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13
Q

lip wax

A

translucent or opaque

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14
Q

temporary (interrupted) suture

A

individual stitches - maybe applied before embalming to hold tissues in position

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15
Q

single intradermal suture

A

hold the margins of incisions (clean cuts) together; for a laceration or clean cut for a viewable area

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16
Q

double intradermal suture

A

2 needles & a single thread - for irregular incisions, cuts or gashes (such as a gash on the forehead or areas where dessicated margins have been removed; for an L-shaped cut or tear or a gash in a viewable area

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17
Q

worm suture

A

is used to gather in, and turn under excess skin tissues…a hidden suture made after embalming

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18
Q

basket-weave suture

A

used for deep wound or excision to provide an anchor for the wax; it is applied after embalming

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19
Q

purse-string suture

A

used for small holes such as trocar or colostomy opening; applied before or after embalming

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20
Q

Torn skin can be repaired with

A

super glue

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21
Q

Repair a compound fracture of the leg

A

Make every attempt to align all bones in the pre-embalming period
Wire the bone
Suture
Cover with plastic

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22
Q

To correct a square face

A

Darken the sides of the forehead and chin;

Lighten the cheekbones

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23
Q

To correct a triangle face

A

Lighten the sides of the forehead;

Darken the sides of jaw line

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24
Q

To correct a round face

A

Lighten the cheeks;

Darken the forehead and jaw line

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25
Q

To correct a oblong face

A

Darken the chin and top of forehead;

Lighten cheeks slightly

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26
Q

To correct an inverted triangle face

A

Lighten the chin and jaw line
Darken the sides of forehead and temples
Lighten the cheeks slightly

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27
Q

To correct a diamond face

A

Lighten sides of forehead, temples and jaw line

Darken cheeks

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28
Q

___is a notch or opening between the tragus and the antitragus of the ear

A

intertragic notch

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29
Q

__is a triangular projection on the inferior portion of the anterior mandible

A

mental eminence

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30
Q

__is the lowest part of the back and base of the cranium, forming a cradle for the brain

A

occipital bone

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31
Q

__is the most common frontal geometric head form

A

oval

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32
Q

An equal mixture of two primary pigmentary hues creates a___

A

secondary hue

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33
Q

__are the inferior portion of the sides and base of the cranium, inferior to the parietal bones and anterior to the occipital bone

A

temporal bones

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34
Q

__is the line of color change at the junction of the wet and dry portions of each mucous membrane

A

weather line

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35
Q

__is the process on the temporal and zygomatic bones; which determines the widest part of the face

A

zygomatic arch

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36
Q

__are directly oppose hues on the color wheel

A

complements

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37
Q

__is a pyramid shaped muscle of facial expression which draws the eyebrows inferiorly and medially

A

corrugator

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38
Q

__is the bony ridge found on the inferior surface of the maxilla and the superior surface of the mandible which contains the sockets for the teeth

A

alveolar process

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39
Q

The injection of special liquids or creams into tissues through the use of a syringe and needle to restore natural contour describes

A

hypodermic tissue builder

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40
Q

__excessive leanness; a wasted condition resulting in sunken surfaces of the face

A

emaciation

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41
Q

__is the horizontal plate of the ethmoid bone separating the cranial cavity from the nasal cavity

A

cribiform plate

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42
Q

__is the principle muscle of the cheek which compresses the cheeks and forms the lateral wall of the mouth

A

buccinator

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43
Q

__is the fleshy termination of the nasal septum at the base of the nose; located between the nostrils; the most inferior part of the mass of the nose

A

columna nasi

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44
Q

__are the visible red surfaces of the lip

A

mucous membranes

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45
Q

__is another term for ear

A

pinna

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46
Q

An unbalanced proportion of complements with the warm hue or cool hue predominating describes a/an

A

tertiary hue

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47
Q

___are the eyebrows

A

supercillium

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48
Q

The care of the deceased to recreate natural form and color defines

A

restorative art

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49
Q

The face is__wide

A

5 eyes

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50
Q

__is the outer rim of the ear

A

helix

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51
Q

Any two hues seen together which modify each other in the direction of their complements describes

A

juxtaposition

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52
Q

The lightness of darkness of a hue is termed

A

value

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53
Q

List the 4 causes of distention

A
  1. Embalming
  2. Decomposition
  3. Trauma
  4. Pathological conditions
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54
Q

__muscle creates the widest part of the neck

A

SCM

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55
Q

__are the furrows radiating for the lateral corner of the eye

A

optic facial sulci

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56
Q

__profile is one in which the forehead protrudes beyond the eyebrows while the chin protrudes beyond the plane of the upper lip

A

concave

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57
Q

__profile is one in which the forehead and eyebrows project equally to a vertical line and the chin protrudes more than the superior mucous membrane

A

vertical-concave

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58
Q

The mouth is___wide

A

2 eyes

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59
Q

The most important characteristic for the restorative artist to achieve in a restoration is

A

size

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60
Q

The very large muscle which covers the top and sides of the skull from the occipital bone to eyebrows is the

A

occipitofrontalis

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61
Q

The eyelids in natural repose:

A

abut, but do not overlap

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62
Q

__is the small convex prominence found lateral to the end of closure of the mouth; a natural facial marking

A

angular oris eminence

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63
Q

__is the small eminence obliquely opposite the tragus on the superior border of the lobe of the ear

A

antitragus

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64
Q

__is the property of a color by which it is distinguished from other colors

A

hue

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65
Q

__is a pigmentary hue produced by mixing, in equal quantities, a primary hue with its adjacent secondary hue on the color wheel

A

intermediate hues

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66
Q

__is a muscle of facial expression which elevates and extends the upper lip

A

levator labii superioralis

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67
Q

__is the rounded projection on the inferior portion of the temporal bones just posterior to the lobe of the ear

A

mastoid process

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68
Q

The attachment of a muscle which moves least when the muscle contracts describes the muscle’s

A

origin

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69
Q

__is a coloring matter which be applied to an object, when combined with some type of vehicle

A

pigment

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70
Q

__is a hue into which various quantities of black are mixed

A

shade

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71
Q

The use of an oxidizing chemical to remove stain or discoloration is called

A

bleaching

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72
Q

The comparison of the two sides of the face to observe the similarities and differences is referred to as

A

bilateral

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73
Q

__is the study of the structures and surface markings of the face and features

A

physiognomy

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74
Q

__are areas of the skin surface which during life, are naturally reddened

A

warm color areas

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75
Q

__is a hue mixed with either a small quantity of gray or the complement of the hue, resulting in dulling the hue

A

tone

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76
Q

__is the eminence at the corner of the closed eyelids

A

inner canthus

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77
Q

A frontal view geometric head shape which is widest across the cheekbones, narrowing in width in both the forehead and jaws describes__shape

A

diamond

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78
Q

__is a framework

A

armature

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79
Q

In color harmony, two or more hues which have the same hue in common is referred to as

A

analogous

80
Q

__are the invisible rays of the spectrum lying outside the violet end of the visible spectrum

A

ultra violet

81
Q

__is a hue into which various quantities of white are mixed.

A

Tint

82
Q

__is the vertical cartilage diving the nasal cavity into two chambers, responsible for asymmetry of the nose

A

septum

83
Q

__is a suture made around the circumference of a circular opening or puncture to close it or to hold the margins in position

A

purse-string

84
Q

__is the eminence of the cheek and adjacent to the mouth extending from the superior part of the posterior margin of the Wing of the nose to the side of the mouth

A

nasolabial fold

85
Q

__is a synonomous term for a birthmark

A

nevus

86
Q

__is a nasal index common to individuals of Western European descent having a long, narrow and high bridge

A

Leptorrhine

87
Q

__is a crevice in the skin accompanied by adjacent elevations

A

furrow

88
Q

__is the outermost layer of skin

A

epidermis

89
Q

The anterior protruding ridge of the nose from the root to the tip of the lobe describes the

A

dorsum

90
Q

__is a cosmetic technique which consists of highlighting those parts of the face or individual features to enlarge or bring them forward or shadowing them to reduce the appearance of size or deepen a depression

A

corrective shaping

91
Q

__is a color not found in the visible spectrum; a neutral color such as black, white, gray and silver

A

achromatic color

92
Q

__is correspondence in size, shape and relative position of parts that are on opposite sides of the face

A

symmetry

93
Q

__are surfaces which do not lie at right angles to the source of illumination or are obscured by other surfaces and which reflect little or no light

A

shadow

94
Q

__is known as the ‘laughing muscle’

A

zygomatic major muscle

95
Q

__in the eye are responsible for color detection

A

cones

96
Q

__a profile variation in which the forehead recedes from the eyebrows while the chin protrudes beyond the plane of the upper lip

A

convex-concave

97
Q

__is a color having hue; a color of the visible spectrum

A

chromatic color

98
Q

__are those restorations requiring a long period of time, technical skill, and expressed written consent to perform

A

major restoration

99
Q

__is a paired bone with several processes that form the skeletal base of most of the superior face, roof of the mouth, sides of the nasal cavity, and floor of the orbit

A

maxilla

100
Q

__are the eyelashes

A

cillia

101
Q

__is the yellow pigment of the skin

A

carotene

102
Q

An apple is called red if the red rays are

A

reflected

103
Q

Undercutting an excision, regardless of the purpose of the excision, helps to

A

hold wax in place

104
Q

The primary reason for creaming an area that will remain exposed is to

A

inhibit dehydration

105
Q

The distance between the eyes is

A

1 eye

106
Q

Postmortmem burns are classified as

A

3rd degree

107
Q

Having a dull finish, created by the application of loose powder

A

matte

108
Q

__is the depression between the crura of the ear, the second deepest depression of the ear

A

triangular fossa

109
Q

__is a soft restorative wax, usually tinted, used to surface the mucous membranes

A

lip wax

110
Q

The basis for mortuary cosmetology pigment theory is the

A

Prang system

111
Q

Concealing minor discoloration, tissue building, lip waxing are examples of

A

minor restoration

112
Q

__are structures in the eye are responsive to light, but not color

A

rods

113
Q

A depression or concavity is referred to as a/an__

A

fossa

114
Q

Viewed on the face for restorative art purpose

A

horizontal lines

115
Q

Using the eye as a standard measurement

A

vertical lines

116
Q

The vertex and the base of the chin are examples of

A

imaginary horizontal lines

117
Q

The distance between the eyes is__wide

A

one eye

118
Q

The nose is__

A

one eye wide

119
Q

The mouth is___the width of the eye

A

2 times; if the eye is 2.2 inches then the mouth is 4.4 inches

120
Q

The dominant feature of the face is the

A

nose

121
Q

The__have greater deviations from the physiognomical norm than any other feature

A

ears

122
Q

The width of the face is___the length of the face

A

two-thirds

123
Q

The width of the face is proportionally equal to the distance between the

A

base of the nose and the hairline

eyebrow to the base of the chin

124
Q

Basic linear forms of facial profiles

A
  1. vertical
  2. convex
  3. concave
125
Q

The widest part of the head is between the

A

parietal eminences

126
Q

The face is___wide

A

5 eyes

127
Q

The face is___long

A

3 noses

128
Q

The length of the nose is equal to the length of the

A

ear

129
Q

The width of the nose is equal to the width of the

A

eye

130
Q

The line of closure of the lips from the base of the nose to the base of the chin is

A

one-third

131
Q

The line of closure of the lips to the top of the chin is

A

one-third

132
Q

The top of the chin to the bottom of the chin is

A

one-third

133
Q

The__are located half-way between the vertex of the cranium and the base of the chin

A

eyes

134
Q

The top of the ear is on the same plane as the

A

eyebrows

135
Q

The bottom of the ear is on the same plane as

A

the base of the nose

136
Q

The face is___

A

3 ears long

137
Q

The mandibular fossa lies directly anterior to the

A

ear passage

138
Q

The mastoid process lies below and behind the ear passage and is hidden

A

by the ear lobe

139
Q

A___shows the profile and the fullness of the cheeks; would be best for restoring the zygomatic bones of the cheek

A

3/4 view picture

140
Q

A__photograph shows the length and width of the face

A

frontal

141
Q

A___shows the projections and recessions

A

profile picture

142
Q

In restoring lips, the proper steps would be to:

A
  1. Apply wax to the upper lip
  2. Establish a natural lip line and line of closure
  3. Apply wax to the lower lip
  4. Cosmetize
143
Q

The tiny prominence on the midline of the superior mucous membrane is the

A

medial lobe

144
Q

Facial restorations should be made using

A

mathematical calculations, classic proportions and a photograph

145
Q

Steps to modeling an ear from wax:

A
  1. Make a wedge first

2. Form the anti-helix, choncha and the crura

146
Q

Before applying restorative wax to an abraded surface, the tissue needs to be treated with

A

a cauterant such as phenol to dry out the tissue

147
Q

The lateral end of the eye closure is

A

inferior and posterior to the medial end

148
Q

In posing the eyes, the eyelids should meet at the

A

inferior third of the orbit

149
Q

Restore advanced desiccation of the eyelids with

A

wax (then cover with opaque make-up)

150
Q

Dehydration of the eye

A

stretch and glue

151
Q

A laceration would be classified as

A

traumatic condition

152
Q

Bodies viewed under normal lighting appear

A

over-cosmetized

153
Q

Bodies viewed under slightly pink lighting will appear

A

normal

154
Q

A standard___bulb with eggshell or ivory glass globes adds yellow to the color of the deceased

A

incandescent

155
Q

The illumination resulting from the glowing of a heated filament (the best lighting in the selection room)

A

incandescent light

156
Q

The color__ creates the illusion of reddish tones in a jaundiced body

A

blue (blue lighting will lighten green jaundice but will turn yellow to an orchid color)

157
Q

Treatment of abrasions

A

apply wax then mask with opaque makeup

158
Q

In order to lighten a color

A

the lighting color should be the same color you want to lighten

159
Q

Lighting that is too strong and uneven will create

A

unnatural shadows on the face

160
Q

What chemicals would be used to remove nicotine?

A

lemon juice and sodium hypochlorite (bleach)

161
Q

What chemicals would be used to remove tar?

A

acetone, benzene and kerosene

162
Q

What chemicals would be used to remove adhesive tape?

A

rubbing alcohol and ether

163
Q

What chemicals would be used to remove ink and lacquer (finger nail polish)?

A

acetone

164
Q

To remove discoloration under fingernails

A

Inject a bleaching agent (phenol/cavity fluid) below the nail
Separate the nail bed and using a cauterant (phenol/cavity fluid)

165
Q

Cauterants are used for

A

bleaching and drying tissues

166
Q

When pink or red lights are used to illuminate the cosmetized body, it becomes necessary to

A

Increase the amount of red color used on the cheeks, lips & ears (warm areas)

167
Q

When pink or red lights are used to illuminate the cosmetized body, they have the effect of:

A

Decreasing the red tones in the cosmetic

168
Q

When applying cosmetics to the deceased:

A

Use the same lighting that will be used to display the casketed remains

169
Q

Illumination with a dim light can increase feelings of

A

comfort
warmth
sorrow
satisfaction

170
Q

The original scientific standard of color

A

the spectrum

171
Q

Bi-directional Rooms

A

both warm and cool light enters

172
Q

9 Natural Facial Markings

A 
Philtrum
Nasolabial fold
Nasal sulcus
Oblique palpebral sulcus
Angulus oris eminence
Angulus oris sulcus
Labiomental sulcus
Submental sulcus
Dimples
173
Q

11 Acquired Facial Markings

A 
Nasiolabial sulcus
Transverse frontal sulcus
Interciliary sulci
Optic facial sulci (crows feet)
Superior palpebral sulcus
Inferior palpebral sulcus
Bucco-facial sulcus
Mandibular sulcus
Labial sulci
Platysmal sulci
Cords of the neck
174
Q

Restoration of eyebrows

A

may begin at either end of the eyebrow. The normal direction of growth is obliquely upward and outward

175
Q

Restoration on the crown of the head

A

application begins at the point most distant from the hairline

176
Q

Restoration of sideburns

A

apply inferior to superior

177
Q

Technique used for restoring stray hairs

A

imbedding

178
Q

Cement (glue)

A

is the strongest bond and used for long, dense or more extensive hair restoration

179
Q

Wax

A

is used for all short hair and hairline restorations

180
Q

The method of affixing hair depends on

A

length

181
Q

Primary hues

A

red, yellow and blue

182
Q

Secondary hues

A

purple, green and orange

183
Q

Standard hues

A

the 6 primary and 6 secondary hues (red, yellow, blue, purple, green & orange)

184
Q

Intermediate hue

A

mixture of equal amounts of a primary hue and its adjoining secondary hue (ie: yellow-orange)

185
Q

Complimentary colors

A

located directly opposite to each other on the color wheel

186
Q

Methods of reducing swollen lips

A
  1. electric spatula
  2. aspiration
  3. channeling
  4. external pressure
187
Q

Methods of reducing swollen eyelids

A
  1. external pressure
  2. cavity fluid pacs/chemical compresses
  3. dehydrating agents
  4. aspiration
  5. surgical reduction
  6. electric spatula
  7. channeling
188
Q

Causes of distention

A
  1. embalming
  2. decomposition
  3. trauma
  4. pathological conditions
189
Q

Methods to reduce distention

A
  1. external pressure
  2. excision
  3. aspiration
  4. incision
190
Q

Techniques to soften wax

A
  1. warmth of hands
  2. mix with massage cream
  3. mix with petroleum jelly
  4. mix with cosmetics
  5. heath spatula
191
Q

Four structures used to replace the ear

A
  1. External Auditory Meatus (the keystone to accurate location)
  2. Zygomatic Arch
  3. Mandibular Fossa
  4. Mastoid Process
192
Q

Wings of the nose

A

lateral lobes of the nose

193
Q

Zygomatic arch

A

the processes on the temporal and zygomatic bones; determines the widest part of the face

194
Q

Zygomatic bones

A

bones of the cheeks (bones of the face)

195
Q

Zygomaticus major

A

muscles of the face which draw the superior lip posteriorly and superiorly

196
Q

Zygomaticus minor

A

muscles of the face which draw the superior lip superiorly and anteriorly

197
Q

Vomer bone

A

bone of the nasal cavity situated between the nasal passages on the median plane; it forms the inferior and posterior portion of the septum of the nose

Comps - Restorative Art (1 decks)

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