Restless Earth Flashcards
Case study: Kashmir earthquake 2005
2.8 million people homeless
75000 people died
Damage worth up to 450 million dollars
Shield volcanoes
Found in constructive plate boundaries
Magma is runny due to lack of silica and gas content
Composite volcanoes
Found on a destructive plate boundary
Magma is very thick and slow due to high amount of silica and gas content
How do convection currents move tectonic plates?
Convection currents heat up and rise and then move tectonic plates and when they cool down they go back down again
Destructive plate boundary
Two plates collide and oceanic plate is subducted creates many earthquakes and volcanoes
Example: Nazca and North American plate
Two ways you can predict earthquakes and volcanoes
Increase in soil temperature
Water from pond gets warmer
Constructive plate boundary
Crust is pulled apart by convection currents and makes volcanic ridges
Example: Eurasian and South American plate
Collision plate boundary
Two plates collide and buckle causes earthquakes
Example: Indo-Australian and Eurasian plate
Volcano case study: Montserrat volcano 1995 Iceland
No volcano had happened since 17th centuary
Eruption gave out ash and lava and pyroclastic flow
6500 out of 10000 people left the island
Eruption had really bad social and economic effect
Two primary impacts of an earthquake
People trapped underneath the rubble
Phone lines break
Layers of the earth
Crust
Lithosphere
Outer core
Inner core
Conservative plate boundary
Two plates slide past each other cause earthquakes
Example: San Andreas Fault California
How to strengthen a building from an earthquake
Dig deeper foundations
Strong framework
Developed country
California 1989
10 million dollars worth of damage
63 people died
12000 were made homeless
It was a nice built up accessible area
